After finishing 10th grade at summer holidays I went to Dagestan. Usually you are constantly surrounded by relatives there. But one day I was left in Makhachkala, left to my own devices. And he went for a walk around the city. This was probably my first independent walk through a foreign city. I walked along Gamidov Avenue towards the mountains. And, suddenly, I saw a sign “Islamic shop”. No matter how strange it may seem, my first acquisition in Dagestan was an Arabic script.

Arriving at my uncle's house, I opened it. There were all types of writing letters and their pronunciation was explained in relation to the Dagestan alphabet “The letter ع approximately corresponds to the Arabic gI”, “The letter ح is similar to the Avar xI”. Together with ظ, these were the most difficult letters for me, because... it was hard to imagine how to pronounce them, and the others were mostly in my language. So I began to learn to read Arabic on my own. An ordinary Russian teenager, far from religion. Then I went to my grandfather’s mountain village. It was a time filled with the events of adolescence, when you try a lot for the first time. Along with all this, I tried to learn Arabic. What moved me when I bought this recipe is still mystical for me.

I recently found my first attempts to write in Arabic, which I began just that summer in the village with my grandfather.
Over the summer I learned to read. But then I abandoned this business for many years and remained stuck on this knowledge. The Arabic language seemed something unusually distant and incomprehensible. And my lifestyle was far from learning this language.

Then, already in my 4th year at university, I started doing namaz, started going to the mosque, and met Muslims. One Friday in the mosque I said hello to one of my friends:

- Assalamu alaikum! How are you? What are you doing?
- Wa alaikumu piss! Alhamdulillah. Here, I’m studying Arabic.
- How do you study? Are there any courses?
— No, on your own, using the textbook “Learn to read the Koran in Arabic.”

Then this brother went to Kazan to study and there he got new textbooks, and he sold Lebedev’s books “Learn to Read the Koran in Arabic” to me for 500 rubles when he returned from Kazan on his first vacation.

I worked as a night security guard in a store and took this book with me on duty. I started reading it in my free moments between the fights of the local drunks and until I fell asleep. As soon as I started reading the book, I thought, “Subhanallah, this Arabic language is so easy to learn.”

For so many years I was stupidly able to read and had difficulty memorizing the verses of the Koran - and now I began to understand the logic of the entire language!

My delight knew no bounds. I finished the first book in a month. I didn’t even memorize the words there - I just carefully studied the new rules and read the exercises for them.

Then I got my hands on a textbook" First Arabic lessons ". I began to simply learn a lesson a day (they are very small there). I simply learned new words in the morning - and then repeated them all day (on the bus, while walking, etc.). After a couple of months I already knew almost 60 lessons by heart - all the words and figures of speech that were found in them.

After 2 months of classes, I was visiting an Arab and was surprised to discover that I could communicate in Arabic without speaking a word in Russian!!! It started out as a joke. I said hello in Arabic and my friend answered. Then I asked something else and he answered in Arabic again. And when the dialogue began, it was as if there was no turning back. It was as if we didn’t know Russian. My knees were shaking with happiness.

Previously, I needed to learn the Koran “photographically” - stupidly remember the order of all the letters in words. For example, it took me several days to memorize Surah An-Nas. And after I have learned the basics of grammar, I can read Krachkovsky’s translation and the Arabic text of the verse once (matching the translation to each Arabic word), repeat it a couple of times - and the verse is remembered. If you go through a small surah like this (like An-Naba “The Message”). After half an hour of studying, I can look at Krachkovsky’s translation and read the sura in Arabic (essentially from memory). The most difficult thing is usually to remember the order of the verses.

My tragedy is that having learned to read (it took about two months on my own and unsystematically), I simply did not imagine that it was possible, after spending the same amount of time, to learn the basics of grammar and, if I made an effort and developed an active vocabulary— you can speak Arabic very soon.

The biggest problem for many people is that they think of language as an impregnable fortress that will take many years to storm and siege. And only after that you will master it. In fact, learning a language is better thought of as a small cottage that you build piece by piece. Having studied basic grammar (changing verbs by persons and tenses, changing cases, etc. - this is a brochure of 40 pages in length) - consider that you have laid the foundation. Next, an opportunity arose - we built a room where we could live and moved there. Then - the kitchen. Then they built a living room, a nursery, and all the other rooms. I saw how houses were built in this way in Dagestan. Instead of renting an apartment, they buy an inexpensive plot of land, pour the foundation and build at least one room where they move. And then, as far as possible, they continue to build the house on the already poured foundation.



If suddenly someone wants to follow my path, which I consider optimal for those who do it mainly on their own, for example, in their free time from their main studies or work, I have prepared a selection of materials (now they have become more accessible and better).

1. Learn to read and write

→ Talking textbook (a self-instruction manual on reading and writing with voiceover of each word and many tips)

2. Basics of grammar.To study grammar, it is better to arm yourself with many books and choose the one that suits you best. The same rule can be given in different words in different books - so you can consider incomprehensible moments with different sides. Start with one book and download others as needed.

→ Lebedev. Learn to read the Quran in Arabic — an unobtrusive explanation of the basics of grammar using the example of verses from the Koran (I personally went through the first volume. I hated studying foreign languages ​​all my life, but I read this book as fiction, and I realized that Arabic is my language).

→ Yashukov. Arabic grammar tutorial - a compressed volume of 40 pages gives all the basics (a brief summary of any textbook).

→ Khaibullin. Arabic grammar . A new thorough textbook, containing the basics of grammar with numerous examples, as well as the basics of morphology. Very accessible language and sparing volume.

→ Rules of the Arabic language in a simplified and simplified form . (I haven’t tried it myself, but I’ve heard reviews from friends).

→ Kovalev, Sharbatov. Arabic textbook . (A classic of the genre. It is usually used as a reference book where you can find any grammar question).

I think these books should be enough to spare. If you are not satisfied, google Kuzmina, Ibragimov, Frolova and others.

3. Develop an active vocabulary

→ First Arabic lessons . - read the preface to this book carefully and you will understand everything. I actually lived with this book for several months until I learned 100 lessons. If you repeat “my feat,” you will feel close to the Arab world—jokes aside.

4. Language practice

→ Get to know the Arabs, try to communicate with them. For example, you can look for students in the mosque who have just arrived in Russia and speak Russian poorly. If you are hospitable and not intrusive, you can develop very warm and friendly relations. You can learn the language directly from a native speaker. ). This way you can Google materials that interest you, your favorite nasheeds on YouTube, etc. You will be able to plunge into the Arabic Internet, participate in their forums, discussions, make friends on FaceBook, etc.

Which is gaining popularity every year. Studying Arabic has its own characteristics, which are related to the structure of the language itself, as well as pronunciation and writing. This must be taken into account when choosing a training program.

Prevalence

Arabic belongs to the Semitic group. In terms of the number of native speakers, Arabic ranks second in the world after Chinese.

Arabic is spoken by about 350 million people in 23 countries where the language is considered an official language. These countries include Egypt, Algeria, Iraq, Sudan, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Bahrain, Palestine and many others. Also, the language is one of the official ones in Israel. Taking this factor into account, learning Arabic presupposes a preliminary selection of the dialect that will be used in a particular country, since, despite many similar elements, in different countries language has its own distinctive features.

Dialects

Modern Arabic can be divided into 5 large groups of dialects, which from a linguistic point of view can practically be called different languages. The fact is that the lexical and grammatical differences in languages ​​are so great that people speaking different dialects and not knowing the literary language practically cannot understand each other. The following groups of dialects are distinguished:

  • Maghreb.
  • Egyptian-Sudanese.
  • Syro-Mesopotamian.
  • Arabian.
  • Central Asian.

A separate niche is occupied by modern standard Arabic, which, however, is practically not used in colloquial speech.

Features of the study

Learning Arabic from scratch is not an easy task, since after Chinese it is considered one of the most difficult in the world. Mastering Arabic takes much longer than learning any European language. This applies to both classes with teachers.

Studying Arabic on your own is a difficult path, which is best avoided at first. This is due to several factors. Firstly, the letter is very complex, which is not similar to either the Latin or Cyrillic alphabet, which is written from right to left, and also does not involve the use of vowels. Secondly, the structure of language itself, in particular morphology and grammar, is complex.

What should you pay attention to before you start studying?

A program for learning Arabic should be built taking into account the following factors:

  • Having enough time. Learning a language takes several times longer than learning other languages.
  • Opportunities for both independent work, and for classes in a group or with a private teacher. Studying Arabic in Moscow gives you the opportunity to combine different options.
  • Inclusion in the learning process of different aspects: writing, reading, listening and, of course, speaking.

We must not forget that you need to decide on the choice of a specific dialect. Learning Arabic varies depending on this factor. In particular, the dialects in Egypt and Iraq are so different that their speakers cannot always understand each other. A way out of the situation may be to study Arabic literary language, which has a more complex structure, but is understandable in all countries of the Arab world, since dialects traditionally have a more simplified form. Despite this, this option also has its negative sides. Although the literary language is understood by all countries, it is practically not spoken. A situation may arise that a person who speaks a literary language will not be able to understand people who speak a certain dialect. In this case, the choice depends on the purposes of the study. If you want to use a language in different countries, then the choice should be made towards the literary version. If a language is studied for work in a specific Arab country, preference should be given to the corresponding dialect.

Vocabulary of the language

Learning Arabic is impossible without using words and phrases, which in this case have characteristic differences in comparison with European languages. This is due to the fact that in Europe languages ​​intertwined and strongly influenced each other, due to which they have many common lexical units. Almost all the vocabulary of the Arabic language has its original origin, which practically cannot be associated with others. The number of borrowings from other languages ​​is present, but it takes up no more than one percent of the dictionary.

The difficulty of learning also lies in the fact that the Arabic language is characterized by the presence of synonyms, homonyms and polysemantic words, which can seriously confuse people who are starting to learn the language. In Arabic, both newer words and very old ones are intertwined, which do not have specific connections with each other, but denote almost identical objects and phenomena.

Phonetics and pronunciation

Literary Arabic and its numerous dialects are characterized by the presence of a very developed phonetic system, in particular with regard to consonants: glottal, interdental and emphatic. Difficulty in learning is also represented by all sorts of combinatorial possibilities of pronunciation.

Many Arab countries are trying to bring the spoken pronunciation of words closer to the literary language. This is primarily due to the religious context, in particular to correct reading Koran. Despite this, despite at the moment there is no single point of view on how to correctly read certain endings, since ancient texts do not have vowels - signs to indicate vowel sounds, which does not allow us to correctly state how exactly one word or another should be pronounced.

Arabic is one of the most widely spoken and also one of the most difficult languages ​​to learn in the world. The difficulty lies in the special letter without vowels, multi-level morphology and grammar, as well as special pronunciation. An important factor when learning a language is also the choice of dialect, since Arabic sounds very differently in different countries.

The Arabic language has historically begun to flourish in the world thanks to the development and spread of Islam as one of the world's largest religions. It is known that Arabic is the language of the Koran - the Holy Book of Islam. This main language Muslims

What is interesting to know for everyone who is going to learn Arabic for beginners

1. Where is Arabic spoken?

Arabic - official language 22 countries and is the mother tongue of more than 200 million people, spread geographically from southeast Asia to northwest Africa, better known as the Arab World.

"Classical" Arabic, known as the language of the Qur'an, is the language in which the Qur'an is written and is basic language for the syntactic and grammatical norms of modern Arabic. It is this classical Arabic language that is taught in religious schools and in all Arabic schools around the world.

"Modern Standard" Arabic is similar to the classical language, but easier and simpler. It is understood by most Arabs and is used on television, spoken by politicians, and studied by foreigners. Most Arabic newspapers and modern literature use Modern Standard Arabic.
Arabic spoken language has many different dialects. For example, a native resident of Iraq will have difficulty understanding a local resident of Algeria and vice versa, since they speak completely different dialects. But both of them will be able to communicate with each other if they use Modern Standard Arabic.

2. What any of us already knows about the Arabic language

  • A lot of words came to us from Arabic, and we all know them, for example:

قطن, koton
سكر, sugar
غزال, gazelle
قيثارة, guitar
الكحول, alcohol
صحراء , Sahara
قيراط, carat
ليمون, lemon

  • Arabic uses the same punctuation as any other language foreign language, such as English, but Arabic has slightly different punctuation marks, such as a reversed comma (،) or a mirrored question mark (؟).

3. How difficult is it to learn Arabic?

  • Pronunciation difficulties

Many sounds in Arabic are pronounced in a guttural manner, as if they are formed deep inside the throat - so it takes practice to learn how to pronounce them correctly.

  • Word order in a sentence

Any sentence in Arabic begins with a verb, so to say “the boy is eating an apple”, you need to say “the boy is eating an apple”:
اكل الولد التفاحة .

  • Adjectives are placed after the noun:

السيارة الحمراء - red car

  • Sentences are written from right to left, so the first page of the book, for us Europeans, will be considered the last.

4. How can Arabic help in the future for beginners?

  • Arabic belongs to the Semitic group of languages, therefore it has much in common with languages ​​such as Amharic and Hebrew. Therefore, those who can learn Arabic will understand other languages ​​of the Semitic group more clearly.
  • Languages ​​such as Persian/Farsi, Urdu, Kurdish and others use the Arabic alphabet which is used to write them own languages. Therefore, those who learn Arabic from scratch will be able to read the written words and sentences of any of these languages, but not understand the meaning.

1. Define precisely the goals for which you need to learn Arabic for beginners.

As we wrote above, there are several types of Arabic: Modern Standard, Classical and Colloquial Arabic. Each type is responsible for its own goals.


2. Master the Arabic alphabet

At first glance, for those who decide to take up the Arabic language, the alphabet seems the most difficult and incomprehensible moment. Some even try to avoid studying it and only memorize pronunciation or transliteration Arabic words. This method will bring many problems in the future. It would be much more useful, on the contrary, to ignore the transcription and learn the spelling of words. So to learn Arabic quickly for beginners, learn the alphabet.

3. Learn to use Arabic dictionary.

Using an Arabic dictionary is very difficult at first, but after clarifying the basic points and some practice, it will not be difficult.
Firstly, it is necessary to take into account that all words in the dictionary are used in their original forms, while in the texts they appear in derived forms
Secondly, the structure of the dictionary itself has a root system, that is, the root of the word is considered as the search word. The roots in the dictionary are arranged in alphabetical order. That is, to find the word istiqbaal (recorder), you need to know the three-letter root of this word - q-b-l, that is given word will be in the dictionary under the letter q.

4. We study Arabic constantly.

In order to quickly learn Arabic, you need to study it constantly. If you have internet, you can learn Arabic online. There are many resources online for self-study Arabic. You can buy textbooks with audio recordings, listening to which you will become immersed in the language and absorb pronunciation. Many tutorials like learning Arabic from scratch offer interesting mnemonics for memorizing Arabic words.

5. Ask a tutor for help.

1. So, you have learned the alphabet and know how to write (albeit clumsily. I myself have terrible handwriting in Arabic, but this is not the main thing, you are not a secretary in an Arab company.) Now you start with this and only with this: First volume Medina course, videos by I. Sarbulatov:
http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL3797F14762B55D79
2.Have you completed the first volume? Moved to the second:
http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8043CDAAAF80F433
● You need to start EXACTLY with these playlists and not take a step back. These 2 volumes with a clear and understandable explanation by I. Sarbulatov provide a serious starting base. You don’t even need a teacher, just sit down and turn on the video, listen carefully to what he says and write down.
3. With diligent training (3 videos a week, weekends - repeat), it should take you about 2-3 months, depending on your frequency. Don’t say now “ugh, that’s a long time”, this path is worth it and you will already be able to calmly make up children’s sentences like “who is this? This is a rooster.” (What did you want? This is a completely new, still unlearned language for us and we need to treat it normally. If you have seen “Arabic in 2 weeks” manuals in stores etc. and you think that Arabic can be mastered in so many days, then this is complete absurdity. Children begin to speak their native language only after 2-3 years. Don’t forget about it)
4. Repeat what you have learned, read more articles about motivation and don’t give up. We must try, try and try again, no matter what the circumstances. Many people start studying with some phrase books, learning some dialogues in Arabic, etc., thinking that they are thereby learning the language. This is the wrong approach. It’s just a waste of time, believe me. What I’m giving you now is I walked this path myself and Alhamdulillah I achieved more than those who are still learning Arabic proverbs, sayings and Baranov’s dictionary day and night in order. This will not work. We first need a basis, a base, a layout, a skeleton. I. Sarbulatov gives this in the best way on video. You don’t even need to hire any tutors.
● Print or buy Abu Adel's book for honey. course and go through/repeat it again. The effect will double, I assure you. I myself went through Abu Adel’s book 2 times.
5. Next comes Volume 3:
http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL9067216426552628
Having reached this level, you will finally become familiar with the so-called “breeds”, and by this time you will understand how this or that word is constructed in Arabic. There is no need to separately learn the words “visitor, writer, player, written, visited, played, told”, etc. You will simply put one corresponding verb in the desired “frame” and get the desired word.
6.You are not required to sit down and sit for hours. Spectator attention - half an hour. During the day - half an hour, in the evening - a little more, and at night - run through the notebook with your eyes. Effect 100%
7.Motivation, strong support - on the website http://nuruliman.ru/ They write convincingly and the words are highly motivating.
8.Make dua. There is no other language that would be mastered as well and quickly as the Arabic language - if you put in niyat for the sake of Allah and with the goal of at least reading His Scripture well (placing correctly logical stresses in words and sentences) and even understanding some words, as well as hadiths . NOT EVERYTHING WILL COME TO US AT ONCE. Make more duas.
9.Motivate yourself as often as possible.
10.If the desire begins to disappear from time to time, see point 9.
11. In the first 3-4 months, do not try to construct serious sentences like “I looked back to see if she looked back, to see if she looked back,” or at least what you see in front of you, and if you fail to construct a sentence, get upset. Don’t even think about it, remember at how many months a child begins to construct sentences. We are absolutely the same children.
12. Ask Allah to make your matter easier for you and turn to experts in Arabic. At least on the Internet.
13. So, you have mastered the first 3 volumes of the medical course, enough time has passed, but you feel that you have really improved compared to what you knew 2-3 months ago. Imagine now WHAT you will know in another six months. Go towards the goal. Set small goals (learn 10 words, then 10 more words: kitaabun, daftarun, masjidun...). By the end of the 3rd volume, you will already have a stock of more than 500 high-frequency words approximately. Iron, iron, love, search, use, read, write, went out, came in, looked, cat, dog, grandmother, grandfather.
14. So. Now we have a small, but still sufficient base for today. How does a child begin to learn a language? That's right, he remembers the words. We will learn the words with you. Which ones? Let's take a dictionary and learn everything? Words that we can only encounter in 80-100 years? Or will we learn high-frequency words that cover 95% of word usage in everyday speech? (Less in written language.) What words will we learn? Nepotism, gestalt ,patrol? Or “student, teacher, wake up, read, laugh, talk,
understand, institute, sea, forest, face, hands”?...
15.I give you ONE OF THE BEST TEXTBOOKS IN THE ENTIRE POST-SOVIET SPACE. This is Bagautdin’s book “Arabic Language Textbook”. Words are given there, then there is a small text where these words are used. There are collected about 4000 words of the MOST USED. I still repeat these words, because in cartoons, in video lectures, these words are everywhere. There is a method for learning words that leads to excellent results. This method “ Words and text"gives amazing results. You first learn the words, and then when you read the text, you are glad that you understand the Arabic text, because you know all the words that are there. This book will take you about six months. This textbook is one of the most my favorite textbooks. There is also an audio version on the Internet.
16. That's all for now. This article is for you for one year. Insha Allah, if we are healthy and alive, write to me in a year with the question “what’s next” and if by that time I am still learning Arabic, insha Allah, then I will tell you what to do. )
17. When you learn words, you don’t need to sit for an hour. 15 minutes is enough. We took a picture of the words on our phone, opened it at the university/institute, and repeated. Is it lunchtime at work? We ate, opened the phone, and repeated. The effect is stunning. The effect will be exactly 15 minutes every 4-6 hours.
18. Try. Try. Nobody promised you ease. Your actions = your result. A person who worked diligently according to the instructions written above, who taught, tried, repeated, cannot tell me after 4 months: “I remained the same as I was.” was there and achieved nothing.” No, you didn’t do anything simple at all. You only deceived yourself.
19. In the photo I wrote out a quote from I. Khaibullin’s book, if you want to improve the result of your study, just multiply some point by 2. “Which one is up to you to choose, depending on your abilities.”
20. I advise you to start a notebook where you will write verbs and their prepositions with which they are used. As in English prepositions can change the meaning of words (for example: look out = look out, look at), and in Arabic one or another preposition can change the meaning of a verb. Let’s say: نظر الى - to look (at something), and if instead of a preposition الى let's say في, then the verb will be translated as “to think about something.” And there are many such examples. Write down at least 200-300 verbs and with what preposition they are used. The verb “zahaba” with the preposition “ilya”, “bahaSa” (search) with the preposition “gan”.

For now, this is the plan for you and me. I wrote it hastily, if I need anything I’ll add it, but I think I wrote the main and most important things. May Allah reward the one who reposts and shares with his friends. Maybe they also need these tips.
May Allah help us in all our good endeavors!
Amen.
والحمد لله رب العالمين وصلى الله وسلم على نبينا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين

Gives you the opportunity to get acquainted and learn one of the ancient and most widespread languages ​​of the world - Arabic.

Arabic is considered an official language in the following countries: Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Western Sahara, Jordan, Iraq, Yemen, Qatar, Comoros, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, United United Arab Emirates, Oman, Palestinian Authority, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Somalia, Sudan, Tunisia, Chad, Eritrea. Arabic is spoken by about 290 million people (240 - native language and 50 - second language).

The Arabic language played a big role in the history of world culture: in the Middle Ages, an extensive artistic and scientific literature. A huge number of Arabic words have entered the languages ​​of many Asian and African peoples. Even in European languages, including in Russian, there are words borrowed from Arabic (algebra, azimuth, zenith, alcohol, genie, store, treasury, coffee, safari, tariff, etc.).

Currently, the Arabic language exists in two significantly different forms: on the one hand, there is the Arabic literary language - a common language for all Arab countries in education, the press, radio, science, literature, oratorical speech On the other hand, there are Arabic spoken languages, or dialects, which are used by the population in everyday communication. The spoken language of each Arab country differs from both the common Arabic literary language and spoken languages other Arab countries.

Like everyone else language learners from scratch, we will talk about literary Arabic. As a basis online lessons The website contains a tutorial by V. S. Segal (). Its peculiarity is that it allows you to get acquainted with the language gradually, without immediately bombarding you with a stream of incomprehensible and complex Arabic letters. Errors were also corrected, letter animation was added, and answers were added that can be viewed by moving the mouse over the key: . Plus, audio has been added! You will not only learn to read and write Arabic, but also begin to understand the language by ear. Lessons free.

Go to → list of lessons ← (Click)

If the opportunity to communicate with 290 million people is not your big motivation for learning Arabic, then it might be, for example, the desire to stand out from the crowd. Few people know Arabic. And if now you just seem very smart, then in the future you will be able to build a successful career. The Middle East has a very large economic potential, so knowledge of the language and culture is beneficial and promising.

IN modern conditions Growing hostility between the Arab world and the West, understanding the Islamic religion is key information to overcome the crisis. People who know Arabic can overcome cultural and linguistic barriers between countries, help solve or avoid international conflict, as well as help businesses successfully conduct international trade. In addition, knowledge of Arabic opens the door to other languages. For example, 50% of Farsi words are made up of Arabic words. The situation is similar with Urdu and Turkish. Hebrew is also linguistically related to Arabic, making it easier to understand grammatical and semantic concepts in the languages.

Arabs are hospitable. Once you speak a few words of Arabic in front of a native speaker, they will be delighted and want to help you in any way possible. But try to do the same thing, for example, in German in front of the Germans - it is unlikely that it will greatly surprise them. Arabs are proud of their language and will be happy to see someone making an effort to learn it.

Arabic is the 5th most widely spoken language in the world, and migration patterns recent years only increase its spread. More recently, Arabic has become the second most common language in Sweden, but Finnish has always been so. And before Arabic takes over the whole world, you still have time to study it!

Surely you found something interesting on this page. Recommend it to a friend! Better yet, place a link to this page on the Internet, VKontakte, blog, forum, etc. For example:
Learning Arabic