Exception words 1st conjugation rhyme. How to remember exception verbs. Poetic form of exception verbs for memorization

verse about words of exception 2 conjugations!

1. How will you start to drive me away?
   I'll stop breathing
   Ears will stop hearing
   Well, keep your hands up.
   You'll start looking at me
   Will you turn me around
   I will still endure
   I will depend on you
   Since you were able to offend me.
   I won't see you
   And openly hate.
2. See, hear and offend,
   To persecute, endure and hate,
   And breathe, hold, watch,
   And depend and twist.
   50 years have passed, but I still remember.)
3. To the second to the conjugation
   We will take it, without a doubt,
   All verbs that are in -it,
   Excluding shaving, laying.
   And also: look, offend,
   Hear, see, hate,
   Drive, hold, breathe, endure,
   And depend and twist.
4. Drive, hold, look and see,
   Breathe, hear, hate,
   And depend and endure,
   And offend, and twist.
5. In the classroom you should SEE everything,
   In class you must HEAR everything,
   BREATHE fresh air.
   It will DEPEND on you
   To KEEP the top five.
   Lies you must HATE
   DO NOT TOLERATE liars in the classroom
   You can't HURT anyone
   You cannot drive away the weak.

Russian is considered the most difficult language due to the large number of exceptions. These are letter combinations and features of writing individual parts of speech. The greatest difficulty for students, and even for adults, is writing the endings of nouns and verbs.

Verb conjugation

Not only children, but also adults find it difficult to write the letters e/i at the end of verbs in the present and future tense. Students in the fourth grade are introduced to the personal endings of this part of speech. During this time, children learn about how verbs are conjugated.

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Conjugation is the change of a verb in the present and future tense according to numbers and persons. At the same time, the endings change. In many cases, problems with spelling do not arise if this part of the word is stressed. What should you do if the ending is not stressed?

In order not to make a mistake in choosing the desired letter at the end, you need to know some rules:

• Put the words in their initial form and determine which letter combinations they end with. In the indefinite form (infinitive), the vowels “and”, “s”, “o”, “e”, “u”, “a”, “ya” are in front of -t. These are the ones you need to focus on.
• Then the rule is applied: if in a word there is a letter “and” before -t, then this is II conjugation, the other vowel is I.

Important! This definition of conjugation applies only to verbs with unstressed endings.

But from this moment the difficulties begin. The fact is that in any language there are many exceptions that do not obey the established laws of the language. Such curiosities also apply to verbs of the present and future tense. Knowledge of the specific endings of the I and II conjugations does not always lead to the correct result. It's all about words that do not obey certain rules that are found in both conjugations.

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I conjugation contradictions

According to the rules of the Russian language, action words ending in the infinitive with -et, -at, -yat, -ot, -ut, -yt are verbs of the first conjugation. For example, melt, weed, dive, play, and so on. But some of them, ending in -et, -at, do not want to obey and go into the second conjugation. While shaving and laying are also exceptions to the rule, they are written with the vowel “e” in personal endings and are representatives of the first conjugation.

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II conjugation contradictions

Schoolchildren have no less difficulty writing the vowels “e” or “i” in the endings of exceptions related to the 2nd conjugation. There are several words that do not want to obey the accepted rules of the language.

Exception verbs:

• look, offend, see, hate, twist, depend, endure;
• hear, drive, hold, breathe.

Let's give examples of changes:

• drive, drive, drive, drive;
• look, look, look, look;
• see, sees, see, see and so on.

In addition, it does not matter whether the word has a prefix or not (drive - overtake, hold - withstand, wind - turn), such exception verbs still belong to the II conjugation.

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Learning exception words

All exception words need to be learned and used when writing texts. Of course, adults can find their own ways of learning. And schoolchildren remember better if rhyming is used.

There are rhymes related to memorizing exception words. large number. Everyone can choose their own option.

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Methods of learning

As we have already said, remembering the rule is not easy if you learn exception verbs separately as they are given in the rules of the Russian language.

Teachers always try to make learning any rules easier in various ways. This also applies to verbs . Here are some handy tricks:

1. Draw a picture showing the movement of, for example, little men.
2. Come up with an interesting poem by inserting exception verbs into it.
3. Choose words in such a way that they can be shown.

In practice, it has been proven that rhyming lines combined with movement are remembered faster and for a long time. All you have to do is start reading the poem, and the children remember the sequence of words and use them when writing.

This is interesting: the meaning of the phraseological unit “Trishkin caftan”.

I would like to offer this option.

The second conjugation includes, without a doubt, all verbs that are in -it (we exclude shave, lay).

And also these:

We drive, we hold, we look, we see.

We breathe, we hear, we hate.

And we are dependent, and we twist, and we offend, and we tolerate.

Words are rhymed in each sentence. While reading, children reinforce the words with movement:

• drive - they wave their hand as if there is a twig in it;
• hold - clench their fists, as if they were hiding something;
• look - apply the edge of the palm to the head;
• see - look into the distance in surprise.

And in this way every verb is put into action. Of course, the movements may be different, but the essence remains the same - the rhyme is learned quickly and firmly.

The ability to write correctly must be instilled from birth. Every Russian person should be proud of his origin. And write with errors in your own native language ashamed.

Spelling verbs

Regarding the study of a verb as a part of speech, then in spelling there are two fundamental directions in which students make mistakes and which, in this regard, are studied most fully and in detail.

Firstly, it is the spelling of verbs in accordance with the form and person in which they appear. We are talking primarily about endings. It should always be remembered that in the absolute majority of cases soft sign at the end is placed only in the infinitive form of the verb.

Secondly, and this is also related to the form, person and tense of the verb, the spelling of endings depends on conjugations.

Verbs 1 conjugation

Those that end in no -it- in an indefinite form have the following endings:

Exceptions to 1st conjugation include only two words:

1. shave (shaves);
2. lay (lay).

Verbs 2 conjugations

Verbs 2 conjugations have the following ending forms according to the table below:

There are more exceptions to verbs conjugated in this way, at school they are taught with the help of a rhyme, arranging them in a rhythmic sequence. Having learned them once at school, students usually remember them for the rest of their lives, thanks to the very successfully overlapping sequence of pronunciation. Let's remember:

1. drive; drive
2. hold;
3. tolerate;
4. offend;
5. hear;
6. see;
7. hate;
8. offend;
9. twirl;
10. breathe;
11. look.

Poetic form of exception verbs for memorization

Based on poetic composition, there are various versions of the verse for memorizing all the exception words of 1st and 2nd conjugation, some contain only verbs of the second conjugation, others - both the second and the first. Some also for better memorization supplemented with auxiliary words to create a semantic load, so that it is easier for the child to remember, since the memory of some people is based on the restoration of semantic connections of verses.

As soon as you start to drive me, I won’t breathe, my ears will stop hearing, and my hands will stop holding everything. You will look at me and begin to twist me - I will still endure it, just as I depend on you. Once he decided to offend me. I will not see you, but will undoubtedly hate you.

Thanks to the harmonious combination dictated by the identical endings of words determined by the rules of verbal word formation, there are great opportunities for poetic composition, the boundaries of which are set only by the limit of imagination, erudition, and interest in the educational process of the teacher, parent or child. This form of memorization works great., because it involves the student in educational process, presented in the form of a game, a counting rhyme, and exceptions and rules for conjugating verbs are usually memorized at an age when games remain much more interesting for children than studying.

However, it should be noted that such a format for memorizing something: the rules of Russian and other languages, preparing for exams and testing - in principle, works not only in primary school schools. There are various methods of memory training, based on various features of human perception in principle and the perception of people of different emotional and mental makeup. As for the mentioned poetic form, it is good, first of all, because it combines the presence of rhyme and logical relationships, therefore it can be called the best method for learning the rules about exception verbs from the first and second conjugations.

In general, it should be said that there are many interesting and professionally designed methods of learning languages, thanks to which you can quickly and easily learn to write correctly and explain not only in Russian, but also in other languages.

What is verb conjugation

Verb conjugation in Russian is a system for changing the forms of present tense verbs by numbers and persons. Verb conjugation refers to the constant grammatical features of a given part of speech. There are two main types of conjugations in the Russian language - 1st and 2nd conjugation of verbs. According to the rules, verb conjugation is determined in two ways:

• According to the stressed personal endings of present tense verbs;
• If the ending of the verb is unstressed, the conjugation is determined by the infinitive suffix (indefinite form).

How to determine verb conjugation using personal endings

To determine the conjugation of a verb with a stressed personal ending, it is enough to conjugate the word by numbers and persons. The list of personal endings of verbs 1 and 2 conjugations with examples is presented in a clear table of verb conjugations in the Russian language.

How to determine the conjugation of verbs with unstressed endings

To find out the conjugation of verbs with unstressed personal endings, it is necessary to form the infinitive form of the verb (infinitive) and determine the conjugation of the verb using the infinitive suffix.

Verbs of the first conjugation presented:

• -there are(except for seven exception verbs of 2 conjugations);
• verbs with suffix -at(except for four exception verbs related to the 2nd conjugation);
• three verbs except with a suffix -it (to rest, to lay, to shave);
• all verbs with a suffix -ot, -ot, -t etc. (shoe, weed, grind).

Verbs of the second conjugation presented:

• verbs that have a suffix in the indefinite form -it(all except three verbs exceptions of 1st conjugation);
• seven verbs except with suffix -there are (see, offend, hate, depend, endure, watch, twirl);
• four verbs except with a suffix -at (breathe, hear, drive, hold).

Variably conjugated verbs

Verbs with the exception of conjugations 1 and 2 are heteroconjugated verbs (want, honor run and derivatives), which are partially conjugated in both the 1st and 2nd conjugations. In addition, there are verbs with a special ending system (have, give and derivatives). They do not belong to any of the conjugations in Russian and are also an exception to verb conjugations.

Without a doubt, we include all verbs that start with “-it” as the second conjugation, with the exception of “shave”, “lay”. And also: “look”, “offend”, “hear”, “see”, “hate”, “drive”, “breathe”, “hold”, “endure”, And “depend”, and “twist”! Nowadays, various poems are being invented to memorize exception verbs, which is not bad and even interesting, especially if you entrust such work to the schoolchildren themselves.

Most questions are answered within 10 minutes. Log in and try adding your question. Or help others with the answer! 2 students work at the board. These verbs change according to persons. The rest of the students work in their notebooks. The endings of verbs are highlighted with a pencil). This means that these are special words, special verbs that do not obey these rules, i.e. These are exceptions to the rules.

Memorization. Work in pairs. Mutual verification – options 1 and 2). What word is in the highlighted column? I came home from school, I’m learning verbs, it’s a trifle for me to learn them!

I stomped! I sang! I sang while we were in the hallway. Suddenly the bell didn’t ring! I open it, our neighbor (he lives below us) is not combed, not dressed - In slippers and pajamas. I hope that when you learn verbs, your neighbors will not be harmed by you. And you hang and turn. But the verse that the teacher offered us at school did not particularly simplify the process of memorizing these verbs - exceptions.

I composed it myself, but this poem at one time helped me very well to learn all the verbs - exceptions. I will be glad if someone finds my poems with exception verbs very useful and helpful. At one time, we also taught the most famous rhyme - a memorization poem, which began like this: “We will refer to the 2nd conjugation, without a doubt...”.

For the first time, students are introduced to the topic “Verb conjugation” in 4th grade. Unstressed personal endings for verbs of the 1st and 2nd conjugation are one of the most difficult topics in the Russian language. And the greatest difficulty here is caused by exception verbs that do not obey the general rule.

And in order to remember, it is necessary to give some meaning to the two words -it and the eleven words -et and -at. If the verbs in –it (to shave and lay) are remembered quite easily due to their relatively rare use, then the verbs in –et and –at are synonymous and difficult to remember. Put them into context. You remember, friends, they cannot be conjugated with “-e”. Experience shows that, although rhymed, but simply listed verbs are not very memorable for children.

Fourth grade students still love this genre very much. A greater effect will be achieved if the children themselves take part in the writing. Give it to the children homework: draw a thematic picture that would reflect 13 exception verbs in one way or another.

Include music in the lesson. All together will create stable images of exception verbs in the children. In conclusion, suggest learning another poem-song: I really want to look through the glass - To see the whole world green, To hate onions and tears. I found slightly different versions of the poems on the Internet.

If you start looking at me, If you turn me around, I will still endure it, I will depend on you, Since you were able to offend me. Quiet in the forest. Shy hazel grouse fly from tree to tree.

I jumped! I moved it! Chasing a thunderstorm, holding a cat, looking and seeing the heavens. Breathe deeply, hear the thunder and hate this pogrom. The difficulty is that these words, no different from others, just need to be remembered. It’s even better if this text rhymes, which makes it easier to remember.

But we had something else (the kingdom of heaven to Polina Kirillovna! Hello! Do you need help with school subjects? There are many participants on “Knowledge” who are ready to help. To shave your neighbor's chicken cleanly, you need to lay two napkins on the stool. As soon as you start persecuting me, I will stop breathing, my ears will stop hearing, and my hands will stop holding everything. I will not see you, but openly hate you. The wolf boldly runs along the familiar trail. He knows the way to his lair well.

Why is the task similar to the previous one, but the answers are different? I have my own method! Make them the heroes of some simple fairy tale. Learn to endure pain, So that no one can offend, So as not to depend on the strong, So as not to twist the weak.

I don’t know the verse conjugations for exception verbs, but there aren’t that many of them. In primary school they taught only two things: shaving and laying. With this memory book you can easily remember all verbs - exceptions from the 1st and 2nd conjugations.

Despite the beauty of speech, the Russian language is recognized by the world community as the most difficult and difficult to master. This is due to the variety of rules and exceptions to them. Exception words 1 and 2 among conjugations require special attention.

Curriculum any average secondary school includes the topic of exception verbs 1 and 2 conjugations. Familiarization with the conjugation of verbs in the Russian language, as well as exceptions, takes place as part of the 4th grade course. With the coming academic year The teacher prepares students to master the skill.

Conjugation of verbs in Russian is a modification of their form. Conjugation is a grammatical sign of constant character. The transformation is carried out based on person, number, and time. The verb changes from the position of present and future tense.

Pay attention! During conjugation, the endings of verbs change.

Converting endings often does not create difficulties for students. There are no doubts about the correct spelling. In such cases, the verb ending is the stressed part. However, when there is no stress on the morpheme, a problem becomes apparent.

In order not to make a mistake in the correct spelling of the ending, you should check it. A rule with the following algorithm of actions is used:

• A word that is in doubt about spelling is put in its initial form. The goal is to determine the letter combinations with which it ends. An infinitive, or indefinite (initial) form, is formed. Among possible options It is customary to distinguish letter combinations before -t such as “a”, “s”, “i”, “u”, “e”, “ya”, “o”. Based on the identified letter, the next stage of verification is carried out.
• If the letter combination –т is preceded by “and”, then the verb belonging to the 2nd conjugation is determined. Other variants of letter combinations determine 1 conjugation.

Pay attention! The above verification rule does not apply to verbs with an unstressed ending.

Let's look at an example of determining a verb ending. Let's take the verbs of the 1st conjugation “draw”, “sprout”.

As a result of changing them, we get the following options:

• 1st face – I’ll draw it and sprout; let's draw, grow;
• 2nd face - draw it, sprout; draw, sprout;
• 3rd person – will draw, sprout; draw, sprout.

As examples of 2 conjugations, let’s take the verbs “to prepare”, “to purchase”, “to hold”. When changing them, we get the following options:

• 1st person – I will finish preparing, purchasing, holding; we will prepare, purchase, hold;
• 2nd person – finish preparing, purchasing, holding; finish preparing, purchasing, holding;
• 3rd person – finish preparing, purchasing, holding; they will finish preparing, purchasing, holding.

The test results are at times fraught with difficulties. The crux of the problem lies in the presence of exceptions. Their characteristic is their insubordination existing laws Russian language. Regardless of the checking regulations and the basics of spelling, it remains unclear how to correctly display verb endings in writing.

Cases of controversy

If there is no emphasis on personal endings, contradictory situations may arise. To clarify the conjugation, it is necessary to form an infinitive. An indefinite form will reveal the ending.

It is advisable to present the variability of verbs in the following form:

• Verbs 1 conjugation. In the infinitive version they end in -et, -at. The fact of the presence of 4 exception verbs in –it is taken into account. Represented by 3 verbs forming a group of exceptions with a similar ending. This category includes: build, shave, lay. This also includes words starting with -ot, -t, -ut. Other endings are allowed. Examples are: grind, weed, take off your shoes.
• Verbs 2 conjugations. They have the suffix part –it. They imply the presence of the suffix part –et, characteristic of 7 verbs. This category includes: endure, hate, see, depend, twist, offend, watch. Among the exceptions are 4 verbs ending in -at: hear, breathe, hold, drive.

When considering exception verbs of conjugations 1 and 2, as well as their disobedience to the generally accepted rule, one should not forget about the presence of a differently conjugated category of verbs: to run, to want, to honor. Their derivatives are also distinguished. They are characterized by partial conjugation of both types.

There are verbs with endings that correspond to a special definition system. This category includes: give, eat. It is also allowed to isolate derivatives from them in this group. They are characterized by the absence of belonging to any conjugation. This allows them to also be classified as exceptions to the rules.

Options for remembering special occasions

For the convenience of students, teachers and everyone who wants to master the Russian language perfectly, there is a special rhyme for exception verbs of 1st and 2nd conjugations.

Pay attention! By learning texts from a set of exceptions, you can make the process of memorizing them easier.

The poem is a collection of exceptions. Their combination is made in rhyming form. The presence of rhyme in the text not only contributes to the learning process, but also interests students.

The purpose of creating rhyming text is to make it easier for students to memorize, first and foremost. Adults are able to create their own memorization options. It is possible to generate not only unique texts. Among separate groups students memorize exceptions in the form of drawings.

There are many poems on the Internet. Their main purpose is to memorize special cases.

Among the most common are the following:

• The second one will be conjugated without a doubt by all the verbs that na -it, with the exception of “to shave, to lay.” And remember too: it’s not good to write “And” in their endings!
• To drive, to breathe, to hold, to offend, to hear, to see, to hate, and to depend, and to endure, and also to watch, to turn. Now, please remember, friends, you can’t write “e” in their endings at all.

Useful video

Let's sum it up

Perfect knowledge of the Russian language is the highest measure of a literate person. An important skill is the ability to correctly determine conjugations. To make it easier to memorize exceptions to the rules, it is allowed to memorize texts in the form of poems.

1. The first conjugation is verbs that have any endings other than “-it” in the indefinite form. Examples: prick, blow, regret, give, crawl. Helpful advice: to bring the verb into an indefinite form, mentally ask the question: “What to do?” For example, “What to do - crawl.”
2. The second conjugation is verbs that have the ending “-it” in the indefinite form. Examples: appreciate, fell, feed, fire, give.
   IN different forms For verbs of the second conjugation, the letters A, Z, I are always written in the endings.
   Examples: appreciate, appreciate, appreciate.

It would seem that there was nothing complicated - I brought the word into an indefinite form and found out which ending corresponds to it. But Russian would not be one of the most difficult languages ​​in the world if everything were so simple. Such “insidious” words can “ruin the life” of any foreigner.

How to remember exclusion verbs

There are several words that, even in an indefinite form, are written completely differently from the rules of spelling. That is why they are called exceptions. There are not that many such words in total.

Verbs of exclusion 1st conjugation: shave, lay, build. Last word is no longer used in spoken or business Russian, so you can easily live without it. But the first two, although they belong to the first conjugation, have the ending “-it”.

Verbs of exclusion 2 conjugations: drive, hear, breathe, hold, see, depend, endure, hate, offend, twirl, watch. Despite the fact that, according to the rules, these verbs must end in “-it,” they are written with endings unusual for their conjugation.

They learn exception verbs in the 4th grade, but most people, having graduated from school and plunged headlong into troubles adult life, forget about the basic rules of grammar. Especially in order to remember the spelling of “naughty” words once and for all, you can use a proven technique. Information is better absorbed and remembered faster if it is presented in rhymed form - a song or poem.

Exclusion verbs 1 and 2 conjugations in verses will allow you to get rid of simple but annoying mistakes forever. There are a variety of variations to suit every taste. Poems can be found in any Russian language textbook for grade 4 or on the Internet by entering the appropriate query.

The rules for writing exception verbs defy explanation. You just need to come to terms with them and remember them, especially since a simple and funny poem will help you with this. Taking into account this seemingly insignificant rule of grammar, you can avoid embarrassment in communication, business correspondence and help your child in his studies.