Novik N.G., teacher of Russian language and literature, State Budgetary Educational Institution JSC “Vychegda SKOSHI”.
Literature lesson summary on the topic: M.Yu. Lermontov. Poem "Mtsyri".Mtsyri as a romantic hero"
Lesson type: Analysis lesson
Target: Continue training in literary text analysis.
Educational:
Continue studying the poem “Mtsyri”;
characterize Mtsyri as a romantic hero;
determine ways to reveal the image of the main character of M. Yu. Lermontov’s poem “Mtsyri”;
continue learning how to work with the text of a work of fiction.
Educational:
development and improvement of skills and techniques for working with literary text: (ability to analyze, compare, draw conclusions);
development of speech and imagination of students, the ability to find figurative and expressive means of language in the text of a work of art.
Educational
Cultivate interest in the poet’s work;
activation and education of such feelings as empathy, sympathy, philanthropy.
Visibility and equipment: cards with words and phrases, album "M.Yu. Lermontov", computer, media projector, textbook: Literature, 8th grade. Textbook-reader for educational institutions. At 2 o'clock. Auto-stat. V.Ya.Korovina and others – 5th ed. – M.: Education, 2009; dictionary of literary terms, cards for analyzing poetic text, computer presentation.
During the classes
Lesson stage | Activities of a teacher | Student activities |
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Motivation for activity(inclusion in educational activities) | Good afternoon Are you ready to start the lesson? Let's listen, reason and help each other! | Place educational materials at the workplace and demonstrate readiness for the lesson. Included in educational activities. |
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Homework survey. | 1. Conversation for the lesson. -Name the rules that must be followed in class. -Which writer are we studying? -Who is M.Yu. Lermontov? What was the homework assignment? Teacher: You were given a homework assignment: to find lyrical digressions in the text of the poem. Who completed the task? What are they for? - Define poems. What is the theme of the work? What is the idea of the work? What is the composition of the work? - How do you understand what confession is? (students' answers) | 1).Find lyrical digressions in the text of the poem. What are they for? ( Lyrical digressions describing nature and landscape are an integral part of a romantic work. 2).Repeat literary definitions. (Poem - a type of lyric epic work, the main features of which are the presence of a plot and the image of a lyrical hero) Subject
- an image of a strong, brave, rebellious man, taken prisoner, who grew up in the dark walls of a monastery, suffering from oppressive living conditions and who decided, at the cost of risking his life, to break free at the very moment when it was most dangerous. Composition The poem is unique: after a short introduction depicting the view of an abandoned monastery, the small second chapter - stanza - tells the whole life of Mtsyri, and all the other chapters (there are 24 of them) present the hero’s monologue, his confession to the monk. Thus, the author spoke about the hero’s life in 2 chapters, and a whole poem was written about the three days spent in freedom. |
Lesson 31 CHECK WORK ON LERMONTOV’S POEM “MCYRI”
Lesson objectives: check and summarize students’ knowledge of Lermontov’s poem; consolidate literary concepts: “romantic poem”, “romantic hero”; learn to debate, expressing your opinion in a reasoned manner.
During the classes
I. Organizational moment.
II. Communicate the topic and objectives of the lesson.
III. Discussion on Lermontov's poem.
Teacher's word.
In one of the schools, students were asked a question: what do they not understand about Lermontov’s poem “Mtsyri”? And this is what they wrote (projected on the screen):
“It is not clear why Mtsyri fled during a thunderstorm without any preparation. He had to prepare for the escape, stock up on bread and salt, and dress well. Otherwise he took it and ran out recklessly.”
“Why didn’t Mtsyri follow the Georgian woman to the hut, to the free people to whom he had strived all his life?”
“It is not clear why Mtsyri fought the leopard. After all, he could have calmly left before the leopard sensed him. Because of this, he became weak and died, and if he had left, perhaps he would have reached his homeland.”
– How would you answer these perplexed questions?
– Do you understand everything in this poem? Do you have any questions?
IV. Test work using option cards.
Option 1.
1. What is a poem called? What type of literature does the poem belong to? Why?
(A poem is a large poetic work with a detailed plot. A poem is usually classified as a lyric epic work, since, talking about the fate of his heroes, drawing pictures of life, the poet expresses his own thoughts, feelings, and experiences in the poem.)
2. In romantic works (including poems), an exceptional hero acts in exceptional circumstances against the backdrop of unusual scenes. Re-read the excerpt from Chapter VI of the poem “Mtsyri”. Prove that the poet painted a romantic landscape. What artistic means did Lermontov use?
(This landscape, of course, can be called romantic, because every detail of it is unusual, exotic - “mountain ranges, bizarre, like dreams,” smoke at dawn; along the banks of a mountain stream there are “piles of dark rocks,” snowy mountain peaks are hidden in the clouds The main artistic techniques in the poem are personification and comparison. The metaphor-personification about the two banks of a mountain stream is based on a Russian folk riddle (“Two brothers look into the water, they will never meet”). the snow burns “like a diamond”, the clouds are compared to a caravan of white birds. The landscape is shown through the eyes of the hero and conveys his thoughts and feelings. The first picture (the banks separated by a stream) is the final picture (clouds heading east, towards the Caucasus). ) – an irresistible desire to return home).
3. In what size and with what rhymes is the poem written? How does this affect the character of poetic speech?
(The poem is written in iambic tetrameter. The rhymes are only masculine. This helps to convey the emotion of the narrator’s speech (after all, we have a confession before us) and, in addition, gives masculinity, precision, and beauty to the poems.)
4. Remember the scene of the fight with the leopard. What qualities of the hero were revealed in this battle? Why did the young man defeat the mighty beast?
(This scene perfectly characterizes the main character. Mtsyri appears here as an extraordinary person: he can handle anything, even manages to defeat a predatory beast almost unarmed in hand-to-hand combat. Thirst for achievement, daring, courage force the young man to enter into a mortal battle. The poet constantly emphasizes that his hero a stranger among people (at least among those with whom he is forced to live), but in the world of wild nature he feels like one of his own (like a steppe animal).
Option 2.
1. Remember the epigraph to the poem “Mtsyri”. How is it connected to the idea of the work?
(Lermontov’s epigraph is taken from the Bible: “When I taste, I taste a little honey, and now I die.” The idea is that three days of real life in freedom are better than many years of imprisonment within the walls of a monastery, where a person does not live fully, but exists. For a hero, death is better than life in a monastery.)
2. The poem by M. Yu. Lermontov is romantic. Her hero is not like the people around him, he denies their life values, strives for something different. Prove this idea with lines from Mtsyri’s confession.
(Mtsyri confesses to the old monk:
I knew only the power of thoughts,
One, but a fiery passion:
She lived inside me like a worm,
She tore her soul and burned it.
She called my dreams
From stuffy cells and prayers
In that wonderful world of worries and battles...
The main passion of the hero is the desire to live fully, in a world of struggle and freedom, outside the walls of the monastery, in his distant beloved homeland.)
3. The landscape in the poem plays a significant role, especially since it is given in the perception of the hero, which means it becomes a means of characterizing Mtsyri. Re-read the description of the morning from Chapter XI. What's special about you? What can be said about a person who perceives nature this way?
(The landscape is unusually beautiful, for the hero it is doubly attractive because this is Mtsyri’s first morning in freedom. From this morning his knowledge of the world begins, and the romantically minded young man populates it with fantastic, invisible creatures who know the secrets of “heaven and earth.” Sinevu and the hero also perceives the purity of heaven in an extraordinary way, ready to see “the flight of an angel.” Mtsyri’s poetic sublime soul and desire for freedom allow Mtsyri to compare free life, wild nature with paradise. Before death, this comparison takes on an even more rebellious, rebellious character for the future after death. exchange “paradise and eternity” for the fulfillment of your dreams.)
4. What artistic means does the author use when drawing his hero? Give examples.
(In the poem we find hyperboles:
Oh I'm like a brother
I would be glad to embrace the storm!
I watched with the eyes of a cloud,
I caught lightning with my hand...
Comparisons:
I myself, like an animal, was alien to people
And he crawled and hid like a snake.
Epithets:
But free youth is strong,
And death seemed not scary!)
V. Summing up the lesson.
Download material
See the downloadable file for the full text of the material.
The page contains only a fragment of the material.
I lived little, and lived in captivity.
Such two lives in one,
But only full of anxiety,
I would trade it if I could.
M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri"
Lesson objectives:
- Organize student activities to generalize and systematize students’ knowledge.
- Strengthen reasoning skills on a literary topic
DURING THE CLASSES
I. The teacher's word
– The main artistic principle of romanticism, which Lermontov followed, is romantic individualism. Not every person can be chosen. It is no coincidence that in Byron he is a rebel, high “rising above the crowd,” while in Hoffmann he is an outcast, an eccentric, a lonely dreamer. The position of a romantic person is to focus on her own “I”, so it is difficult for her to live in the world around her. Thus, the antithesis “personality - world” arises, in which the idea of romantic dual worlds is realized. The world constantly pushes the personality out, and the personality is alienated from the world. As a result, having not found contact with the world, the romantic person goes in search of his spiritual homeland. ( Annex 1 )
II. Conversation over text
What is special about Lermontov's Mtsyri? Why has it excited and excited the feelings of readers for many decades?
In 1839, Lermontov accompanied the published poem “Mtsyri” with an explanation of the title: “Mtsyri in Georgian means “non-serving monk,” something like a novice.” This non-Russian word has a double meaning - an alien, a foreigner and a lonely person.
We pay attention to the unusual epigraph: “When I taste, I taste a little honey, and now I die.” Initially, Lermontov wanted to choose a different epigraph, “Everyone has only one homeland,” but later abandoned it. ( Appendix 2
)
How does the epigraph to the poem help us answer the question posed at the beginning of the lesson?
Turning to the biblical theme, the author focuses on the violation of prohibitions. The general meaning of the phrase is important to Lermontov. According to the Bible, anyone who violates the prohibition will die. Here the poet is interested in something else: I’m dying, but I dare to break the ban. This epigraph translates the fate of Mtsyri and sets the philosophical level of confession, where the main character speaks about the meaning of life of a person who has tasted the honey of freedom.
What is unusual about the personality of a seventeen-year-old boy?
The state of loneliness of the protagonist, alienation within the walls of the monastery is due to the circumstances in Mtsyri’s life. The fate of the hero is a given that is given to the reader. In other words, Mtsyri’s personality is valuable in itself.
The psychology of the young man is contradictory: he has a weak body and a powerful spirit. The life force in him was killed, the reason for which was his captivity and stay in the “gray walls” of the monastery. But on the other hand, the young man’s spirit is not broken. He remains himself, a natural person who is drawn to nature, to nature.
What role did the monks play in the life of Mtsyri? Why did he suffocate within the walls of the monastery?
Monastic education did not affect Mtsyri. No matter how much he lived with the monks, the memory of the land of his ancestors lives in his mind. Note that the hero’s condition is not explained, but is presented as a given.
What is a sense of life
What is Lermontov’s attitude towards the experiences of his hero?
Lermontov did not shy away from modernity. He wrote about what worried and tormented the best people of his generation; He embodied their thoughts and feelings, their aspirations in the heroes of his works. The action of the poem takes place in modern times, and the hero is also a contemporary who finds it hard and difficult, just like Lermontov.
Why do you think the narrative is given to the hero?
At the center of the poem is the image of a young man placed in unusual conditions. Monastic existence is poor in external events; it does not bring joy to a person, but it cannot destroy his aspirations and impulses. The author pays main attention to these aspirations, to the inner world of the hero, and the external circumstances of his life only help to reveal his character. A monologue is a confession that allows you to penetrate into the innermost thoughts and feelings of the hero. Here the young man talks more about what he saw, but one can only guess about what he experienced (“can you tell your soul?”).
The word “confession” has the following meaning: repentance of sins before the priest; frank confession of something; communicating your thoughts and views.
In what meaning do you think this word is used in the poem?
Confession makes it possible to gradually reveal the hero’s inner world. Mtsyri talks about his life in the monastery and reveals something that was not known to the monks. Outwardly submissive, “a child at heart, a monk at heart,” he was obsessed with a fiery passion for freedom, a youthful thirst for life with all its joys and sorrows. Behind these dreams and aspirations one can discern the circumstances and reasons that brought him to life. An image emerges of a gloomy monastery with stuffy cells, inhuman laws and an atmosphere where all natural aspirations are suppressed.
The main part of the poem is a dispute in which mainly only Mtsyri takes part. It shows the clash of conflicting views on life.
Clash of worldviews
The strength of the romantic hero's spirit lies in his ability to survive the loneliness of the monks. But Mtsyri's loneliness reaches its climax, and he flees from the monastery.
Prove that escape reveals Mtsyri’s inner world? Find signs of a romantic poem? (Appendix 3 )
The climax of the poem is the flight. It is typical for a romantic hero to break ties with the world and flee into a foreign environment. Mtsyri also leaves a world alien to himself and wants to return to his homeland, thus in the poem the situation of flight becomes the motive for return. A changeover occurs. The hero does not lose his element, but gains it. The young man does not need to establish relationships with the new world where he is running, it is close to him. The call of nature calls on Mtsyri to return to where he was born and lived before captivity. It is no coincidence that there is a lot of wind and birds in the poem. He, like a bird that has flown away to foreign lands, instinctively returns to the family nest. But in this world he feels like a stranger. Everything here is harmonious even in the images: two rivers, two saklyas, two rocks, two white acacia bushes, trees like brothers, flocks of birds flying. Only Mtsyri is alone, deprived of kinship since childhood, he has no one. Naturally, images of kinship and unity evoke a young man’s natural desire to restore natural connections.
What function does the natural environment serve?
In Mtsyri’s mind lives the image of a distant and desired homeland, where there is a “wonderful land of anxiety and battles,” where people are free as birds. There is no talk here of cruelty, of the cruelty of laws, of bloody sport, of violence against captive mountaineers. Lermontov saw the Caucasus only from the positive side, since for Mtsyri everything here is dear and close. The poet humanizes this region. Nature gives the fleeing hero a new surge of strength, it gives rest, quenches thirst, and allows him to come into contact with the happiness of love.
What feelings does Mtsyri experience when meeting a girl?
The meeting with the Georgian woman became an overcoming of temptation. The monks believed that female beauty was sinful, just as the very thought of love was sinful. We don’t know how Mtsyri felt, but our experiences are on his side. There is a struggle of feelings in his soul. No matter how attractive the call of happiness and peace may be. Mtsyri rejects the personal in order to achieve his goal. It is no coincidence that Mtsyri bitterly says to his interlocutor:
Memories of those minutes
In me, with me, let them die.
But soon the young man gets tired of nature. For him, a resident of the monastery, freedom turned out to be an unbearable burden, as if he had become oversaturated with oxygen. Mtsyri experienced so many events in three days that did not happen during his stay in the monastery. And he is tired of worrying, since Mtsyri is a victim of civilization.
How does the world of nature contrast with the world of monastery walls?
In the poem, Lermontov talks about the relationship between the monks and the boy. The motive of evil was removed entirely; the monks did not beat the child, did not subject him to violence, did not offend him. The inhabitants of the monastery felt “pity”; they taught healing within the “protective walls.” The evil of the monks is that they rape the will of Mtsyri. The monks surrounded him with suffocating care, thereby imprisoning him.
Monologue Mtsyri |
|
| "Security walls" of the monastery | "Dark Walls" (chapter 4) “The walls are blank” (chapter 24) “Stuffy cells” (chapter 3) “Damp slabs” (chapter 21) Monastery - prison (chap. 20, 21) Captivity (chapter 3) |
| “...afterwards he got used to captivity, I began to understand a foreign language, Was baptized by the Holy Father And, unfamiliar with the noisy light, Already wanted in the prime of life Make a monastic vow..." |
“I knew only the power of the thought, One - but fiery passion: She lived inside me like a worm, She tore her soul and burned it. She called my dreams From stuffy cells and prayers In that wonderful world of worries and battles, Where rocks hide in the clouds, Where people are as free as eagles. I am this passion in the darkness of the night Nourished with tears and melancholy...” (Ch. 3) |
| "Out of pity, one monk Looked after the sick..." |
“And why? So that in the prime of life... Take it to the grave with you Longing for the holy homeland, A reproach to the hopes of the deceived And shame on your pity!..” (chapter 20) |
Mtsyri is burned by passion for will, and therefore the good of the monks turns into evil for him. The closed space of the monastery threatens the hero with lack of freedom. Lermontov affirms the highest value not of peace, but of struggle, personal courage.
Here you need to pay attention to the scene with the leopard. Why does Lermontov introduce this episode, how does he characterize Mtsyri? What feelings does the young man experience in a fight with the beast? (Tension of strength, rapture of open and honest struggle, complete merging with nature, joy and triumph of victory.) The poet admires the courage, determination and courage of Mtsyri. It is here that the verse rings especially elastically. The hero's state of mind is expressed by intonation and rhythm, a system of transfers and pauses. The beginning of the stanza is intermittent, which shows the severity of the situation: pauses convey excitement, rhythm - the tension of struggle, solid masculine rhymes “fall” like blows.
This battle shows genuine human society, that is, Lermontov models the society that should exist. Only in such a society must courage be opposed by courage. An open battle, where there is no deceit, cunning, or deception, this is exactly how Lermontov imagined life. Leopard behaves like a person.
Do you think returning to the monastery is an accident or doom for Mtsyri?
Nature gave Mtsyri a world of true life, but did not open its doors to him. And the novice did not manage to get far from the “gloomy walls.”
Mtsyri was given the opportunity to experience a few moments of true life. These three days ruined life in the monastery. Life in freedom is an example of heroic behavior, a thirst for a different life, incompatible with the past. Lermontov talked about the tragic rushing in a circle to achieve an unattainable goal, about the hero’s doom, but, nevertheless, he respected his hero, his desire to change his life.
The poem “Mtsyri” poses serious moral and philosophical questions about the meaning of life, about love and death, about man and society. This poem is not only about Mtsyri, but also about Lermontov himself, because their fates are very similar. If Mtsyri had a hard time in the monastery, then Lermontov had a hard time in secular society. Lermontov sought to leave this environment of people deeply alien to him. Perhaps he embodied in the image of his hero his own traits and those traits that, in his opinion, were the best in people.
When Mtsyri asked the question:
...is the earth beautiful?
... for freedom or prison
Will we be born into this world?
Lermontov answered: yes, the earth is beautiful, man is born for freedom, but the tragedy is that he is forced to live in captivity. And the poet glorified struggle, feat, rebellion, strength of character and intransigence. With his heroism, uncontrollable desire for a goal, anxiety, thirst for struggle, and brightness of feelings, Mtsyri is close to Lermontov.
Why does the poem have an open ending?
Mtsyri dies unconquered. The author does not end the poem with a scene of the hero’s physical death, but gives the opportunity to resound in the reader’s mind with the words of a living hero, not broken by any suffering.
Each reader has his own answer to the question posed, each has his own opinion. You have to live with dignity so that you can answer without shame:
"You want to know what I did
Free? Lived..."
III. Homework: write an essay: “Who has Mtsyri become for me?”
Literature:
- G.I. Belenky“From observations of composition to comprehension of the ideological meaning of the work”, M., “Enlightenment”, 1968.
- D.E. Maksimov“Lermontov’s Poetry” M-L., “Science”, 1964
Municipal budgetary educational institution
secondary school No. 25 named after N.K. Krupskaya, Ulyanovsk
"The rebellious spirit of Mtsyri."
The theme of freedom in the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov.
Summary of a literature lesson in 8th grade.
Prepared by Elena Anatolyevna Dmitrieva,
teacher of Russian language and literature.
Lesson type: combined
Equipment: Microsoft Power Point presentation, student drawings for the poem “Mtsyri”, portrait of M.Yu. Lermontov; musical accompaniment - “The Seasons” by W.A. Mozart.
Lesson objectives:
Educational: developing the ability to reveal the ideological content of a poem, its artistic originality, and characterize a literary hero; developing commentary reading skills; preparation for writing.
Developmental: development of creative, speech and mental activity, interest in the subject based on linguistic and aesthetic impressions.
Educating: formation of moral qualities of students, ethical taste; instilling a culture of verbal communication.
During the classes.
1. Statement of problematic issues of the lesson.(Slide No. 2)
I want to start today’s lesson by getting acquainted with the statements of famous people:
Freedom is not easy, ...freedom is difficult, it is a heavy burden. And people easily give up freedom in order to make themselves easier... (Nikolai Berdyaev)
The bird can be caught. But is it possible to make the cage more pleasant for her than free air? (Gotthold Lessing)
Freedom is like the sea: it either lifts you up or devours you, depending on the wind.
(Carmen Silva)
What theme are these statements united by? (The theme of freedom).
What thoughts do they prompt, what questions do they raise? (What is freedom, what does it give to a person, is it achievable, does a person need freedom).
These are the questions we will reflect on today in class.
2. Formulating the topic of the lesson, setting lesson goals.
What is the topic of the lesson? Let's write it down in a notebook (Slide No. 2).
What are the objectives of the lesson? (slide number 3)
3. Vocabulary work.
To work effectively in class, you need to review some terms. There are crossword puzzles in front of you. Solve them within 3-5 minutes.
1. A quotation placed at the head of an essay or part of it in order to indicate its spirit, its meaning, and the author’s attitude towards it.
2. Artistic exaggeration.
3. The moment of highest tension in the development of the action of a literary work, when a turning point occurs, a decisive clash of the depicted characters and circumstances, after which the plot of the work moves towards completion.
4. Transferring the properties of one object (phenomenon or aspect of existence) to another based on the principle of their similarity.
5. A clash, a struggle, on which the development of the plot is built.
6. Figurative definition
7. The general main meaning of the work.
8. A turn of poetic speech in which, for expressiveness, directly opposite concepts, thoughts, and character traits of the characters are sharply contrasted.
9. Type of lyric-epic work; poetic story telling.
4. Checking the crossword puzzle (slide No. 4).
5. Analysis of poetic text.
The romantic hero is an extraordinary person. Is the main character of M.Yu. Lermontov’s poem an ordinary person or an extraordinary one?
When does its unusualness begin to appear? (Since childhood, he has been a contradictory personality - weak in body, but strong in spirit: “shy, weak,” but “mighty in spirit,” “proud.” Unchildish feelings of loneliness and melancholy dominate him).
Does Mtsyri have a dream and what is it? (return to homeland).
What doesn’t suit him about the monastery? (lack of freedom, does not want to be a “slave and orphan”).
What does it mean to become a monk? (withdrawal from people, from the world, renunciation of one’s own personality, serving God, subordination of one’s own personality to the rules).
What is the meaning of life in a monastery? (self-denial, peace, renunciation of the joys of earthly existence in the name of eternal life after death).
6. Work in pairs (slide No. 5).
Write out contextual synonyms for the word unfreedom from the text of the poem.
captivity
gloomy walls
stuffy cells
foreign land
monastery
7. Musical illustration (slides No. 6 - 9).
And now we are waiting for a meeting with another type of art - music. I suggest listening to an excerpt from a work by W.A. Mozart in a modern rock arrangement with bass guitar and violin. The violin is played by Vanessa Mae, known for her modern adaptations of classical music. Listen and think, can this fragment be considered a musical illustration for the poem “Mtsyri”?
Which episode would this fragment fit into and why? (Mtsyri’s escape from the monastery - tension, intensity, tempo, impetuosity, strength, emotionality of the music corresponds to the hero’s state of mind and the state of nature).
We listened to Mozart's The Seasons. The fragment was called "Thunderstorm".
8.Analysis of poetic text.
What element of the plot do you think is Mtsyri’s escape from the monastery and why?
(the culmination, because his dream comes true, and during a thunderstorm the hero could die).
So, the plot is based on a traditional romantic situation: escape from captivity. This theme permeates all of the poet’s work. Both the lyrical hero of many of his poems and the heroes of many dramatic works bear the mark of a fugitive.
What is the purpose of Mtsyri’s escape? Read (text of the poem, chapter 8).
Have you found answers to these questions? (I saw the world, nature in all its diversity, experienced the joy of communicating with it).
Why are 3 chapters devoted to Mtsyri’s entire previous life in the monastery, and 20 chapters about the 3 days spent outside the walls of the monastery? (the time spent in the monastery is only a semblance of being; in the 3 days spent in freedom, Mtsyri lived his whole life: he was a child in his parents’ house, a warrior, a hunter, a lover. He experienced a lot, overcame a lot).
What did Mtsyri learn about himself? What qualities do you have that you may not have even suspected?
(fearlessness, contempt for death, endurance, determination, he belongs in the world of wild nature. And most importantly, he has strengthened his thirst for freedom and earthly happiness).
9. Implementation of homework for the lesson.
What artistic and visual means does the author use to show these qualities of his hero?
. Epithets - “but free youth is strong”, “timid and dumb”, etc.
. Hyperbole - “Oh, I’m like a brother, I would be glad to embrace the storm!...”, etc.
. Metaphors - “I was gnawing the damp breast of the earth”, “my heart suddenly lit up with a thirst for fight and blood”, etc.
. Comparisons - “I myself, like an animal, was alien to people,” “I, like a desert leopard, angry and wild,” etc.
What is the significance of these visual means to characterize the image of Mtsyri? How do they characterize him? (They convey the depth of the hero’s feelings and experiences. Mtsyri is an extraordinary person, he can handle anything).
So, Mtsyri is free. What does freedom mean to him?
But first, how do you understand the meaning of this word?
(The definition of the word freedom is posted on the board - individual task)
Freedom is your own will
space
independence
10. Work in pairs. (slide number 10)
Write down contextual synonyms for the word freedom in the second part of the table.
a wonderful world of anxiety and battles
fields
hills
mountain ranges
father's house
home country
What does it mean for Mtsyri to be free? (to escape from monastic captivity and return to his native village, to escape from a “foreign country” to the environment where he was born. Life in a foreign land does not make any sense for him).
For the sake of instant merging with his homeland, he is ready to make the greatest sacrifice. Which one? (loss of the immortality of the soul - chapter 25.) Freedom for Mtsyri is the highest good, the main value, the meaning of life, it is life itself.
What does it mean for Mtsyri to live freely? (to be in constant search, anxiety, fight and win).
Life
=
search
struggle
victory
11. Implementation of homework for the lesson.
How do pictures of nature help in revealing the character of the main character? What artistic means, characteristic of a romantic landscape, does the author use?
. Epithets - “lush fields”, “pale light”, etc.
. Metaphors - “hills covered with a crown”, “gray-haired Caucasus”, etc.
. Comparisons - “in the snow, burning like a diamond”, “mountain ranges as fancy as dreams”, etc.
. Personifications - “the thoughts of the rocks”, “the curls of the vines curled, showing off between the trees”, etc.
. Alliteration - “lush”, “noisy”, “fresh”; “piles”, “mountain ranges”, etc.
The surrounding nature is given through the perception of Mtsyri, i.e. becomes a means of characterizing him: he has a sublime, poetic soul. The romantic hero sees nature as unusually beautiful. The variety of visual means of the work expresses the wealth of experiences and feelings of the lyrical hero.
But is nature always related to the hero, is it always a source of strength? (nature and a harbinger of failure, imperceptibly it changes its appearance, turning from friend to enemy - Ch. 15).
What do you think will be the next question? (why didn’t you find your way home?)
How does Mtsyri himself explain this? (chapter 21 - “the prison left its mark”).
In the spirit of romanticism, the hero's life is determined by fate, fate. Mtsyri's path to his homeland turned out to be a movement in a circle. The hero tried to overcome fate, the predestination of “God’s world”, he learned freedom.
But what did it cost him? (he needed to leave the world of people, overcome himself, his desires, feelings, overcome his human nature).
Do you think such freedom is needed? (loneliness, loss, absolute freedom cannot exist).
Why doesn't the hero have a name? (due to the fiery desire for freedom, humanity disappears: weaknesses, desires (“like a beast”). This is a kind of spirit, a clot of energy striving for freedom. Therefore, freedom in the poem is also developed as a desired ideal, something superhuman, perhaps unattainable.
12. Creating a syncwine.
What two words were used most often in class? (freedom, Mtsyri).
Create a syncwine with any of these words.
13. Conclusions from the lesson.
What is the idea of the poem? (glorification of courage, the eternal desire for freedom and struggle, no matter what tragic results they lead a person to. The tragic loss, the loneliness of the hero who got lost in search of his homeland does not devalue either the meaning of the goal or the meaning of the search, but expresses the real consciousness of generation M. Yu. Lermontov).
14. Homework. (Slide No. 11)
Write an essay on one of the suggested topics:
1. What does happiness mean in Mtsyri’s understanding?
2. Which pages of Mtsyri’s confession especially touched you and why?
15. Reflection. Making marks.
So, have we achieved the goals set at the beginning of the lesson?
What kind of work did you do? (continued to work on developing the skills of analyzing a work of art, learned to characterize the lyrical hero, identified ways to reveal the image of Mtsyri, and drew a conclusion about the meaning of freedom in Mtsyri’s life).
Continue your self-analysis by filling out the reflection sheets.
Put the pros or cons in the table:
F.I. student__________________________ 
On this topic:
The poem "Mtsyri" as a romantic work. The originality of the poem. The image of the main character.
Lesson objectives:
1) characterize Mtsyri, penetrate into the author’s plan, identify ways to reveal the image of the main character
2) draw conclusions about the features of the poem “Mtsyri” as a romantic work
DURING THE CLASSES
IStudent survey.
·How did Mtsyri live in the monastery?
·The character and dreams of a young novice.
Teacher's comment.
Lermontov does not give a detailed description of the monastic life of Mtsyri. Monastic life meant, first of all, withdrawal from people, from the world, complete renunciation of one’s own personality, “service to God,” expressed in monotonously alternating fasts and prayers. The main condition of life in a monastery is obedience. Anyone who has taken the monastic vow finds himself forever cut off from human society; the monk's return to life was prohibited.
For the hero, the monastery is a symbol of bondage, a prison with gloomy walls, “stuffy cells.” To remain in the monastery meant for him to forever renounce his homeland and freedom, to be doomed to eternal slavery and loneliness (“to be a slave and an orphan”). The author does not reveal the character of the boy who ended up in the monastery: he only depicts his physical weakness and timidity, then gives a few touches of his behavior, and the personality of the captive highlander emerges clearly. He is hardy (“He languished without complaint - not even a faint moan escaped from his children’s lips”), proud, distrustful, because he sees his enemies in the monks around him; from a very early age he is familiar with the unchildish feelings of loneliness and melancholy. There is also a direct author’s assessment of the boy’s behavior, which enhances the impression - Lermontov speaks of his powerful spirit, inherited from his fathers.
·What is the purpose of the escape? What does it mean for Mtsyri to be free? Find the answers in the text.
A) I thought of it a long time ago B) I lived little, and lived in captivity,
Look at the distant fields, Such are two lives in one,
To find out if the earth is beautiful, but only full of worries,
Find out, for freedom or prison, I would trade it if I could.
We were born into this world.
B) My flaming chest D) ...I have one goal
Hold another one to your chest with longing, Go to your native country
Although not familiar, but dear. Had it in my soul.
We conclude:
Mtsyri’s idea of freedom is connected with the dream of returning to his homeland. To be free means for him to escape from monastic captivity and return to his native village, to escape from a “stranger’s family.” While living in the monastery, the young man did not stop seeing “living dreams”:
About dear loved ones and relatives,
About the wild will of the steppes,
About light, mad horses,
About alien battles between the rocks...
The image of an unknown but desired “wonderful world of anxiety and battle” constantly lived in his soul.
IIWork on the image of Mtsyri.
1 The teacher's word.
The poem is romantic. His hero is not like the people around him, he denies their life values, strives for something different. Prove this idea with lines from Mtsyri’s confession.
I knew only the power of thoughts,
One, but fiery passion:
She lived inside me like a worm,
She tore her soul and burned it.
She called my dreams
From stuffy cells and prayers
In that wonderful world of anxiety of battles.
The main passion of the hero is the desire to live fully, in a world of struggle and freedom, outside the walls of the monastery, in his distant beloved homeland.
2 Working with text.
What did Mtsyri see and learn about life during his wanderings?
The answer is in chapter 6, half 9, 10, 11.
We conclude:
Mtsyri's personality and character are reflected in what pictures attract him and how he talks about them. He is struck by the richness and diversity of nature, contrasting with the monotonous monastery setting. And in the close attention with which the hero looks at the world, one can feel his love for life, for everything beautiful in it, sympathy for all living things.
In romantic fiction, an exceptional hero acts in exceptional circumstances. Re-read the passage from chapter 6. Prove that the poet painted a romantic landscape.
(From the words “I saw piles of dark rocks” to the words “In the snow, burning like diamond, the gray, unshakable Caucasus.”)
This landscape, of course, can be called romantic, because every detail of it is unusual, exotic - “mountain ranges, as bizarre as dreams,” smoke at dawn; along the banks of a mountain stream there are “piles of dark rocks”, snowy mountain peaks are hidden in the clouds.
At the beginning of the lesson we talked about Mtsyri, a prisoner who lived in a monastery. Even then he was a strong, proud young man, obsessed with a “fiery passion” - love for his homeland and freedom. But it is important to note that then, in the monastery, he himself did not know much about himself, because only real life tests a person and shows what he is.
What did Mtsyri learn about himself when he found himself free?
In freedom, Mtsyri’s love for his homeland was revealed with renewed vigor, which for the young man merged with the desire for freedom. If in the monastery the hero only languished with the desire for freedom, then in freedom he learned the “bliss of freedom” and became stronger in his thirst for earthly happiness. After being free for three days, Mtsyri learned that he was brave and fearless. Fearlessness, contempt for death and passionate love of life, thirst for fight and readiness for it are revealed in the battle with the leopard. Mtsyri’s “fiery passion” - love for his homeland - makes him purposeful and firm. He refuses possible happiness and love, overcomes the suffering of hunger, and in a desperate impulse tries through the forest for the purpose of “getting to his native country.” The death of this dream gives rise to despair in him, but in a desperate impulse Mtsyri appears not weak and defenseless, but a proud and brave man who rejected pity and compassion. Mtsyri is hardy. Tormented by the leopard, he forgets about his wounds and, gathering the rest of his strength, again tries to leave the forest.
What artistic means does the poet use when drawing his hero? Give examples.
Hyperboles : Oh, I'm like a brother,
I would be glad to embrace the storm!
I watched with the eyes of a cloud,
I caught lightning with my hand...
Metaphors : I am this passion in the darkness of the night
Nourished with tears and melancholy,
I gnawed at the damp breast of the earth...
Comparisons: I myself, like an animal, was alien to people,
Crawled and hid like a snake.
Detailed comparisons of Mtsyri with a horse and a greenhouse flower.
Epithets: But free youth is strong
And death seemed not scary.
IIIFeatures of Mtsyri as a romantic poem.
Where does the poem take place?
In the Caucasus, among the free and powerful Caucasian nature, kindred to the hero’s soul. But the hero languishes in the monastery.
Landscape paintings, mentions of wind, storm, birds, and animals are very important in the poem. What is the role of nature paintings in works?
They are related to the hero, and the call of freedom turns out to be irresistible, like the call of nature - a fish sings a love song to him, “like a brother” he is ready to embrace the storm, “like a beast” he is alien to people. And, on the contrary, nature is alien and hostile to the monks of the monastery: Mtsyri runs away “... at the hour of the night, a terrible hour, when the thunderstorm frightened you, when, crowded at the altar, you lay prostrate on the ground.”
The plot of the poem seems to be the usual romanticism - the hero, a seeker of freedom, escapes from the world of bondage. We will encounter such a situation in “Prisoner of the Caucasus” and “Gypsies”. But there is a twist in Lermontov’s poem that radically changes the traditional situation. The prisoner and Aleko break ties with their usual surroundings and go into a foreign, exotic world of freedom (to the Caucasus, to the gypsies), while Mtsyri flees from the foreign world forcibly imposed on him into the native, natural world.
Why do you think the poet changes the traditional situation?
Lermontov embodied in Mtsyri the passionate dream of a hero, a proud, free and strong man opposing his “shamefully indifferent” contemporaries, for whom “freedom” and “homeland” mean the same thing. A person must choose his own path - this is the poet’s credo.
Why did Lermontov choose the form of confession?
It helps the poet psychologically plausibly reveal Mtsyri’s inner world in a system of images and experiences. To understand Mtsyri’s character, you need to experience everything with him: monastic captivity, the joy of freedom, the rapture of fighting a leopard, the despair of not getting to his native country; hopelessness when he returns to his prison. Mtsyri's confession occupies almost the entire text space of the poem (it is only interrupted by a brief author's note) and is addressed to a specific character - an old monk, whom Mtsyri first calls in an aloof and hostile manner "old man", then in a Christian way - "father". The author's point of view on what is happening is not presented; it disappears after a brief exposition. The old monk does not utter a word in response to Mtsyri’s confession. Thus, the reader sees everything that happens to the hero only through his eyes, which contributes to the subjectivity characteristic of a romantic narrative. Confession is an important plot-forming element.
Conclusions:
1. Lermontov’s romanticism was not a departure from the modernity surrounding him, but, on the contrary, meant a thirst for its change and was an expression of the advanced ideals of the time.
2. The pathos of the romantic poem “Mtsyri” was the affirmation of the need for freedom for humans and the denial of slavery and humility.
3. At the center of the poem “Mtsyri” is not a complete individualist, but a strong man thirsting for happiness and life.
4. The poet praises not so much the hero himself as his ideals.
5. Both the character of the hero and the setting of the action were exceptional and at the same time artistically truthful.
IVTest.
1 The epigraph to the poem “Mtsyri” is taken from:
A) epics B) ancient Russian chronicles
B) Bible D) poems by Horace
2 What is the meaning of the epigraph?
A) rebellion against fate, against God
B) repentance, endless humility
C) protection of human rights to freedom
3 Determine the genre of the work.
D) the location of the action corresponds to the romantic orientation of the poem
13 What is the main idea of the work?
A) denial of the religious morality of asceticism and humility
B) longing for will
C) affirmation of the idea of fidelity to ideals in the face of death
D) a call to fight against any manifestation of despotism
VLesson summary, homework.
Prepare for a review essay on the poem “Mtsyri”.
