One of the main moral laws is life according to the laws of the heart. Karamzin's story “Poor Liza” attracts us because it reflects human passions: deceit and love, fidelity and betrayal. When I read this work, I was very touched by the fate of this girl and her mother.

The main characters of the story - Lisa and Erast - belong to different social categories, therefore, they also have different values. Lisa belongs to the class in which the values ​​lie in hard work, touching in the manifestation of mutual feelings, daughterly and maternal love. After Lisa’s father passed away, she began to help her mother in everything. This woman, a kind-hearted person, called her nurse and prayed that God would reward her for all her efforts and diligence.

The measured life was disrupted by the meeting of Lisa and Erast, a young man from a noble family. The girl's mother liked him. No one could have imagined that this meeting would end tragically. Erast swore eternal love to his chosen one. The girl sincerely believed in the honesty of his intentions. Lisa herself knew how to love faithfully and devotedly. The betrayal she experienced from Erast drove her to suicide. The author does not blame the girl for being too gullible or for committing a sin. He mourns her pitiful fate.

Lisa died due to social inequality, due to the fact that each of the layers had its own values ​​and foundations. If for Lisa love was the meaning of life, then for her other half it was just fun. In his story, Karamzin accuses our society of imperfection, of the fact that due to the victory of material values ​​over moral values, an innocent girl died.

Subject. Affirmation of universal human values ​​in the story by N.M. Karamzin "Poor Liza". The main characters of the story.

Goal: to prove the triumph of spiritual values ​​(love, self-denial, care for others, repentance) over material ones.

Objectives: 1) through the image of the main character, show the ideal of a spiritually developed personality;
2) through the image of Erast, lead students to an understanding of the inconsistency of a happy life based on selfishness (the desire to live only for oneself) and material dependence.

Progress of the lesson.

1. The teacher's word.

Hello guys! In the last lesson, we talked about the fact that Karamzin had a huge influence on the development of Russian literature (his contribution to the development of Russian prose was especially significant). We also found out that Nikolai Mikhailovich became the first and largest writer of the then new - at the end of the 18th century - movement - sentimentalism. We also identified the main features of this movement, among which it should be noted: depiction of the life of ordinary people (peasants, artisans) with their feelings, experiences, worries and fears. Vissarion Grigorievich Belinsky (do you know who he is?) - the famous literary critic of the late 18th and early 19th centuries - this is what he wrote about this: “Karamzin was the first in Rus' to write stories that interested society, stories in which people acted, depicted the life of the heart and passions in the midst of ordinary everyday life.”

2. Conversation on issues.

First, let's decide on whose behalf the story is being told? (In the first person - on behalf of the author. Remember, in the last lesson we noted that sentimentalist writers often wrote in the first person Why? - this gave them the opportunity to more fully reveal the spiritual world of the heroes.)

Where does the story begin?
(From a description of the landscape opening from the place where the towers of the Simonov Monastery rise: “fat, densely green, flowering meadows, and behind them, along the yellow sands, a light river flows, agitated by the light oars of fishing boats.” Nature lives and rejoices. )

How do we see the main character in her parents' house? What could her father and mother teach her?
(The parents, themselves being conscientious workers leading a calm and “sober” life, taught their daughter to work. At the age of 15, Lisa “worked day and night - weaving canvas, knitting stockings, picking flowers in the spring, and in the summer she took berries and sold them in Moscow.")

What epithets does Karamzin give to his heroine? What is his attitude towards her?
(The first epithet, showing the attitude towards the main character, appears already in the title of the story - “poor”, i.e. one who should be sympathized with, pitied.
“Beautiful”, “kind”, tender”, “helpful”, “timid”, chaste”, “bashful” of “rare beauty” with a “pure, joyful soul”. From the above epithets it is clear that the author clearly sympathizes with Lisa, moreover, he is trying to show us her spiritual charm.)

What does the reader learn about Erast before meeting Lisa? Please quote.
(The name Erast is derived from the Greek word “eros” - “love” and means “loving.” “A young, well-dressed man, of a pleasant appearance”)

What information about the hero’s life and interests do we receive later?
(“This young man, this Erast, was a rather rich nobleman, with a fair mind and a kind heart, kind by nature, but weak and flighty. He led an absent-minded life, thought only about his own pleasure, looked for it in secular amusements, but often did not find it : he was bored and complained about his fate. At the first meeting, Liza’s beauty made an impression on his heart. He read novels, had a rather vivid imagination and often mentally traveled back to those times, all people walked carelessly through the meadows, bathed in clean springs, kissed like turtledoves. they rested under roses and myrtle trees and spent all their days in happy idleness. It seemed to him that he had found in Liza what his heart had been looking for for a long time.”
Thus, he saw the ideal of his life as a life in the lap of nature, a life in which there is no need to think about anything (there is no need to rack your brains about how to get money to feed your family), the goal of which is to obtain pleasure.)

How to understand the words of the hero: “Nature calls me into her arms?”
(And then he adds “to his pure joys.” He took his acquaintance with the beautiful Lisa as a sign of fate, which, again, in his opinion, gives him a chance to turn his dreams of life with a “shepherdess” in the lap of nature into reality. )

How does Karamzin show the development of feelings between young people? So, after all, what was the flaring up feeling for Lisa and for Erast, who had already managed to taste “secular fun”?
(Lisa sincerely and with all her heart, as is usually the case when it comes to the first feeling, fell in love with Erast. She was ready to do anything as long as he felt good: she didn’t talk to her mother about their relationship, and poured out for her beloved, and let him go on business service to another city. She would have even followed him if she had not come to her senses in time: “I have a mother!”
“Seeing how much Lisa loved him, he seemed more kind to himself. All the brilliant amusements of the great world seemed insignificant to him in comparison with the pleasures with which the passionate friendship of an innocent soul nourished his heart. With disgust he thought about the contemptuous voluptuousness with which his feelings had previously reveled.")

When and why did Erast’s attitude towards Lisa change?
(At the moment when Lisa threw herself into Erast’s arms, “he felt awe in himself.” At that moment the hero “was looking for words and could not find it.” Lisa ceased to be for Erast “an angel of purity, which previously inflamed his imagination and delighted his soul.” Lisa I saw my happiness in serving my beloved, but he, being an egoist, thought only about himself.)

What words are used to evaluate the hero’s actions? Does Karamzin condemn Erast?
(“My heart is bleeding at this very moment. I forget the man in Erast - I’m ready to curse him - but my tongue does not move - I look at the sky, and a tear rolls down my face.”)

How to understand the final phrase of the story?
(“Now, perhaps, they have already reconciled.” Erast, rightly considering himself guilty, repented. And now, while there, he received Lisa’s forgiveness.)

How helpful is the landscape to understanding the emotional state of the characters? Show with examples.

3. Generalization.
- So what is the theme of the story?
(The theme of the triumph of inner, spiritual perfection, the ideal of life for loved ones.)

4. Commented grading.
5. Homework. Prepare reports:
1) “Life and work of A.S. Griboyedov";
2) “A.S. Griboedov is a diplomat.”
Read the article in the textbook.

I. The relevance of N. M. Karamzin’s story “Poor Liza” at all times.

II. True and false values ​​in the story.

1. Work, honesty, kindness of soul are the main moral values ​​of Lisa’s family.

2. Money as the main value in Erast’s life.

3. The true reasons for the death of poor Lisa.

III. Living according to the laws of the heart is the main moral law. Do you know your heart?

Can you always be responsible for your movements? Is reason always the king of your feelings?

N. M. Karamzin

What makes us turn to N. M. Karamzin’s story “Poor Liza,” written two centuries ago? What attracts a modern reader, experienced in more serious literature, to a book with such a naive plot and archaic language? Is it just a banal statement that “even peasant women know how to love”?

We are attracted to the story primarily by the depiction of universal human feelings and passions: love and deceit, fidelity and betrayal. We are touched by the fate of poor Liza, her unfortunate mother, and if we do not shed tears over the story, it is only because our age has weaned us off such manifestations of feelings.

N. M. Karamzin, a sentimentalist writer, considered the main universal values ​​to be the treasures of the human soul: kindness, simplicity, the ability to love.

Lisa and Erast belong to different classes, and their moral values ​​are different. The happiness of the family in which Lisa grew up lay not in wealth, not in the nobility of the family, but in hard work, the touching care of family members for each other, the love of parents and daughters. They are convinced that “it is better to feed yourself by your own labors and not take anything for nothing.” Left without a father, Lisa helped her mother, and “a sensitive, kind old woman, seeing her daughter’s tirelessness, often pressed her to her weakly beating heart, called her divine mercy, nurse, the joy of her old age and prayed to God to reward her for everything that she does it for her mother.”

The idyllically calm life of the family was destroyed by Lisa’s meeting with the young rich nobleman Erast, a man “with a fair mind and a kind heart, kind by nature, but weak and flighty.” The simple-minded old woman sincerely fell in love with Lisa's new acquaintance. She could not even think that their friendship would end in disaster - she believed too much in the prudence of her daughter and the nobility of the young nobleman. Lisa also believed Erast. “Ah, Erast! - she said. “Will you always love me?” - “Always, dear Lisa, always!” - he answered. And Lisa did not demand vows, did not doubt the sincerity of her beloved. Nature endowed the girl with the richest gift - the ability to love. "Oh! I would sooner forget my soul than my dear friend!” - she thinks, and these words will be confirmed by the life and death of poor Lisa.

Erast fell in love with a young peasant woman and dreamed of always being with her. “I will live with Liza, like brother and sister,” he thought, “I will not use her love for evil and I will always be happy!” He probably believed this himself, but is a person always a master of his word? For Erast, the main value is money. For the sake of money he plays cards, for the sake of money he is going to marry a rich bride without love - for the sake of money he gives up his love. An illiterate peasant woman, Lisa turned out to be nobler, taller, and better than the educated nobleman Erast.

Lisa could not bear Erast’s betrayal and drowned herself in a pond. The narrator mourns Lisa's violated honor and ruined life, without blaming her for either excessive gullibility or even the mortal sin of suicide. He comes to the Simonov Monastery to remember again and again the deplorable fate of a girl who lived her short life as love told her, without reasoning, without calculating, loving and forgiving as her heart told her.

What is the true, deep reason for the death of poor Lisa? First of all, in social, class inequality. Nobles and peasants have different ideas about universal human values: for Erast, love is fun, the subject of sentimental dreams, for Lisa it is the meaning of life. The author makes us even today think about the imperfection of a society in which moral values ​​are replaced by material ones. Living according to the laws of the heart, Karamzin believes, means living in accordance with the moral law.

And who knows his own heart? The story makes you think about how wonderful God's world is, how important it is to take care of our most precious treasure - life. The world of human feelings is great and beautiful, great riches are stored in it, but dangers lurk in it. Can you love? Can you always be responsible for your movements? Is reason always the king of your feelings?


Lesson topic: Affirmation of universal human values ​​in the story “Poor Lisa” School: KSU Secondary School named after Bilal-Nazym Date: 11/21/2015 Full name of teacher: Niyazova S.A.
Class: 9 "A" Number of present: Number of absent:
Learning objectives that
needs to be achieved at
in this lesson: 1. prove the triumph of spiritual values ​​(love, self-denial, care for others, repentance) over material ones.
2. through the image of the main character, show the ideal of a spiritually developed personality;
3.through the image of Erast, lead students to an understanding of the inconsistency of a happy life based on selfishness (the desire to live only for oneself) and material dependence.
Learning objectives: All students will be able to: familiarize themselves with the story “Poor Liza” by N.M. Karamzin. Most students will be able to: analyze the actions of the main characters.
Some students will be able to: reveal the topic of the lesson and answer the question: What are the universal human values ​​in the story “Poor Liza” by N.M. Karamzin.
Language Goal: Students can: partially retell the story
Key words and phrases: “Now, perhaps, they have already reconciled.” Erast, rightly considering himself guilty, repented. And now, being there... I received Lisa’s forgiveness.
Language style suitable for classroom dialogue/writing:
artistic, conversational, scientific.
Questions for discussion: -What do we see as the main
heroine in her parents' house? What we were able to teach
her father and mother?
- What epithets does Karamzin give to his heroine? What is his attitude towards her?
-What does the reader learn about Erast before meeting Lisa?
Please quote.
-What information about the hero’s life and interests do we
do we get it later?
Can you say why Erast's attitude towards
Has Lisa changed?
Hints: “I looked for words and couldn’t find them.”
Previous training: N.M. Karamzin. a word about the writer. The story "Poor Lisa"
Plan
Planned timing Planned actions Resources
Start of the lesson
Call stage
Psychological attitude
Division into groups
"Hot Chair" Creating a collaborative environment
Questions
Mid-lesson
Conception stage
Independent work on issues
Selecting answers
Fizminutka - Where does the story begin?
What is the story about next?
- How do we see the main character in her parents’ house? What could her father and mother teach her?
- What epithets does Karamzin give to his heroine? What is his attitude towards her?
- What does the reader learn about Erast before meeting Lisa? Please quote.
- What information about the hero’s life and interests do we receive later?
- How does Karamzin show the development of feelings between young people? So, after all, what was the flaring up feeling for Lisa and for Erast, who had already managed to taste “secular fun”?
- How to understand the final phrase of the story?
(“Now, perhaps, they have already reconciled.” Erast, rightly considering himself guilty, repented. And now, being there... he also received Lisa’s forgiveness.) Answer options
End of lesson
Reflection
Ladder of success How helpful is the landscape to understanding the emotional state of the characters? Show with examples.
- So what is the theme of the story?
(The theme is the celebration of inner, spiritual perfection, the ideal of life for loved ones.) Additional information:
Differentiation
How do you plan to support students?
How do you plan to encourage bright students? Assessment
How do you plan to see students gain knowledge? Interdisciplinary connections compliance with SanPiN
ICT competence
Connections to values
Formative and summative assessment Reflection
Were the learning objectives realistic?
What did students learn today?
What was the purpose of the training?
Did the differentiation work well?
Was the training time maintained?
What changes from the plan did I implement and why?


Attached files

The story, written about two hundred years ago, is still interesting for the modern reader, although its plot can be called quite naive and uncomplicated, and the language of presentation today seems very outdated. However, the universal human feelings, desires and passions discussed in this work do not leave modern people indifferent, who are sincerely imbued with the tragic fate of the main character of the story and her mother.

Karamzin is deservedly classified as a sentimentalist author; in his eyes, the main personal merits were such qualities as the ability to truly love, true kindness and gullibility, bordering on extreme innocence.

The main characters of the story, Erast and Lisa, by birth belong to different social circles and, accordingly, received completely different upbringings in childhood and adolescence. For the family in which the girl grew up, the first place was always not aristocracy and material security, but hard work and care for loved ones. From an early age, Lisa is taught to “feed on her labors” and never “take anything for nothing.” Having lost her father, young Elizabeth helps her mother in every possible way, and the kind-hearted elderly woman from the bottom of her heart calls her “divine mercy” and the joy of old age that has already come to her.

However, this calm and happy, although filled with endless work and hardship, the life of Lisa and her mother ends from the moment a wealthy young man of noble origin named Erast appears on the girl’s path. The author characterizes him as “kind by nature,” but at the same time “weak and flighty” person.

Elizabeth's naive mother feels the most sincere affection for her new friend; it does not even occur to her that her and her daughter's friendship with the young aristocrat could lead to any bad consequences, because she does not at all doubt the nobility and decency of the young aristocrat.

Lisa also deeply believes that her lover will always be with her and nothing can separate them, as Erast assures her. The girl is ready to “forget her soul” rather than “my dear friend,” as she calls her admirer, and her further sad fate only confirms these words.

As for the young man himself, he at first believes that he will love Lisa until the end of his days. Moreover, he intends to live with her “like brother and sister” and has no intention of harming her or abusing her gullibility. However, the first place for Erast is still money, for which he constantly plays cards and without hesitation agrees to marry the heiress of a large fortune, although he does not feel any feelings towards this girl at all. Elizabeth, a simple peasant woman who was not even taught to read and write, turns out to be taller, more decent, more honest than the aristocrat Erast, who was well educated for his time.

Unable to withstand the betrayal and deception on the part of her loved one, Lisa commits suicide by drowning herself in a pond. The author sincerely mourns her destroyed honor and ruined fate; he absolutely does not condemn the girl for acting as her love told her, without reasoning or calculating, unlike her “dear friend.”

The real reason for Lisa's tragic end lies, first of all, in the social inequality that existed between her and her lover. Peasants and representatives of the noble class have completely different ideas about morality and life values. If for Erast love turns out to be just fun and entertainment, then for Elizabeth it is the main meaning of her existence.

The story even now makes readers think about how imperfect human society is, where spiritual values ​​have long been replaced by material ones. According to Karamzin, to live as the heart dictates means to live in full accordance with the highest moral laws. When reading the story, people involuntarily think about themselves, about whether they are capable of true love, nobility, and taking responsibility for their actions.