Description of the presentation by individual slides:

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Ski training is an important part of the general physical training of schoolchildren. During ski training classes in educational institutions, on ski trips and hikes, in training and in ski competitions, students develop the necessary physical qualities - endurance, strength, agility, speed, coordination of movements, as well as moral and volitional qualities - courage , perseverance, determination, endurance, etc. Students receive information on the theory of skiing, acquire practical skills in skiing, and perform control exercises. The health-improving significance of skiing is explained by the favorable hygienic conditions of training, the involvement of all major muscles in active motor activity, and the intensive work of the respiratory and circulatory organs. Skiing is an excellent means of active recreation. Staying in the fresh air strengthens the body and increases its resistance to colds. Ski recreational trips are available to people of all ages. Skis, in addition to purely sporting purposes, also have great practical significance. They are used as a means of transportation in difficult terrain by hunters, geologists, polar explorers, and military personnel.

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History of skiing Throughout the world, skiing has become one of the most popular winter sports. There is no sport that is more democratic, accessible, so closely connected with nature and so beneficial for humans. The appearance of skis was due to man's need to hunt for food in winter and move across snow-covered terrain. Skis appeared everywhere where people lived in snowy winter conditions. The first skis were walking skis. One of the latest finds (A.M. Miklyaev, 1982) was discovered on the territory of the Pskov region. According to experts, this ski is one of the oldest - made about 4,300 years ago. The first written documents about the use of sliding skis date back to the 6th-7th centuries. n. e. Gothic monk Jordanes in 552, Greek historians Jordan in the 6th century, Abel the Deacon in 770. describe the use of skis by Laplanders and Finns in everyday life and hunting. At the end of the 7th century. The historian Verefrid gave a detailed description of skis and their use by the peoples of the North in hunting animals. King of Norway Olaf Trugvasson according to records 925. represented as a good skier. In 960 skis are mentioned as a training accessory for Norwegian court dignitaries. The first use of the word “skis” in Rus' dates back to the 12th century. Metropolitan Nikifor, in a letter to the Kyiv prince Vladimir Monomakh, uses the word “skis.” The folk epics of the northern countries often represented gods on skis, which was considered one of the main advantages, for example, the Norwegian god of skiing and hunting Ull. The forced need of primitive man for the invention and use of skis in the winter for food production was the basis for their widespread development. In addition to domestic needs and hunting, skis began to be used as a means of communication in military affairs. The Nikon Chronicle for 1444 describes the successful campaign of the Moscow ski army to defend Ryazan from the Tatar prince Mustafa of Zolotaya. Hordes. Skis were used in the armies of Peter I and Catherine II. The roots of folk fun, games, and entertainment on skis, including with elements of competitions, were first shown by the Norwegians in 1733. the first instruction on ski training of troops with a clearly sporting bias. In 1767, the first competitions were held in all types of skiing (according to modern concepts): biathlon, slalom, downhill and racing. The world's first exhibition of various types of skis and ski equipment was opened in Trondheim in 1862-1863. In 1877 The first ski sports society was organized in Norway, and a sports club was soon opened in Finland. Then ski clubs began to function in other countries in Europe, Asia and America.

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The popularity of ski holidays grew in Norway - the Holmenkollen Games (since 1883), Finland - the Lahtin Games (since 1922), Sweden - the Vasaloppet mass ski race (since 1922). At the end of the 19th century. Skiing competitions began to be held in all countries of the world. Ski specialization varied from country to country. In Norway, cross-country racing, jumping and combined events have gained great development. In Sweden - cross-country racing. In Finland and Russia there are races on flat terrain. In the United States, the development of skiing was facilitated by Scandinavian settlers. In Japan, skiing received an alpine skiing direction under the influence of Austrian coaches. In 1910 An international ski congress was held in Oslo with the participation of 10 countries. It established the International Ski Commission, reorganized in 1924. to the International Ski Federation. In the second half of the 19th century, an organized sports movement began to develop in Russia. December 29, 1895 In Moscow, on the territory of the current Young Pioneers Stadium, the grand opening of the country's first organization leading the development of skis - the Moscow Ski Club - took place. This official date is considered to be the birthday of skiing in our country. In addition to the Moscow Ski Club in 1901. The Society of Ski Lovers was created, and in 1910. - Sokolniki Ski Club. By analogy with Moscow in 1897. The Polar Star ski club is created in St. Petersburg. In those years, skiing in Moscow was cultivated in the winter in 11 more clubs, in St. Petersburg in 8 clubs for other sports. In 1910 Moscow ski clubs united into the Moscow Ski League. The League carried out public leadership of skiing not only in Moscow, but also in other cities of Russia. During the ski season of 1909-1910. A record number of competitions were held in Moscow - eighteen, in which 100 participants competed. February 7, 1910 12 skiers from Moscow and St. Petersburg competed for the first individual national championship in the 30 km cross-country ski race. The title of the first skier in Russia was awarded to Pavel Bychkov. The first national championship among women was played in 1921; Natalya Kuznetsova won at a distance of 3 km. The strongest Russian skiers, national champions Pavel Bychkov and Alexander Nemukhin first participated in international competitions in 1913. in Sweden at the Nordic Games. Skiers competed at three distances - 30, 60 and 90 km. Our performance was unsuccessful, but we learned many useful lessons on skiing techniques, ski lubrication, and equipment design. Before the start of the First World War, 5 Russian championships were held.

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Skier's equipment When choosing skis, you need to take into account their flexibility, lightness, and strength. Two skis folded with sliding surfaces should have a weight deflection of 5-7 cm in the area of ​​the cargo area. Their length must correspond to the height and weight of the skier. The simplest and most accessible way to determine it is this: place the ski in front with the sliding surface away from you, raise your straight arm up - the toe deflection should touch the palm of the raised hand. Ski poles are made from duralumin or steel tubes, and more recently from fiberglass. To choose the right poles, you need to place them on a rigid support: the handle should reach the shoulder joint. Ski boots are clamped with special fastenings. The most comfortable and reliable are hard welted ones. The skier's clothing should be warm, light and not restrict movement: a ski suit or woolen sweater and trousers, a jacket made of windproof fabric, a sports cap, woolen mittens. Shoes should also be lightweight, with durable soles and a wide front welt, one size larger than your everyday shoes to accommodate a wool sock.

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Main focus Classes 5 6 7 8 9 To master the technique of skiing Alternating two-step and simultaneous stepless moves. Half-herringbone climb. Plow braking. Turns by stepping. Covering the distance Simultaneous two-step and stepless moves. Herringbone climb. Stop braking and turning. Walking the distance. Games: “Stopping with a jerk”, “Relay race with passing a baton”, “From hill to hill”, etc. Simultaneous one-step move. Climbing uphill at a sliding pace. Overcoming hillocks and depressions when descending from a mountain. Turn on the spot in one fell swoop. Walking the distance. Games: “Pursuit Races”, “Knockout Races”, “Karelian Race”, etc. Simultaneous one-step move (starting option). Skating move. Braking and turning "plow". Walking the distance. Games: “Knockout Races”, “Like Clockwork”, “Biathlon” Alternating four-step move. Transition from simultaneous moves to alternating ones. Overcoming a counterslope. Walking the distance to. Alpine skiing relay race with overcoming obstacles, etc. On knowledge of physical education Rules for independently performing exercises and homework. The importance of skiing for maintaining performance. Types of skiing. Use of ski waxes. Requirements for clothing and footwear for skiers. Safety precautions when practicing skiing. Assisting with frostbite and injuries

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Alternating two-step stroke. This move is used on plains and gentle slopes. The cycle of movements includes two sliding steps and accompanying pushes with opposite sticks. The push off with the foot is the leading one in the sliding step. For a subjective assessment of the clarity of pushing off with the foot, there may be a feeling of pushing off “through the big toe,” which is especially well reproduced by simulating a sliding step in place and in motion. While the skier begins to push off with one leg, the other performs a swinging movement. The swinging movement of the leg is inextricably linked with the pushing off with the other leg. After the repulsion is completed, the leg rises above the ski track by 25-30 cm. The biggest mistake when performing a swing movement is two-support sliding. This error negatively affects the efficiency of the kick and swing motion. Hand push-off is one of the most important elements in the alternating two-step stroke. Correctly performing a push-off with your hand allows you to maintain and increase speed. Placing the ski pole on the support occurs after the end of free sliding and is carried out with the arm slightly bent (135-140) at the elbow joint. A common mistake is to bend the arm at the elbow when starting to push off. You should not throw your hand back after finishing the push back and up. This leads to increased pressure on the sliding ski and loss of movement speed. It must be remembered that the work of the hands is carried out strictly back and forth. Any deviation to the side at the moment of setting up or during repulsion leads to unnecessary waste of energy aimed at forming the lateral (unnecessary) components of repulsion with the hand. The swinging movement of the arm is carried out from the extreme rear position with the arm practically straightened at the elbow joint. The arm is extended along the body. The hand should pass next to the thigh. The hand is brought up to eye level. The work of the arms and legs in a sliding step is interconnected.

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Simultaneous stepless movement. This move is widely used in conditions of movement on the plain on a well-prepared hard ski track. Movement without a step on skis is carried out only by pushing off with poles, without using a sliding step. High speed of movement is maintained due to powerful push-off with the hands or due to the frequency of movements (pushes). Placing ski poles on the snow is performed with a sharp impact movement. This “impact” with the subsequent creation of a rigid arm-torso system reduces the pressure on the skis, which reduces the friction force of the skis on the snow and thereby increases the sliding speed. You should strive for vigorous pressure on the sticks. At the end of the push-off, the arms are fully extended and form a straight line with the sticks. After pushing off with your hands, your legs remain slightly bent at the knee joints. If the ski poles are carried far forward and upward in rings, then in this case there is a kind of “bumping” into the ski poles, which noticeably reduces the overall speed of movement. In order to avoid this mistake, you need to learn to carry the sticks forward, holding them tightly by the handles with your whole hand, while not allowing the sticks to be carried forward with their rings. “Sinking” of the shoulders between the handles of the poles at the beginning of the push-off should be considered one of the most serious mistakes. The reason for this is that the poles are widely spread when placing them on the snow. It is very important to perfectly learn to push off with both hands at the same time, since correct, powerful push-off is the basis for efficient movement.

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Half-herringbone climb. This method is used on non-steep slopes. Use it when climbing an oblique slope. When climbing a non-steep slope, one ski moves forward straight, and the other is moved with its toe outward and placed on the inner edge.

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Plow braking Used on straight descents and allows you to brake with both skis at the same time. To do this, the backs of the skis need to be spread apart and the toes connected. Raise the outer ribs of the skis and slightly load the inner ones. The skier slightly reduces the tilt of the body, then leans back so as not to fall forward when braking. The arms with the sticks are slightly extended forward, the hands are brought together. The spread of the skis is carried out by smoothly pressing the heels of the boots outward. The angle of ski lift and the steepness of the tilt depend on the speed of the skier on the descent, the nature of the snow cover, and braking.

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Simultaneous two-step stroke This method of skiing is used on gentle slopes. After a strong push with your hands, you slide on both skis placed parallel. Then take two steps with the sticks moving forward. Simultaneously with pushing off with sticks, the legs are again placed parallel to each other and slide by inertia.

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Braking and turning with a stop Braking with a stop The weight of the body is concentrated on the top ski, sliding on the outer edge. The lower ski, loaded from the weight of the body and placed at an angle to the direction of movement, “combs” the snow surface with its inner edge, creating braking. Turning "with emphasis" When the braking ski moves forward and loads it more with the weight of the body, a turn occurs.

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Herringbone climb When climbing uphill, the herringbone method is often used. This method is used when climbing uphill in a straight direction. The toes of the skis should be spread apart, and the skis themselves should be placed on the inner edges so that they do not slip. The rear ends of the skis should not cross. You need to push vigorously behind you with sticks. Under no circumstances should you lean on the poles in front of you when climbing: if your skis slip back, you may unexpectedly fall, since there will be no support behind you. As the steepness of the slope increases, the tips of the skis are spread even wider, and the skis themselves are placed even more on the edge, and the support on the poles increases.

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Simultaneous one-step movement This method of movement on flat sections of the route is most common. Movement with a simultaneous one-step move occurs due to a powerful push-off with the foot and then, as it were, continued push-off with the hands. In order for the push-off to be strong and powerful, it is necessary to completely transfer the weight of the body to the pushing leg, while freeing the second leg, the swing leg. Only under this condition can high efficiency of the kick be achieved. The main focus is on the ability to move your hands with sticks forward in a coordinated manner. If pushing off with the foot is accompanied by a good swing of the arms, then this significantly increases the force of the push and the efficiency of the move as a whole.

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Overcoming hillocks and depressions When approaching a hillock, you need to rise slightly and, at the moment of hitting it, group yourself, and having passed it, straighten up again. A different order of movement when overcoming depressions. Approaching it, the skier squats, while passing, he straightens his legs, and at the moment of exiting the depression he squats again.

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Simultaneous one-step move. High-speed (starting) option. This option differs from the one studied earlier in that, having completed the push with the arms and straightened up while sliding on two skis, the skier begins pushing off with the foot and moving the arms forward. These actions occur simultaneously, that is, the end of the push with the foot coincides with the end of the extension of the arms. This is followed by free sliding, which ends with the placement of poles. The poles are placed on the snow at an acute angle, and immediately, with the simultaneous active tilt of the torso forward, they begin to push off. The step frequency in the high-speed version is 20–30% higher than in the main version.

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Skating move. In recent years, skating skiing has become widespread. This move cannot be used on every track. The distance for skating must be specially prepared. The width of the route is at least 2.5 m, it must be tightly rolled. Skating also places special demands on ski equipment. Skis should be 10-15 cm shorter, corresponding to the height of the skier, and poles, on the contrary, should be 5-10 cm longer. The main difference between the skating stroke and the classic stroke is that repulsion is carried out by a sliding stop. First you need to learn how to push with the edge of your ski. To do this, you can use lead-up exercises that are performed without poles. Turn by stepping after descending to the right and left, then on the plain turn by stepping in a circle; Alternating push-offs with the feet from the inner edge of the ski during the descent, then on the plain. After mastering the push-off with a sliding stop, you need to learn how to transfer body weight from foot to foot by performing the following exercises: Alternately pushing off with your feet from the inner edge of the ski during the descent (then on the plain), but with bringing the pushing leg to the supporting leg (without poles); Skating with one pole (from a descent, on the plain).

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After this, they move on to mastering the coordination of the work of arms and legs, using the following exercises; Moving by skating without poles with alternating hand work (from the descent and on the plain). When performing the exercise, body weight is transferred from foot to foot gradually; Movement with a simultaneous two-step skating move (first from the descent, then on the plain and uphill). In this case, the sticks are placed on the snow evenly: first, a stick of the same name as the push leg is placed on the snow. Two options for skating are used. The first one is with bilateral push-off with skis back to the side. On flat areas, after each kick, the skier pushes off simultaneously with both hands; on small climbs, alternately with one and the other hand. The second option is with a one-sided push with the foot and a simultaneous push with both hands. After some time, the skier usually changes the pushing leg.

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First you need to learn how to ski without poles, alternately pushing off with the inner ribs of the skis. You need to push off slightly at first, then harder and harder. It is important to achieve a clear transfer of body weight from foot to foot. Then pushes with sticks are added to the pushes of the legs. In conclusion, the skating stroke with alternating push-off with sticks is learned. It should be remembered that the sharper the angle between the pushing and sliding skis, the higher the speed. The ideal skating stroke is running on almost parallel skis. Skating techniques should be practiced at low speeds. Only after you fully feel the coordination of the movements of your arms and legs can you increase your speed. In order to master skating, you need to develop flexibility, strength endurance and other physical qualities.

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Plow turn Used in cases where you need to change direction abruptly, but the turning area is limited (rather deep snow), and you need to slow down. This turn, performed on the principle of steering with skis, begins with spreading the heels of the skis to the sides, transferring the weight of the body to the outer ski and, if necessary, also actively rotating the body in the direction of turning the skis. When turning from the slope to the intersection of the decline line, the ski internal to the arc of the turn, lower in position on the slope, becomes steeper on the edge than the external (upper) ski. This is done so that the inner ski does not slide away from the direction of the turn arc, and the outer ski slides along the turn arc more easily and quickly than the inner one. After crossing the decline line, the position of the skis on the edges changes.

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Alternating four-step move It is complex in rhythm, coordination of arms and legs (two push-offs with hands - four steps). With a step of the left and a push of the right leg forward, the left stick is brought out with the end back. With the right foot stepping forward, the left stick is brought out with the ring backward, and the right stick – with the ring forward. Slide on the right foot, the left stick is carried forward in a ring. With the third step. (left foot) the right stick is placed on the snow and pushing off with it begins. The push ends with the right hand. With the fourth step of the right foot, the left stick is placed on the snow and a push-off is performed with the left foot, ending with a push with the left hand.

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Transition from alternating moves to simultaneous ones. Transition without a step. After finishing the push with the left foot, the student slides on the right, the left is brought forward, with a quick movement the right hand catches up with the left, both poles are placed on the snow at the same time, and they push off. Transition through a step. The student performs it for one step. Having finished the push with his left foot, he slides on his right, left hand forward, the ring of the stick is sent away from himself. While sliding on the right leg, the arm of the same name is brought forward. After the end of the slide, a push with the right foot begins, during which and during the transition to sliding on the left foot, both poles are prepared for placing on the snow in order to push with both hands at the same time. When placing the poles on the snow, a simultaneous push with the arms is performed, and the right leg is placed on the supporting leg. The two-step transition is performed during the first two sliding steps. After completing the push with the left foot, the skier glides on the right, with the left hand moving forward, the right hand is also brought forward, but the ring remains behind. During the time of pushing off with the right foot and sliding on the left, the skier prepares both poles for placing on the snow. From the beginning of the push with the left foot, both poles are placed on the snow away from you and then move to a position convenient for starting the push with the hands. A push-off is performed with both hands, and the left leg is placed on the supporting leg.

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Main focus Classes 10 11 To master the technique of skiing. Transition from simultaneous moves to alternating ones. Overcoming climbs and obstacles. Covering a distance of up to 5 km (girls) and up to 6 km (boys) Transition from move to move depending on the conditions of the distance and the condition of the ski track. Elements of ski racing tactics: distribution of forces over a distance, leading, overtaking, finishing, etc. completing a distance of up to 5 km (girls) and up to 8 km (boys) Knowledge of physical culture Rules for conducting independent training. Features of a skier's physical training. Basic elements of tactics in cross-country skiing. Competition rules. Safety precautions when practicing skiing. First aid for injuries and frostbite

^forms of work on ski training with schoolchildren

In secondary schools and vocational schools, U are used educational, extracurricular And extracurricular forms of work]in skiing. The basis of all work on skiing with schoolchildren and students of vocational schools is educational work on ski training, which is carried out according to state programs. Ski training (a compulsory discipline for all students) is conducted in the form of a lesson.

Extracurricular activities in skiing and skiing are organized at the school in the form of sectional classes, various physical education and mass skiing events (walks, hikes, excursions and winter holidays), extended-day skiing classes, and competitions in various types of skiing. In addition, independent activities of schoolchildren (individual and group) in completing homework for the lesson or in the form of active recreation with friends or parents are of great importance in extracurricular activities.

The most important tasks of extracurricular work are: improving the health of students, improving physical development, involving as many school and vocational school students as possible in systematic ski lessons, in skiing sections and in various physical education events. Academic work on ski training and extracurricular work on skiing and skiing are closely related and mutually complement each other in the system of physical education of students. Ski training is leading, and extracurricular ski activities complement and expand the knowledge, skills and abilities acquired in the ski training lesson. At the same time, extracurricular work is of great practical importance and helps to instill interest in skiing and replenish the ranks of young skiers involved in youth sports schools. Extracurricular activities are organized and conducted by the physical education teacher with the obligatory involvement of class teachers, sports and physical education activists, parents and organizations patronizing the school. At the same time, extracurricular work is

the work of the entire team of teachers at the school. In high school, teachers of the course “Fundamentals of Life Safety” should be widely involved in this work due to the fact that skiing is of great practical importance.

Extracurricular activities in skiing are organized mainly in children's and youth sports schools (youth sports schools). Such schools are created under public education authorities (Gorono, Oblono), in the system of committees for physical culture and sports, and at youth sports schools; their task is, first of all, to attract the most motor-gifted schoolchildren to systematic skiing and prepare them for participation in competitions in skiing. In addition, extracurricular work on skiing is carried out in sports and recreation camps during the winter holidays, at stadiums and ski resorts, regardless of their affiliation, at children's tourist and excursion stations, in cultural and recreation parks, as well as at the place of residence of schoolchildren. In all these institutions and organizations, both physical education and mass skiing events and sports work in skiing are held.

Some classes are episodic in nature and are carried out in the form of physical culture events with the involvement of as many school and vocational school students as possible living in a microdistrict or city. Other classes are regularly organized with a constant contingent of schoolchildren - these are, first of all, sectional skiing classes and hiking trips.

The main requirement for any activities in the system of extracurricular work: to ensure comprehensive physical development, health improvement and education of the younger generation by all means and methods of skiing; to prepare schoolchildren for active work for the benefit of our society and for the defense of the Motherland.

Particular tasks of extracurricular work are: identifying and attracting the most capable young skiers from among those involved in school sections to systematic skiing; training of qualified athletes, community instructors and judges; providing methodological and practical assistance to secondary schools in organizing extracurricular activities on skiing and in preparing physical education assets.

There is probably not a person in our country who does not know what skiing is. Each of us has come across this sport in one way or another: maybe at school, or on winter walks with friends, or at least on TV. Moreover, in Russia, with its snowy winters, skiing is a very popular pastime.

Moreover, in Russia, with its snowy winters, skiing is a very popular pastime.

But how did skiing begin? Let's dive into history and find out a brief “biography” of skis.

Where did skis appear and how did they develop?

This sports equipment, like many other items, has its own “ancestors”. Thus, the ancestors of modern skis were special devices that helped ancient people move on the snow. As you understand, at first skis served far from sporting purposes - they simply helped people move more efficiently and quickly, hunt, and so on.

According to some sources, the very first skis were found in Russia about 4000 (!) years ago.

Around the 6th century AD, the first written evidence of the use of skis began to appear, still for the purpose of faster movement on the snow. Since the design of the skis was very simple, and the equipment itself provided great opportunities, it soon gained popularity in many countries around the world.

Well, the first use of skis for sporting purposes dates back to the 18th century, when ski training began in Norway, and after this the first ski competitions.

Since then, skiing has begun to develop intensively, and now in almost every country, especially in those where winters are similar to ours, there are ski clubs, bases, and competitions are regularly held in this sport, which has also long been included in the list of “school” sports. sports disciplines.

Why are skis needed at school?

Physical education lessons consist of a set of elements taken from various sports, for example, athletics, basketball, volleyball, and so on. The program is designed so that students can develop physically in different ways and try themselves in a wide range of sports.

The inclusion of skiing in the school curriculum helped expand the list of school sports disciplines and diversify sports activities for children.

Therefore, now, with the onset of the winter season, children, under the guidance of a teacher, go outside and begin to learn the basics of ski training. Some people like it, others not so much, but with a competent teacher’s approach, as well as the availability of convenient and safe equipment, absolutely every child can be instilled with a love of skiing.

What are the benefits of skiing for children?

For both children and adults, ski training is a very useful pastime in all respects. Among the positive aspects of skiing are the following:

    Physical development. Skiing strengthens muscles and skeleton, helps develop balance, coordination and agility. Excellent for joints and ligaments. Despite the apparent simplicity of the training, ski training involves a large number of muscles, and the whole body learns to work harmoniously and accurately.

    Health benefits. This point is closely related to the previous one. In addition, such training forces the cardiovascular and respiratory systems to work actively, which is first-class disease prevention. Also, skiing is an excellent “cure” for excess weight, and people who have been practicing this sport since childhood will most likely be free from weight problems in the future.

    Benefits for the psyche. Even a short skiing trip can lift your spirits and energize you for a long time! This is due to the fact that while skiing in the fresh frosty air, the body actively produces endorphins (hormones of happiness), normalizing the mental state and giving a huge amount of strength. For schoolchildren who spend a lot of time in stuffy classrooms, sitting at desks or at home doing homework, this is especially necessary.












































































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Attention! Slide previews are for informational purposes only and may not represent all the features of the presentation. If you are interested in this work, please download the full version.

In the “PRESENTATION” on the main menu (slide No. 2) there are six buttons in the form of a sun and clouds, as well as a girl with a hoop (GIF animation). Each button has its own section that you need to familiarize yourself with, with the exception of the button - a girl with a hoop - this is a button for physical exercise (this is a link to a video on the Internet - “Morning exercises with Ekaterina Serebryanskaya”). Physical exercise can be done when the teacher deems it necessary, but no later than in the middle of the lesson. Each section has text information, pictures and photos, in the “Russian Olympians” section there is a video “Finish of the Olympic champion - Alexander Legkov” (original video - from the You Tube site, editing - mine). When you are viewing a particular section and, at the end of the section, a red button appears, you need to click on it, and you will return to the Main Menu (slide No. 2) to continue exploring other sections. In addition to the red button, there are also buttons for moving or returning to a particular slide. In the summary, I will focus on the various buttons that appear in certain sections.

Slide viewing order.

(the order of pressing the “Main Menu” buttons - slide No. 2)

  1. Safety rules.
  2. Traveling on skis.
  3. Physical exercise.
  4. Russian Olympians.
  5. Test.

ATTENTION! Pictures and photos animate on the slide on their own, so don’t rush to click the “next” button. Text information, on the contrary, needs to be changed with a mouse click after reading the text.

(The video is compressed due to the presentation size limit, so the video quality is average)

Objective of the lesson: Instilling healthy lifestyle skills through a more detailed acquaintance with skiing.

Lesson objectives:

  • Conducting safety briefings during ski training classes.
  • Familiarization (theoretical and visual) with the types of movements on cross-country skiing.
  • Activation of physical activity through physical education.
  • Activation of cognitive activity by viewing slides about one of the Russian skiers - champion of the Winter Olympic Games, Alexander Legkov.
  • Activation of cognitive activity and control of acquired knowledge, as well as assessment of the level of attention and memorization (according to information from the presentation) through a game test.

Equipment: Laptop, subwoofer, multimedia projector and screen (or interactive whiteboard).

Additional materials: Game testing protocol ( Appendix No. 1), an emoticon showing “Cool!” – 15 pieces ( Appendix No. 2), emoticon with index finger – 15 pieces ( Appendix No. 3), 2 baskets (both signed – “Basket of Success” and “Basket of Wishes”).

Lesson progress

I. Organizational moment.

Construction. Submission of the report. Greetings.

II. Determining the purpose of the lesson. Goal setting.

Guys, name one of the natural phenomena that occurs in our area every year during a certain season. (If you find it difficult to answer, then ask guiding questions or hints: - This phenomenon occurs in winter.) - That's right, snow.

Name winter sports equipment that can be used to move around in winter conditions (snow, ice).

Well done! Right! These are skis, skates, sleds, snowboards.

What winter sports are included in the school curriculum? (Ski training, speed skating training).

Guys, do you know which winter sport has the best effect on the human body - on motor qualities, on internal organs and systems, on moral-volitional qualities and the emotional state of a person, his mood?

That's right, this is skiing!

Slide show (slide No. 1)

I think you will learn a lot about skiing today!

III. Main part of the lesson

Slide number 2. Go to the “Main Menu”.

Pay attention to what we will get to know more closely today...

Remember where we start a new section of the program? (Children: “- From safety precautions”).

And today is no exception! I’m the first to choose a cloud – these are “SAFETY RULES”.

I want to warn you guys that after watching the presentation, a test will be conducted based on the information from the presentation, so be careful and remember the information received.

Click on the button - the “SAFETY RULES” cloud.

(Text information from the slide is read by the teacher or a pre-selected student (with good diction and expressive reading)).

There are 12 points in the section. A red button appears on the last slide of the section; you need to click it and you will return to the “Main Menu”.

Now guys, your choice of cloud.

For example, the children chose “Skiing”.

Click the “Skiing” button.

From the Main Menu (slide No. 2) we get to the secondary menu “Skiing”

(slide No. 17) - on this slide there are six types of skiing. Each type of movement is a button that you need to click on and familiarize yourself with. Follow the arrow, i.e., first click on “Movement styles”, then on “Turns”, “Descent from the mountain”, “Climbing up the mountain”,

11“Braking” and “Overcoming obstacles”. On all slides of various types of movements, a button appears in the form of a gold coin with a drawn skier - when it appears, you need to click on this button and you will return to the secondary menu “Movements on skis” (slide No. 17).

Slide No. 17

Another secondary menu appears when you press the “Movement Styles” button (slide No. 18). The return button to this menu is the ski glove.

So, let's continue the lesson.

In the “Movement on Skis” section, we begin to get acquainted with the styles of movement on skis - we press the button of the same name, having first asked the students whether they know the basic styles of movement on cross-country skis.

A slide appears with two styles - classic and free.

Click on the “Classic Style” button.

People have been moving in the classical style since the birth of skiing.

Let's get acquainted with the classic style of movement.

The “classic style” includes those types of movement in which the skier travels almost the entire distance along a pre-prepared ski track, consisting of two parallel tracks.

- “Classical” ski moves are divided according to the method of pushing off with poles into alternating and simultaneous.

When the ski glove button appears on the slide, click on it and we will return to the slide “Basic styles of movement on cross-country skiing” (slide No. 18).

Click the “Free Style” button.

Skating methods of transportation have been widely used since 1981, when Finnish skier Pauli Siitonen, who was then already over 40, first used it in competition - in a 55 km race and won. Now this style of movement is more popular than the classic one, due to the high speed of movement.

Let's get acquainted with the free (skating) style of movement.

- “Free style” implies that the skier is free to choose the method of movement along the distance. But, since the “classic” move is inferior in speed to the “skate” move, “free style” is, in fact, synonymous with “skate move”.

The movements of a skier are similar to those of a speed skater, hence the name of the style - skating.

When the ski glove button appears on the slide, click on it and we will return to the slide “Basic styles of movement on cross-country skiing” (slide No. 18). And there a button is already waiting for us - a coin with a drawn skier and we, by clicking on it, return to “Movements on skis” (slide No. 17). Further - everything is faster.

Press the next button in the direction of the arrow – “Turns”.

Push steering is used to change the direction of travel (or braking) when driving in mountainous terrain.

A “walk-over” turn is used to change the direction of travel when driving over rough terrain.

Press the next button in the direction of the arrow – “Descent from the mountain”.

Descending from a mountain requires the athlete to maintain balance and a stable position in a certain stance. There are racks: main, high and low. It is convenient to make turns and braking from the main rack. A high stance is used to reduce speed, and a low stance is used to increase speed.

Click on the coin button and return to “Skiing”.

Press the next button in the direction of the arrow – “Uphill”.

There are many ways to climb a mountain. You became familiar with the “ladder” climb in elementary school. There are also “herringbone” and “half-herringbone” climbs - they are used for climbing a steep hill.

Click on the coin button and return to “Skiing”.

Press the next button in the direction of the arrow – “Braking”.

Today we are getting acquainted with two types of braking: “plough” and “stop”. We got acquainted with the “stop”, or it is also called the “semi-plough”, in the “Turns” section, therefore, with the “stop” you can both turn and brake. Plow braking is used when going straight down.

Click on the coin button and return to “Skiing”.

Press the next button in the arrow direction – “Overcoming obstacles”.

To maintain stability on slopes, when encountering depressions, holes and mounds, contact with snow is an important condition. To do this, the skier uses springing movements with his legs and balancing movements with his torso and arms. Question for you guys: what is the name of the Olympic skiing sport associated with overcoming holes, bumps and depressions? ( mogul)

Then, click on the coin button and return to “Skiing”.

Exit “Skiing” to the “Main Menu” using the red button (in the upper right corner of the slide).

I suggest you guys stretch out a little! Do you mind?!

We click on the girl with the hoop and conduct a physical education session.

And again my choice - I choose the sun! This section will tell us about the impact of skiing on the body of those involved.

Click on the “Healthy Lifestyle” button.

Skiing is very popular in Russia.

Every year, skiing festivals are held throughout the country with a huge number of participants in this wonderful winter holiday. Guys, tell me, what is the name of this festival? (Russian ski track)

Skiing promotes health and strengthening of the body.

Guys, what internal organs and systems of human internal organs do you know?

(Lungs and respiratory system, heart and circulatory system, nervous system, musculoskeletal system)

Who knows how walking and skiing affect human organs and organ systems?

(the functioning of internal organs improves, the musculoskeletal system develops)

We reach a slide with information:

During ski training classes, all physical qualities are developed.

Tell me, what physical qualities of a person do you know?

(coordination abilities (dexterity), endurance, speed (speed qualities), flexibility, strength))

We look through the “physical qualities” slides and then move on to “moral and volitional qualities,” and the “Healthy Lifestyle” section ends with slides about the “emotional and aesthetic impact of skiing on a person.” A red button appears in the upper right corner - click on it and return to the “Main Menu” (slide No. 2)

We no longer have to choose anything, and therefore, before starting the test game, we just have to get acquainted with the last “cloud” - “Russian Olympians”.

Tell me, guys, does anyone know the names of the skiers of modern Russia who have won gold medals at the Winter Olympics since 1993?

(Mikhail Ivanov, Yulia Chepalova, Evgenia Medvedeva-Arbuzova, Nikita Kryukov, Alexey Petukhov, Evgeny Dementyev, Alexander Legkov)

Click the “Olympians” button.

Today we will meet one of the Olympic champions - Russian skier Alexander Legkov. At the Winter Olympics held in Sochi in 2014, Alexander won the 50 km freestyle race.

Let's meet the Olympic champion, Russian skier - Alexander Legkov.

Alexander was born on May 7, 1983 in the city of Krasnoarmeysk, Moscow Region, into a sports family. Mother, Irina Nikolaevna Legkova, is a physical education teacher at school. Father, Gennady Viktorovich Legkov, played football and Russian hockey. The older brother, Viktor Legkov, was a biathlete.

On March 5, 2010, Legkov received a letter of gratitude from the President of the Russian Federation for his services in the development of physical culture and sports, high sporting achievements at the Games of the XXI Olympiad 2010 in Vancouver.

On February 24, he was awarded the Order of Friendship for his great contribution to the development of physical culture and sports, high sporting achievements at the XXII Olympic Winter Games in 2014 in Sochi.

He has the sports title - Honored Master of Sports of Russia, which was awarded to him after successful performances at the XXII Olympic Winter Games in 2014 in Sochi (February 17, 2014).

Every year, as part of the Russian national team, Alexander participates in the World Cups, where he takes leading positions.

Participated in five World Championships. In 2007, at the World Championships in Sapporo (Japan), in the 4 x 10 km relay race, as part of the team, he took 2nd place.

He also performed at three Winter Olympics. At the Olympics in Vancouver (Canada) in the skiathlon (skiing race in two styles alternately - first 15 km in the classical style, then, changing skis and poles in a specially designated place, the athletes run another 15 km) stopped one step away from the podium, taking 4th place...

And now - the long-awaited VICTORY at the Winter Olympics in Sochi! Only the will to win, the desire to overcome difficulties and be successful, many years of training and perseverance helped Alexandra win! And, undoubtedly, pride in Russia and love for the fatherland! Knowing that not only his family and friends, but also the whole country were rooting for him and worried about him, he could not lose!

On the last slide there is a video “Finish of the Olympic champion - Alexander Legkov”.

Information about Alexander Legkov has been exhausted, and we leave this section using the red button in the lower left corner of the slide and return to the “Main Menu” (slide No. 2).

And now we will play with you! Let's divide into two teams (we choose two captains and they choose their teams).

Attention! I will ask each team questions in turn. For the correct answer - 1 point. Which team answers the most questions and thereby scores more points – that team wins! I need an assistant - a secretary (choose a willing student) - he will keep score of the game. The most active team players will be awarded an excellent rating!

IV. The final part of the lesson.

Click on the button - a cloud with a question mark.

The test has a total of 12 questions, each question has 4 answer options. The teams answer one by one. We give the right to answer a team once; if the answer is incorrect, then the right to answer goes to another team.

Using the game-testing protocol, we assign points for correct answers.

The first question appears on the slide, click “next” - 4 answer options appear.

When answering, click on the red button opposite the answer option. The result is immediate. If the answer is correct, then a slide with applause appears, you click on the red button in the lower left corner and move on to the next question. If the answer is incorrect, then go to another slide, and also click on the red button in the lower left corner, and return again to this question so that the second team gives you its answer. If the second team answered incorrectly, then for the third time, returning to this question, you yourself click on the correct answer (the correct answers are written below) and only then move on to the next question.

Button to go to next question button to return to slide with question

Correct answers to the test:

1. C 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. D 11. D 12. B

If the teams' results are the same, it's a draw! FRIENDSHIP wins!

(“Two stars, one wish”)

Guys, you have two emoticons. On the back of the emoji that says “Cool!” write what you liked about the lesson, and on the other emoji write what you didn’t like. Who wrote, put emoticons in baskets: in the “Success Basket” - emoticons with what you liked, and in the “Wishes Basket” - emoticons with what you didn’t like or with what you want to wish.

Homework: Find out which Russian skier has become an Olympic champion in cross-country skiing since 1993? Information about Olympic champions - first name, last name, where, when and in what discipline (in which race) did you win the title of Olympic champion?

Thanks for the lesson. Goodbye.

Municipal budgetary educational institution

Basic secondary school No. 55

Skis and skiing in our lives

We learned to ski when we were 7 years old. At our school, ski training is a mandatory part of physical education lessons in winter. As soon as snow falls, in our village of Medvedevo, small and large skiers can be found on the sports ground, in the forest. We were curious, who invented skis and when? How many types of skis are there in the modern world? And why are skis lubricated? We decided to do some research. We learned to ski when we were 7 years old. At our school, ski training is a mandatory part of physical education lessons in winter. As soon as snow falls, in our village of Medvedevo, small and large skiers can be found on the sports ground, in the forest. We were curious, who invented skis and when? How many types of skis are there in the modern world? And why are skis lubricated? We decided to do some research.

Introduction

Expand your area of ​​personal knowledge on the topic “Skiing”.

  • Expand your area of ​​personal knowledge on the topic “Skiing”.
  • Find answers to your questions.
  • Determine experimentally the effect of ski waxes on gliding.
  • Find out children's attitudes towards sports.
  • To prove to the children by example the importance of physical education and sports in our lives.

Research objectives:

Collect information from the history of skiing.

  • Collect information from the history of skiing.
  • Find out what types of skis there are.
  • Find out the effect of ski waxes on gliding.
  • Learn how to prepare skis for skiing in practice.

Research objectives:

Skis are an amazing invention of primitive man. Skis are an amazing invention of primitive man. In distant historical times, it was very difficult to get food and move from one settlement to another in winter through deep snow. Then the man discovered that by tying two specially shaped pieces of wood to his feet, he could move faster through snow-covered fields and forests. The history of skiing goes back several thousand years. This is confirmed by cave paintings in caves in Norway, made about 7,000 years ago. Many centuries later, skis began to be used by the armies of the Scandinavian countries, then by the military in Russia.

History of skiing

There are several types of skis, all of them are designed for different purposes, have different shapes, lengths, weights, and are used in different sports.

Since the invention of skis, people have sought to improve their glide. Since the invention of skis, people have sought to improve their glide. In ancient times, skis were lined with animal skins. This coating ensured good forward sliding while preventing reverse slipping. Over time, people came up with the idea of ​​lubricating skis with wax and lard, and gliding improved significantly.

Ski ointment

Nowadays, no one treats skis with natural fats; everyone uses special ski ointments. Modern ointments are divided into two types: gliding lubricants and grip lubricants. Each ski wax is applicable at a certain air temperature.

Wooden skis must be impregnated with a special resin, then they do not get wet when skiing on warm days and the snow sticks to them less.

  • Wooden skis must be impregnated with a special resin, then they do not get wet when skiing on warm days and the snow sticks to them less.
  • Plastic skis glide well, but in both directions. Therefore, for a classic stroke, grip lubricant must be applied to the central part of the ski. Apply sliding lubricant to the remaining surface. When skating, the entire surface of the skis must be covered with a gliding lubricant.

We have experimentally established:

This Gounde pack for ski wax includes red wax for weather (+1° - 0°), purple for (0° - 3°), blue for (-3° - 9°) and a rubbing plug. In practice, in different weather, I used all types of ointment and found out: This set of Gounde pack for lubricating skis includes red ointment for weather (+1° - 0°), purple for (0° - 3°), blue for (- 3° – 9°) and a grinding plug. In practice, in different weather, I used all types of ointment and found out:

  • If the skis slip during the classic course, you need to put a warmer ointment under the block on top of the old one and rub it with a cork.
  • If the skis run poorly or don’t run at all, it means the ointment was chosen incorrectly and does not match the air temperature. You need to remove the old ointment with a scraper and apply a new one.
Skiing is a very necessary and useful sport. Skiing strengthens the body, develops endurance, strength and agility.
  • Skiing is a very necessary and useful sport. Skiing strengthens the body, develops endurance, strength and agility.
  • For people of any age, skiing provides vigor and cheerfulness, restores good sleep and appetite.
  • By skiing, people learn to overcome difficulties and strengthen their character; this is especially important for children.

Skiing and health

Sports in my life Classes in the sports section Participation in regional competitions Ski races for the prizes of G.F. Ilyin II place Participation in regional competitions Ski track of Russia - 2018 II place Sports in my family Yakovlev Ivan Aleksandrovich Boyarintseva Galina Egorovna My achievements Skis are an amazing invention of primitive man.
  • Skis are an amazing invention of primitive man.
  • In the modern world, there are more than five types of skis used for various purposes and in various sports.
  • To improve ski glide, it is necessary to use special ski lubricants correctly.
  • Skiing improves your health.

The significance of the project We would like our classmates to be captivated by our personal example, so that they can clearly see that achieving noticeable results in both sports and studies cannot be achieved by chance.

Yakovlev Alexander, 7th grade student

Head – Valentina Ivanovna Belkova, physical education teacher

Resources:

  • 1. Magazine “Skiing”;
  • 2. Free encyclopedia Wikipedia (Internet site).
  • Physical education grades 8-9 Authors: V.I. Lyakh, A.A. Zdanevich