Modern scientific thought defines the Zodiac as twelve constellations located in a strip 18 degrees wide along the visible annual path of the Sun among the stars, called the Ecliptic, within which all the planets of the Solar System move.
Thus, it does not distinguish between the NATURAL Zodiac that exists in the sky and its ASTROLOGICAL concept, which astrologers operate with in their calculations.
On the first pages scientific works in Astrology you will find the following graphic images Zodiac (Fig. 1-4).
No one explains why it is possible to twist the Zodiac left and right and even “convert” it. Unless, of course, we take into account the following explanations: the right-sided Zodiac is a tribute to ancient traditions that cannot be violated; the left side is also a tribute, but to achievements modern science, which proved that it is not the Sun that revolves around the Earth, but the Earth that revolves around the Sun.
Further, after endowing each Zodiac sign and planet with certain qualitative characteristics, you, in fact, get the right to start an independent game of Astrology, which is best started by predicting your own destiny. And already during the course of the game, it is proposed to observe some non-rigid rules, the acceptance and observance of which depends mainly on the taste of the player, who is free to interpret these rules quite freely, to make his own additions and amendments to them, which are significant for him, since “the end justifies the means.”
Therefore, if we put together bit by bit from different sources the basic principles inherent in the concept of the Zodiac, you get the following, rather motley picture.
1. The apparent annual path of the Sun among the stars, or the Ecliptic, is a circle. That is, the movement of the Sun around the Earth is a cyclical process, and if only for this reason, the Astrological Zodiac should be round and not rectangular.
2. The zodiac circle is divided into 12 equal parts according to the number of Zodiac constellations, named exactly the same, in the same sequence as the Natural ones: Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, Pisces.
3. Each Zodiac sign has its own natural energy, the quality of which is determined by the group of stars or constellations that is located in it.
4. The energy of each planet has its own specific natural color, reflecting its individuality.
5. All processes occurring on Earth are brought to life by planetary energy, which is necessarily associated with it, and their course of development depends on the movement and relative position of the planets relative to each other.
6. The original quality of the energy of planets and zodiac signs does not change over time.
7. A planet, passing through the signs of the Zodiac, is additionally “colored” in the energy of the Sign through which it passes. (We are not yet considering the question of harmony and disharmony of this color.) Therefore, the quality of energy coming from the planet to Earth is constantly changing depending on which Zodiac sign it is in at the moment.
8. The beginning and end of the annual process of the movement of the Sun around the Earth is taken to be a natural rhythm, namely: The Vernal Equinox point is the equality of the length of day and night on March 21. It is believed that it is at this moment that the Sun enters the beginning of Aries, its zero degree, from which all the coordinates of the planets on the Zodiac circle for a given year are then calculated.
The equinox on Earth occurs at the moment when the Sun, in its movement, hits the point of intersection of the Ecliptic with the Celestial Equator. In turn, the position of the Celestial Equator is necessarily related to the angle of inclination of the constantly precessing Earth's axis to the plane of the Ecliptic. Consequently, the Vernal Equinox Point is not stationary, but mobile. Indeed, it moves along the Ecliptic at a speed of 1° in 72 years. Currently, this point is not in the zero degree of Aries, but in the first degree of Pisces. Thus, it turns out that the Natural and Astrological Zodiac are completely different things, and the entire modern scientific astrological basis is falling apart at the seams.
True, some astrologers involved in karmic Astrology believe that there are no contradictions here, but simply when constructing horoscopes it is necessary to make corrections to the coordinates of the planets, taking into account precession, and then everything will fall into place.
And let Aries become Pisces, Gemini Taurus, and so on, but this will not be considered a mistake; on the contrary, it will be a correction of the mistakes of those astrologers who are still mistaken in their calculations.
To confirm their correctness, they cite the horoscopes of two famous figures of our time: Vladimir Lenin and Adolf Hitler, who, according to ordinary Astrology, were born Taurus, but, according to the internal conviction of karmists, Taurus, allegedly, are not able to do what they did, and only transformation them in Aries makes their actions understandable, like two and two are four.
In order to understand this scientific chaos and determine specific guidelines in it, we will use the keys already known to us and first answer the main question: why modern scientific astrology fails?
The whole point is that modern astrologers, paying tribute to the achievements of modern science, and most importantly, so as not to be branded profane, in their theoretical reasoning proceed mainly from the HELIOCENTRIC picture of the World, but in their practical work use the achievements of ancient astrologers, who were guided by the ideas of GEOCENTRISM. The result is a mess.
We will be guided by the Canons of the Universe, but we will project them onto our planetary body. Therefore, for us, planet Earth will become the center of the Universe, that is, that specific focal point at which we will consider the manifestation of these laws and their individual coloring.
True motion of the Earth - Apparent annual motion of the Sun on the celestial sphere - Celestial equator and ecliptic plane - Equatorial coordinates of the Sun during the year
True Earth Motion
To understand the principle of the visible movement of the Sun and other bodies on the celestial sphere, let us first consider true motion of the earth. Earth is one of the planets. It continuously rotates around its axis.
Its rotation period is equal to one day, so it seems to an observer on Earth that all the celestial bodies revolve around the Earth from east to west with the same period.
But the Earth not only rotates around its axis, but also revolves around the Sun in an elliptical orbit. It completes a full revolution around the Sun in one year. The Earth's rotation axis is inclined to the orbital plane at an angle of 66°33′. The position of the axis in space when the Earth moves around the Sun remains almost unchanged all the time. Therefore, the Northern and Southern Hemispheres alternately face the Sun, resulting in a change of seasons on Earth.
When observing the sky, you can notice that the stars invariably maintain their relative positions over the course of many years.
The stars are “stationary” only because they are very far from us. The distance to them is so great that from any point in the earth’s orbit they are visible equally.
But the bodies solar system- The Sun, Moon and planets, which are relatively close to the Earth, and we can easily notice the change in their positions. Thus, the Sun, along with all the luminaries, participates in the daily movement and at the same time has its own visible movement (it is called annual movement), caused by the movement of the Earth around the Sun.
Apparent annual motion of the Sun on the celestial sphere
The most simple way to explain the annual movement of the Sun is in the figure below. From this figure it is clear that, depending on the position of the Earth in orbit, an observer from the Earth will see the Sun against a different background. It will seem to him that it is constantly moving across the celestial sphere. This movement is a reflection of the Earth's revolution around the Sun. In a year, the Sun will make a full revolution.
The great circle on the celestial sphere along which the apparent annual movement of the Sun occurs is called ecliptic. Ecliptic is a Greek word and translated means eclipse. This circle was named so because eclipses of the Sun and Moon occur only when both luminaries are on this circle.
It should be noted that the plane of the ecliptic coincides with the plane of the Earth's orbit.
The apparent annual movement of the Sun along the ecliptic occurs in the same direction in which the Earth moves in its orbit around the Sun, i.e. it moves to the east. During the year, the Sun successively passes along the ecliptic of 12 constellations, which form a belt and are called zodiacal.
The Zodiac belt is formed by the following constellations: Pisces, Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn and Aquarius. Due to the fact that the plane of the earth's equator is inclined to the plane of the earth's orbit by 23°27', celestial equator plane is also inclined to the ecliptic plane at an angle e=23°27′.
The inclination of the ecliptic to the equator does not remain constant (due to the influence of the gravitational forces of the Sun and Moon on the Earth), therefore, in 1896, when approving astronomical constants, it was decided to consider the inclination of the ecliptic to the equator as an average of 23°27’8″,26.
Celestial equator and ecliptic plane
The ecliptic intersects the celestial equator at two points called points of the spring and autumn equinoxes. The point of the vernal equinox is usually designated by the sign of the constellation Aries T, and the point of the autumn equinox by the sign of the constellation Libra -. The sun appears at these points on March 21 and September 23, respectively. These days on Earth, day is equal to night, the Sun rises precisely at the point of the east and sets at the point of the west.
The points of the spring and autumn equinoxes are the intersections of the equator and the ecliptic plane.
Points of the ecliptic that are 90° from the equinoxes are called solstices. Point E on the ecliptic, at which the Sun occupies the highest position relative to the celestial equator, is called summer solstice point, and point E’, at which it occupies the lowest position, is called winter solstice point.
The Sun appears at the summer solstice on June 22, and at the winter solstice on December 22. For several days close to the dates of the solstices, the midday altitude of the Sun remains almost unchanged, which is why these points received their name. When the Sun is at the summer solstice, the day in the Northern Hemisphere is longest and the night is shortest, and when it is at the winter solstice, the opposite is true.
On the day of the summer solstice, the points of sunrise and sunset are as far north as possible from the points of east and west on the horizon, and on the day of the winter solstice they are at their greatest distance to the south.
The movement of the Sun along the ecliptic leads to a continuous change in its equatorial coordinates, a daily change in the midday altitude and movement of the sunrise and sunset points along the horizon.
It is known that the declination of the Sun is measured from the plane of the celestial equator, and right ascension is measured from the point of the vernal equinox. Therefore, when the Sun is at the vernal equinox, its declination and right ascension are zero. During the year, the declination of the Sun currently varies from +23°26′ to -23°26′, passing through zero twice a year, and right ascension from 0 to 360°.
Equatorial coordinates of the Sun throughout the year
The equatorial coordinates of the Sun change unevenly throughout the year. This happens due to the uneven movement of the Sun along the ecliptic and the movement of the Sun along the ecliptic and the inclination of the ecliptic to the equator. The Sun travels half of its visible annual path in 186 days from March 21 to September 23, and the second half in 179 days from September 23 to March 21.
The uneven movement of the Sun along the ecliptic is due to the fact that the Earth does not move in orbit at the same speed throughout the entire period of its orbit around the Sun. The Sun is located at one of the foci of the Earth's elliptical orbit.
From Kepler's second law it is known that the line connecting the Sun and the planet describes in equal periods of time equal areas. According to this law, the Earth, being closest to the Sun, i.e. perihelion, moves faster, and being farthest from the Sun, i.e. in aphelion- slower.
The Earth is closer to the Sun in winter, and further away in summer. Therefore, on winter days it moves in orbit faster than on summer days. As a result, the daily change in the direct ascension of the Sun on the day of the winter solstice is 1°07′, while on the day of the summer solstice it is only 1°02′.
The difference in the speed of the Earth's movement at each point in the orbit causes uneven changes in not only the right ascension, but also the declination of the Sun. However, due to the inclination of the ecliptic to the equator, its change has a different character. The declination of the Sun changes most rapidly near the equinox points, and at the solstices it remains almost unchanged.
Knowing the nature of changes in the equatorial coordinates of the Sun allows us to make an approximate calculation of the right ascension and declination of the Sun.
To perform this calculation, take the nearest date with known equatorial coordinates of the Sun. Then it is taken into account that the direct ascension of the Sun changes by an average of 1° per day, and the declination of the Sun during the month before and after the passage of the equinox points changes by 0.4° per day; during the month before and after the solstices - by 0.1° per day, and during the intermediate months between the indicated ones - by 0.3°.
§ 52. Apparent annual motion of the Sun and its explanation
Observing the daily movement of the Sun throughout the year, one can easily notice a number of features in its movement that differ from the daily movement of stars. The most typical of them are the following.1. The place of sunrise and sunset, and therefore its azimuth, changes from day to day. Starting from March 21 (when the Sun rises at the point of the east and sets at the point of the west) to September 23, the sun rises in the north-east quarter, and sunset - in the north-west. At the beginning of this time, the points of sunrise and sunset move to the north, and then to reverse direction. On September 23, just like on March 21, the Sun rises at the east point and sets at the west point. Starting from September 23 to March 21, a similar phenomenon will repeat in the southeast and southwest quarters. The movement of sunrise and sunset points has a one-year period.
The stars always rise and set at the same points on the horizon.
2. The meridional altitude of the Sun changes every day. For example, in Odessa (average = 46°.5 N) on June 22 it will be greatest and equal to 67°, then it will begin to decrease and on December 22 it will reach lowest value 20°. After December 22, the meridional altitude of the Sun will begin to increase. This is also a one-year phenomenon. The meridional altitude of stars is always constant. 3. The duration of time between the culminations of any star and the Sun is constantly changing, while the duration of time between two culminations of the same stars remains constant. Thus, at midnight we see those constellations culminating that given time are on the opposite side of the sphere from the Sun. Then some constellations give way to others, and over the course of a year at midnight all the constellations will culminate in turn.
4. The length of the day (or night) is not constant throughout the year. This is especially noticeable if you compare the length of summer and winter days in high latitudes, for example in Leningrad. This happens because the time the Sun is above the horizon varies throughout the year. The stars are always above the horizon for the same amount of time.
Thus, the Sun, in addition to the daily movement performed jointly with the stars, also has a visible movement around the sphere with an annual period. This movement is called visible the annual movement of the Sun across the celestial sphere.
We will get the most clear idea of this movement of the Sun if we determine its equatorial coordinates every day - right ascension a and declination b. Then, using the found values of the coordinates, we plot the points on the auxiliary celestial sphere and connect them with a smooth curve. As a result, we obtain a large circle on the sphere, which will indicate the path of the visible annual movement of the Sun. The circle on the celestial sphere along which the Sun moves is called the ecliptic. The plane of the ecliptic is inclined to the plane of the equator at a constant angle g = =23°27", which is called the angle of inclination ecliptic to equator(Fig. 82).
Rice. 82.
The apparent annual movement of the Sun along the ecliptic occurs in the direction opposite to the rotation of the celestial sphere, that is, from west to east. The ecliptic intersects the celestial equator at two points, which are called the equinox points. The point at which the Sun passes from the southern hemisphere to the northern, and therefore changes the name of the declination from southern to northern (i.e. from bS to bN), is called the point spring equinox and is designated by the Y icon. This icon denotes the constellation Aries, in which this point was once located. Therefore, it is sometimes called the Aries point. Currently, point T is located in the constellation Pisces.
The opposite point at which the Sun passes from the northern hemisphere to the southern and changes the name of its declination from b N to b S is called point of the autumnal equinox. It is designated by the symbol of the constellation Libra O, in which it was once located. Currently, the autumn equinox point is in the constellation Virgo.
Point L is called summer point, and point L" - a point winter solstice.
Let's follow the apparent movement of the Sun along the ecliptic throughout the year.
The Sun arrives at the vernal equinox on March 21st. The right ascension a and declination b of the Sun are zero. Throughout the globe, the Sun rises at point O st and sets at point W, and day is equal to night. Starting March 21, the Sun moves along the ecliptic towards the summer solstice point. The right ascension and declination of the Sun are continuously increasing. It is astronomical spring in the northern hemisphere, and autumn in the southern hemisphere.
On June 22, approximately 3 months later, the Sun comes to the summer solstice point L. The sun's right ascension is a = 90°, a declination b = 23°27"N. In the northern hemisphere, astronomical summer begins (the longest days and short nights), and in the south it is winter (the longest nights and shortest days). As the Sun moves further, its northern declination begins to decrease, but its right ascension continues to increase.
About three more months later, on September 23, the Sun comes to the point of the autumnal equinox Q. The direct ascension of the Sun is a=180°, declination b=0°. Since b = 0 ° (like March 21), then for all points on the earth’s surface the Sun rises at point O st and sets at point W. Day will be equal to night. The name of the declination of the Sun changes from northern 8n to southern - bS. In the northern hemisphere, astronomical autumn begins, and in the southern hemisphere, spring begins. With further movement of the Sun along the ecliptic to the winter solstice point U, declination 6 and right ascension aO increase.
On December 22, the Sun comes to the winter solstice point L". Right ascension a=270° and declination b=23°27"S. Astronomical winter begins in the northern hemisphere, and summer begins in the southern hemisphere.
After December 22, the Sun moves to point T. The name of its declination remains southern, but decreases, and its right ascension increases. Approximately 3 months later, on March 21, the Sun, having completed a full revolution along the ecliptic, returns to the point of Aries.
Changes in the right ascension and declination of the Sun do not remain constant throughout the year. For approximate calculations, the daily change in the right ascension of the Sun is taken equal to 1°. The change in declination per day is taken to be 0°.4 for one month before the equinox and one month after, and the change is 0°.1 for one month before the solstices and one month after the solstices; the rest of the time, the change in solar declination is taken to be 0°.3.
The peculiarity of changes in the right ascension of the Sun plays an important role in the choice of basic units for measuring time.
The vernal equinox point moves along the ecliptic towards the annual movement of the Sun. Its annual movement is 50", 27 or rounded 50",3 (for 1950). Consequently, the Sun does not reach its original place relative to fixed stars by an amount of 50",3. For the Sun to travel the indicated path, it will take 20 m m 24 s. For this reason, spring
It occurs before the Sun completes its visible annual motion, a full circle of 360° relative to the fixed stars. The shift in the moment of the onset of spring was discovered by Hipparchus in the 2nd century. BC e. from observations of stars that he made on the island of Rhodes. He called this phenomenon the anticipation of the equinoxes, or precession.
The phenomenon of moving the vernal equinox point caused the need to introduce the concepts of tropical and sidereal years. The tropical year is the period of time during which the Sun makes a full revolution across the celestial sphere relative to the vernal equinox point T. “The duration of the tropical year is 365.2422 days. The tropical year is consistent with natural phenomena and precisely contains the full cycle of the seasons of the year: spring, summer, autumn and winter.
A sidereal year is the period of time during which the Sun makes a complete revolution across the celestial sphere relative to the stars. The length of a sidereal year is 365.2561 days. The sidereal year is longer than the tropical year.
In its apparent annual movement across the celestial sphere, the Sun passes among various stars located along the ecliptic. Even in ancient times, these stars were divided into 12 constellations, most of which were given the names of animals. The strip of sky along the ecliptic formed by these constellations was called the Zodiac (circle of animals), and the constellations were called zodiacal.
According to the seasons of the year, the Sun passes through the following constellations:
From the joint movement of the annual Sun along the ecliptic and the daily movement due to the rotation of the celestial sphere, the general movement of the Sun along a spiral line is created. The extreme parallels of this line are located on both sides of the equator at distances of = 23°.5.
On June 22, when the Sun describes the extreme diurnal parallel in the northern celestial hemisphere, it is in the constellation Gemini. In the distant past, the Sun was in the constellation Cancer. On December 22, the Sun is in the constellation Sagittarius, and in the past it was in the constellation Capricorn. Therefore, the northernmost celestial parallel was called the Tropic of Cancer, and the southern one was called the Tropic of Capricorn. The corresponding terrestrial parallels with latitudes cp = bemach = 23°27" in the northern hemisphere were called the Tropic of Cancer, or the northern tropic, and in the southern hemisphere - the Tropic of Capricorn, or the southern tropic.
The joint movement of the Sun, which occurs along the ecliptic with the simultaneous rotation of the celestial sphere, has a number of features: the length of the daily parallel above and below the horizon changes (and therefore the duration of day and night), the meridional heights of the Sun, the points of sunrise and sunset, etc. . d. All these phenomena depend on the relationship between geographical latitude location and declination of the Sun. Therefore, for an observer located at different latitudes, they will be different.
Let's consider these phenomena at some latitudes:
1. The observer is at the equator, cp = 0°. The axis of the world lies in the plane of the true horizon. The celestial equator coincides with the first vertical. The diurnal parallels of the Sun are parallel to the first vertical, therefore the Sun in its daily movement never crosses the first vertical. The sun rises and sets daily. Day is always equal to night. The Sun is at its zenith twice a year - on March 21 and September 23.
Rice. 83.
2. The observer is at latitude φ
3. The observer is at latitude 23°27"
4. The observer is at latitude φ > 66°33"N or S (Fig. 83). The belt is polar. Parallels φ = 66°33"N or S are called polar circles. In the polar zone, polar days and nights can be observed, that is, when the Sun is above the horizon for more than a day or below the horizon for more than a day. The longer the polar days and nights, the greater the latitude. The sun rises and sets only on those days when its declination is less than 90°-φ.
5. The observer is at the pole φ=90°N or S. The axis of the world coincides with the plumb line and, therefore, the equator with the plane of the true horizon. The observer's meridian position will be uncertain, so parts of the world are missing. During the day, the Sun moves parallel to the horizon.
On the days of the equinoxes, polar sunrises or sunsets occur. On the days of the solstices, the height of the Sun reaches highest values. The altitude of the Sun is always equal to its declination. The polar day and polar night last for 6 months.
Thus, due to various astronomical phenomena caused by the combined daily and annual movement of the Sun at different latitudes (passage through the zenith, polar day and night phenomena) and the climatic features caused by these phenomena, the earth's surface is divided into tropical, temperate and polar zones.
Tropical zone is the part of the earth's surface (between latitudes φ=23°27"N and 23°27"S) in which the Sun rises and sets every day and is at its zenith twice during the year. The tropical zone occupies 40% of the entire earth's surface.
Temperate zone called the part of the earth's surface in which the Sun rises and sets every day, but is never at its zenith. There are two temperate zones. In the northern hemisphere, between latitudes φ = 23°27"N and φ = 66°33"N, and in the southern hemisphere, between latitudes φ=23°27"S and φ = 66°33"S. Temperate zones occupy 50% of the earth's surface.
Polar belt called the part of the earth's surface in which polar days and nights are observed. There are two polar zones. The northern polar belt extends from latitude φ = 66°33"N to the north pole, and the southern one - from φ = 66°33"S to the south pole. They occupy 10% of the earth's surface.
For the first time, the correct explanation of the visible annual movement of the Sun across the celestial sphere was given by Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543). He showed that the annual movement of the Sun across the celestial sphere is not its actual movement, but only an apparent one, reflecting the annual movement of the Earth around the Sun. The Copernican world system was called heliocentric. According to this system, at the center of the solar system is the Sun, around which the planets move, including our Earth.
The Earth simultaneously participates in two movements: it rotates around its axis and moves in an ellipse around the Sun. The rotation of the Earth around its axis causes the cycle of day and night. Its movement around the Sun causes the change of seasons. The combined rotation of the Earth around its axis and movement around the Sun causes the visible movement of the Sun across the celestial sphere.
To explain the apparent annual motion of the Sun across the celestial sphere, we will use Fig. 84. The Sun S is located in the center, around which the Earth moves counterclockwise. The earth's axis remains unchanged in space and makes an angle with the ecliptic plane equal to 66°33". Therefore, the equator plane is inclined to the ecliptic plane at an angle e=23°27". Next comes the celestial sphere with the ecliptic and the signs of the Zodiac constellations marked on it in their modern location.
The Earth enters position I on March 21. When viewed from the Earth, the Sun is projected onto the celestial sphere at point T, currently located in the constellation Pisces. The declination of the Sun is 0°. An observer located at the Earth's equator sees the Sun at its zenith at noon. All earthly parallels are half illuminated, so at all points on the earth's surface day is equal to night. Astronomical spring begins in the northern hemisphere, and autumn begins in the southern hemisphere.
Rice. 84.
The Earth enters position II on June 22. Declination of the Sun b=23°,5N. When viewed from Earth, the Sun is projected into the constellation Gemini. For an observer located at latitude φ=23°.5N, (The sun passes through the zenith at noon. Most of the daily parallels are illuminated in the northern hemisphere and a smaller part in the southern hemisphere. The northern polar zone is illuminated and the southern one is not illuminated. In the northern, the polar day lasts, and in the southern hemisphere it is polar night. In the northern hemisphere of the Earth, the rays of the Sun fall almost vertically, and in the southern hemisphere - at an angle, so astronomical summer begins in the northern hemisphere, and winter in the southern hemisphere.
The Earth enters position III on September 23. The declination of the Sun is bo = 0 ° and it is projected at the point of Libra, which is now located in the constellation Virgo. An observer located at the equator sees the Sun at its zenith at noon. All earthly parallels are half illuminated by the Sun, so at all points on the Earth day is equal to night. In the northern hemisphere, astronomical autumn begins, and in the southern hemisphere, spring begins.
On December 22, the Earth comes to position IV. The Sun is projected into the constellation Sagittarius. Declination of the Sun 6=23°.5S. In the southern hemisphere, more of the diurnal parallels are illuminated than in the northern, so in the southern hemisphere the day is longer than the night, and in the northern hemisphere it is vice versa. The sun's rays fall almost vertically into the southern hemisphere, and at an angle into the northern hemisphere. Therefore, astronomical summer begins in the southern hemisphere, and winter begins in the northern hemisphere. The sun illuminates the southern polar zone and does not illuminate the northern one. The southern polar zone experiences polar day, while the northern zone experiences night.
Corresponding explanations can be given for other intermediate positions of the Earth.
Forward
Table of contents
Back
Place a chair in the middle of the room and, facing it, make several circles around it. And it doesn’t matter that the chair is motionless - it will seem to you that it is moving in space, because it will be visible against the background of various objects in the room.
In the same way, the Earth revolves around the Sun, and to us, the inhabitants of the Earth, it seems that the Sun moves against the background of the stars, making a full revolution across the sky in one year. This movement of the Sun is called annual. In addition, the Sun, like all others celestial bodies, participates in the daily movement of the sky.
The path among the stars along which the annual movement of the Sun occurs is called the ecliptic.
The Sun makes a full revolution along the ecliptic in a year, i.e. approximately in 365 days, so the Sun moves by 360°/365≈1° per day.
Since the Sun moves approximately along the same path from year to year, i.e. The position of the ecliptic among the stars changes over time very, very slowly; the ecliptic can be plotted on a star map:
Here the purple line is the celestial equator. Above it is the part of the northern hemisphere of the sky adjacent to the equator, below is the equatorial part of the southern hemisphere.
The thick wavy line represents the annual path of the Sun across the sky, i.e. ecliptic. At the top it is written which season of the year begins in the northern hemisphere of the Earth when the Sun is in the corresponding area of the sky.
The image of the Sun on the map moves along the ecliptic from right to left.
During the year, the Sun manages to visit 12 zodiac constellations and one more - Ophiuchus (from November 29 to December 17),
There are four special points on the ecliptic.
BP is the point of the vernal equinox. The sun, passing through the vernal equinox, falls from the southern hemisphere of the sky to the northern.
LS is the point of the summer solstice, a point on the ecliptic located in the northern hemisphere of the sky and farthest from the celestial equator.
OR is the point of the autumnal equinox. The sun, passing through the autumn equinox, falls from the northern hemisphere of the sky into the southern.
ZS is the winter solstice point, a point on the ecliptic located in the southern hemisphere of the sky and farthest from the celestial equator.
|
Ecliptic point |
The sun is at a given point on the ecliptic |
Beginning of the astronomical season |
|
Spring equinox |
||
|
Summer Solstice |
||
|
Autumn equinox |
||
|
Winter Solstice |
Finally, how do you know that the Sun is actually moving across the sky among the stars?
Currently, this is not a problem at all, because... most bright stars are visible through a telescope even during the day, so the movement of the Sun among the stars with the help of a telescope can, if desired, be seen with your own eyes.
In the pre-telescopic era, astronomers measured the length of the shadow of a gnomon, a vertical pole, which allowed them to determine the angular distance of the Sun from the celestial equator. In addition, they observed not the Sun itself, but stars diametrically opposite to the Sun, i.e. those stars that were highest above the horizon at midnight. As a result, ancient astronomers determined the position of the Sun in the sky and, consequently, the position of the ecliptic among the stars.
Modern scientific thought defines the Zodiac as twelve constellations located in a strip 18 degrees wide along the visible annual path of the Sun among the stars, called the Ecliptic, within which all the planets of the Solar System move.Thus, it does not distinguish between the NATURAL Zodiac that exists in the sky and its ASTROLOGICAL concept, which astrologers operate with in their calculations.
On the first pages of scientific works on Astrology you will find the following graphic images of the Zodiac (Fig. 1-4).
No one explains why it is possible to twist the Zodiac left and right and even “convert” it. Unless, of course, we take into account such explanations: the right-sided Zodiac is a tribute to ancient traditions that cannot be violated; left-handed is also a tribute, but to the achievements of modern science, which has proven that it is not the Sun that revolves around the Earth, but the Earth that revolves around the Sun.
Further, after endowing each Zodiac sign and planet with certain qualitative characteristics, you, in fact, get the right to start an independent game of Astrology, which is best started by predicting your own destiny. And already during the course of the game, it is proposed to observe some non-rigid rules, the acceptance and observance of which depends mainly on the taste of the player, who is free to interpret these rules quite freely, to make his own additions and amendments to them, which are significant for him, since “the end justifies the means.”
Therefore, if we put together bit by bit from different sources the basic principles inherent in the concept of the Zodiac, we will get the following, rather motley picture.
1. The apparent annual path of the Sun among the stars, or the Ecliptic, is a circle. That is, the movement of the Sun around the Earth is a cyclical process, and if only for this reason, the Astrological Zodiac should be round and not rectangular.
2. The Zodiac circle is divided into 12 equal parts according to the number of Zodiac constellations, named exactly the same, in the same sequence as the Natural ones: Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, Fish.
3. Each Zodiac sign has its own natural energy, the quality of which is determined by the group of stars or constellations that is located in it.
4. The energy of each planet has its own specific natural color, reflecting its individuality.
5. All processes occurring on Earth are brought to life by planetary energy, which is necessarily associated with it, and their course of development depends on the movement and relative position of the planets relative to each other.
6. The original quality of the energy of planets and zodiac signs does not change over time.
7. A planet, passing through the signs of the Zodiac, is additionally “colored” in the energy of the Sign through which it passes. (We are not yet considering the question of harmony and disharmony of this color.) Therefore, the quality of energy coming from the planet to Earth is constantly changing depending on which Zodiac sign it is in at the moment.
8. The beginning and end of the annual process of the movement of the Sun around the Earth is taken to be a natural rhythm, namely: The Vernal Equinox point is the equality of the length of day and night on March 21. It is believed that it is at this moment that the Sun enters the beginning of Aries, its zero degree, from which all the coordinates of the planets on the Zodiac circle for a given year are then calculated.
The equinox on Earth occurs at the moment when the Sun, in its movement, hits the point of intersection of the Ecliptic with the Celestial Equator. In turn, the position of the Celestial Equator is necessarily related to the angle of inclination of the constantly precessing Earth's axis to the plane of the Ecliptic. Consequently, the Vernal Equinox Point is not stationary, but mobile. Indeed, it moves along the Ecliptic at a speed of 1° in 72 years. Currently, this point is not in the zero degree of Aries, but in the first degree of Pisces. Thus, it turns out that the Natural and Astrological Zodiac are completely different things, and the entire modern scientific astrological basis is coming apart at the seams.
True, some astrologers involved in karmic Astrology believe that there are no contradictions here, but simply when constructing horoscopes it is necessary to make corrections to the coordinates of the planets, taking into account precession, and then everything will fall into place.
And let Aries become Pisces, Gemini Taurus, and so on, but this will not be considered a mistake; on the contrary, it will be a correction of the mistakes of those astrologers who are still mistaken in their calculations.
To confirm their correctness, they cite the horoscopes of two famous figures of our time: Vladimir Lenin and Adolf Hitler, who, according to ordinary Astrology, were born Taurus, but, according to the internal conviction of karmists, Taurus, allegedly, are not able to do what they did, and only transformation them in Aries makes their actions understandable, like two and two are four.
In order to understand this scientific chaos and determine specific guidelines in it, we will use the keys already known to us and first answer the main question: why does modern scientific Astrology fail?
The thing is that modern astrologers, paying tribute to the achievements of modern science, and most importantly, so as not to be branded as laymen, in their theoretical reasoning proceed mainly from the HELIOCENTRIC picture of the World, but in their practical work they use the achievements of ancient astrologers, who were guided by the ideas GEOCENTRISM. The result is a mess.
We will be guided by the Canons of the Universe, but we will project them onto our planetary body. Therefore, for us, planet Earth will become the center of the Universe, that is, that specific focal point at which we will consider the manifestation of these laws and their individual coloring.
