A photographer comes to the village, all schoolchildren dream of getting into a general photo. The main character Vitya and his friend Sanka were offended that they were going to be put in the end and ran off to the ridge to sled. Vitya fell ill and could not take a picture. Later, the teacher brought him a photograph, in which Viti was not, and the boy always carefully kept it.
the main idea
Old pre-war photographs are a folk chronicle, and they must be protected. There are many memories associated with photography.
Read the summary Photo, in which I am not Astafiev
Viktor Petrovich Astafiev's story "A photograph in which I am not" is one of the chapters of the book "The Last Bow".
In this book, the main character is the boy Vitya, an orphan. He lives with his grandparents in a remote village in Siberia. Near the Yenisei river. The events described in the book take place before the war. The grandmother loves the boy very much, although she often scolds. Each chapter of the book reveals more fully the character of the grandmother, Katerina Petrovna, and her love for her grandson.
The chapter "A photograph in which I am not" is about an unusual event for those places, which excited all the inhabitants of the village. The arrival of a photographer who is going to photograph schoolchildren is expected. The teacher and the teacher, husband and wife, immediately thought about where it would be more convenient to accommodate the photographer at the time of his arrival. You can't go to a visiting house because it's dirty. They decided to place it with one cultured resident of the village with the name Chekhov.
All the guys were looking forward to the arrival of the photographer and thought who would sit where in the photo. We agreed that the best students will sit in front, the middle ones - in the second row, and C and L students - in the back. However, not everyone was happy with this decision, for example, the hero-storyteller and his friend Sanka, because they were just one of the worst students. Trying to get a good spot with their fists and failing, the boys ran off onto a cliff and sledged down a steep hill until nightfall and lay in the snow.
Returning home, Vitya felt that he was ill. He endured for a long time, and his legs ached from rheumatism, a disease inherited from his mother. When the boy howled in the middle of the night, his grandmother woke up and began to scold him for not obeying her and chilling her legs. She got up and went to find a cure. Then she rubbed him with alcohol for a long time, sentenced and spanked her grandson.
So Vitya was stuck at home for a long time. He could not walk, and his grandmother carried him to the bathhouse to warm up. When the day for photographing came, the boy still could not take a step. Sanka ran after him, his grandmother prepared a nice shirt for him, but Vitya could not get up. When he realized that he couldn’t be photographed, he began to howl and ask to be photographed at least somehow, but this was impossible. Sanka boldly declared that he would not go to be photographed either.
So Vitya lay at home for a long time. He examined the insert frames, and everything that lay behind them:
moss, rowan twigs, birch coals. Then the boy watched the ficus bloom. And then he got very bored.
And then one day a teacher came to them and brought a photograph. Vitya was very happy. The teacher and the teacher in the village were highly respected by all the inhabitants. The teacher drank tea with his grandmother and wished the boy to get well as soon as possible. The narrator recalls with awe this visit of the teacher to their home. The teacher knew a lot, was polite with all residents, always greeted. The teacher was able to talk so much with the drunkard Uncle Levontius that he began to drink less. And one spring the teacher went to the forest with his students and told them everything he knew. Suddenly they saw a snake, it hissed terribly. The teacher grabbed a stick and beat the snake to death. He wanted to protect the children. All the villagers tried to thank the teacher and brought him either a basket of berries or some other gifts, and in winter they brought firewood to the yard.
Grandmother told her neighbors for a long time about how the teacher himself came to her.
Vitka looked at the photo and tried to find himself and Sanka on it, but this was impossible, because they were not photographed.
The boy grew up, but did not forget his teacher, his modest smile, and the photograph is still preserved. It turned yellow, and on it you can barely see the faces of the children photographed near the white school. Many of them died during the war, and the old photograph keeps the memory of the brave Siberians.
Picture or drawing A photograph in which I am not
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METHODOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE LITERATURE LESSON IN THE 8th GRADE
Dudareva Svetlana Nikolaevna,
teacher of Russian language and literature
MBOU "Verkhnederevenskaya secondary school"
Lesson topic: V.P. Astafiev. Problems of the story "A photograph in which I am not"
Lesson objectives: to deepen the knowledge of students about the personal and creative biography of V.P. Astafieva; discuss the content and identify problems in the story"A photograph in which I am not";improve the skills of analyzing a work of art;
develop critical thinking through working with various sources of information;
to educate the ability to listen and hear attentively, to respect a different opinion; contribute to the moral formation of the personality of students.
During the classes:
Organizational moment.
Hello those who are in a good mood today. Hello those who enjoy spending time with friends and sharing their thoughts. Hello those who love literature.
II ... Call stage:
Writer and time ... These two concepts are closely intertwined. A writer is only a writer when he knows how to express his time, when he has a responsive heart, when he disturbs the reader and makes him think. Such a writer is Viktor Petrovich Astafiev. How did he live? What did he proclaim? What did he condemn? Where did you call?
Who is Viktor Petrovich Astafiev for us? This is a writer. Personality. Person. A citizen who has lived life on a par with the century.
1. Answer in a circle.
Let's recall the main facts from the life of the writer. Each group in turn names one important event in the biography.(Group work)
2. Get to know the work and heroes of Astafiev (Teamwork)
When a writer leaves us sooner or later, his life continues on the pages of books and in the memory of readers. Earlier you have already got acquainted with the works of Astafiev. Let's remember them. I will read the excerpts. Who will quickly guess what kind of work we are talking about, name the hero and the main event:
1) "Taiga, our nurse, doesn't like flimsy ones!" - he remembered the words of his father and grandfather. And he began to recall everything that he had been taught, that he knew from the stories of fishermen and hunters. First of all, you need to make a fire. Okay, I brought the matches from home. " ("Vasyutkino Lake", Vasyutka got lost in the taiga, discovered the lake)
2) “My grandmother came back from the neighbors and told me that the Levontievsk children were going to the ridge for strawberries, and told me to go with them.
- Collect the tuesok. I will take my berries to the city, I will also sell yours and buy you a gingerbread. ("A horse with a pink mane", the hero deceived his grandmother - instead of berries he filled herbs, but his grandmother forgave him and bought him a gingerbread with a horse)
What unites these stories by Astafiev with the story "A photograph in which I am not," on which we are going to work today? (Action in the village, the main character is a boy who goes through a moral test that makes him more mature, more serious, gets a lesson in life).
The story "A photograph in which I am not" is an integral chapter from the large autobiographical work of Viktor Petrovich Astafiev "The Last Bow".(see the exhibition of Astafiev's books)
“My memory, memory, what are you doing to me ?!
My memory, do a miracle again, remove the anxiety from the soul, the dull oppression of fatigue ... And resurrect - do you hear? - resurrect the boy in me, let me calm down and cleanse myself near him.
- The purpose of our lesson: find out what problems are revealed in the story "A photograph in which I am not", what and why the memory of the hero of the story Viktor Potylitsyn has preserved, what a person should do in order to remain in his memory, and we will also learn to think critically and try to look at the events of the story from different points of view.
3. Clusters
What do you think is the key word in the title of the story? (the photo)
You have cluster schemes on your tables. Write this keyword in the upper rectangle. And in the ovals, write down those concepts, associations that the word "photography" evokes in you.(Group work).
We are not able to return time, not a single moment of our life repeats itself. And photography allows, at least in thoughts, to go back. Photography is memory, personal memory.
The stage of comprehending the content.
We make sure that the plot of the story is very simple; the event underlying it cannot be called bright or unusual. This means that the plot in the work is of secondary importance. Then what is the most important thing in the story?
What discoveries have you made after reading this story?
The arrival of the photographer in the village was a big event
(life in his native land was agitated: for the first time a photographer came to school from the city, even classes were interrupted; an important guest - the whole village thought about where to put him, what to wear: “I prepared a shirt for him, and dried his coat, made him ...” , - lamented grandmother Katerina; Uncle Levontiy gave Sanka a quilted jacket "on the occasion of photographing")
-I was amazed by the attitude of the residents towards the teacher and the teacher.
(They were loved and revered: “Teachers are respected for their politeness, for the fact that they greet everyone in a row, not sorting out either the poor or the rich; for the fact that at any time of the day or night you can come to the teacher and ask them to write the necessary paper; you can complain about anyone; the teachers were the ringleaders in the village club, the youth were taught games and dances ... ")
Why did the main character remember his teacher?
(the teacher was a very attentive, kind, intelligent person, he knew a lot, was always ready to help his fellow villagers; he took the initiative, agreed with the city photographer, brought him to the village; and when the photo was ready, he brought it to the main character, on her classmates of the protagonist were depicted)
Analyze the snake episode. For what purpose does Astafiev bring this story?
(in the scene with the snake, we see that the teacher is ready to sacrifice his life for the sake of his students, he is capable of feat: "polite, shy, but always ready to rush forward and defend his students, help them in trouble, facilitate and improve human life")
-How do you imagine this photo?
- Why Sanka refused to go to be photographed
(he felt guilty that Vitya got sick and could not go to school, decided to show solidarity: “We’re not living for the last day!” Sanka stated solidly. (And it seemed to me, not so much me as Sanka convinced himself). - We'll be filming more! .. Nishtyak! Let's go to the city and on horseback, or maybe we will take pictures by car!)
Why was this photograph, which did not include the main character, was so dear to him and his grandmother?
(this small piece of paper was dear to the protagonist, as a memory of his native land, school, classmates - of his small homeland ...
What features of the recent history of our people are restored in people's memory by V.P. Astafiev? Find clues by which you can determine the timing of events in the story.
Can we say that the events of the Second World War are invisibly present in the story?
- Conclusion: we see that Astafyev seems to be restoring the features of the past, which are very dear to him as a memory of childhood, school, classmates, and his native village. Photography is part of history. Memory is also capable of capturing an era, creating a portrait of it. Therefore, we can talk about the historical and national memory embodied in the story.
- What events, actions of the hero can you call negative? - Why did it happen? - What negative experience did the hero of the story have?
- Conclusion: the absence of a hero in the photo is a punishment for bad behavior. The boy realized that everyone should be responsible for their actions.
What positive, good events in the story can you mark? What positive experiences did the boy have?
-Conclusion: this photograph is for him a moral lesson, the acquisition of spiritual wealth. The events around her helped him change, become better, more mature, more responsible.
All the best in us grows in the world of childhood, where kindness, love, mercy and respect reign. And Vitya looks like flowers that come to life in spring, he also reaches for the sun, light, warmth.
What feelings and emotions have you caused by the actions of the characters in the scenes: "The arrival of the photographer", "Treatment of the boy", "The incident with the snake"?
- How does the hero feel when looking at a photograph?
Conclusion: human concern is typical for the villagers, they worry, worry about where to put the photographer.
Grandmother Katerina Petrovna is capable of sacrifices for the sake of her loved ones; wise, kind, decent. Therefore, this warm image was imprinted in the memory of the author.
General respect for teachers. These are people who simply loved and did not demand anything in return.
The story is called "A photograph in which I am not." And what could be the plot of the story under the heading "The photograph in which I am"? What would be his main idea?
4. Work on the language of the work.
Vocabulary work: the brightness and brilliance of Astafiev's language.
What is characteristic of the language of the story? How do you explain this phenomenon?
(common words, folk speech are used to convey the Siberian flavor).
– As in other works of Astafiev, in this story he has a "tasty" language. He vividly and colorfully describes the life of the village, using dialectal and outdated words, and this makes the speech of the narrator and the characters sound more convincing and expressive.
Define the following words that you come across in the text of the story:
wire rod is ...
kut is ...
magarych is ...
lumbago is ...
sarana is ...
talina is ...
tues is ...
uval is ...
firewood is ...
5. Reading the final part of the story "School photography is still alive ..."
Why, despite sometimes its absurdity, far-fetched poses, does the old photograph not make the narrator laugh? What feelings does it evoke? Why was this photograph, which did not include the main character, so dear to him and his grandmother?
(This small piece of paper was dear to the protagonist, as a memory of his native land, school, classmates - of his small homeland ...
“That school photo is still alive. She turned yellow, broke off at the corners. But I recognize all the guys by her ... Funny photo. But I never laugh at village photographs. I can't laugh. Village photography is an original chronicle of our people, its wall history ")
- What moral lesson does the writer tell the story? What should a person do to remain in his memory? How is this story interesting and useful to our contemporaries?
-Conclusion: the author argues that history is not only wars, coups, epoch-making events. The history of the country, its fate is made up of the stories and destinies of individual people. Photography is the memory of a person and the memory of a people, a portrait of an era.
6. Stage of reflection.
1.Sinkwine
Now let's summarize everything that was said in the lesson and write syncwines. There are small leaves on the tables. Compose and write down a syncwine on the topic "Memory".
Sinkwine (from the English "way of thought")
Syncwine writing rules:
One word. A noun denoting the subject in question.
Two words. Adjectives describing the characteristics of the chosen subject.
Three words. Verbs describing an object or action.
A three to four word phrase. Expresses a personal relationship to the subject.
One word is synonymous with the first. Describes the essence of an object or object.
(students write syncwines and read them)
Memory.
Historical, moral.
Lives, returns, amazes.
The past does not go unnoticed.
The photo.
2. Coat of arms of achievements
I ask you to sum up the results of our lesson on your own, fill in the "Coat of Arms of Achievements" (see sheets): what you managed to understand today, what was useful, what may be useful to you in the future.
(students fill in and voice their Coats of Arms of Achievement)
CREST OF ACHIEVEMENTS
This I have achieved (la)
I already knew about this:
This was helpful:
This may be useful to me:
7 homework
I would like to end today's conversation with the words of F.M. Dostoevsky: "They tell you a lot about your upbringing, but some wonderful, bright memory, preserved from childhood, perhaps the best memory ... can serve you in salvation. "
- Flip through your family's photo albums.
What events are depicted in your family photos? What story can an old photograph tell? If you do not know the history of your family photographs, ask your mom, dad, grandmother, grandfather to tell you, because photography is our memory.
To choose from:
1. Write an essay-reasoning about how you understand the phrase that ends the story: "Village photography is an original chronicle of our people, its wall history."
2. Make a presentation "Photos tell about themselves"
CREST OF ACHIEVEMENTS
This I have achieved (la)
Today I managed to understand this:
I already knew about this:
This was helpful:
This may be useful to me:
CREST OF ACHIEVEMENTS
This I have achieved (la)
Today I managed to understand this:
I already knew about this:
This was helpful:
This may be useful to me:
CREST OF ACHIEVEMENTS
This I have achieved (la)
Today I managed to understand this:
I already knew about this:
This was helpful:
This may be useful to me:
In this lesson, you will get acquainted with the story of V.P. Astafieva "A photograph in which I am not", analyze this story, consider the images of the characters and the main idea.
Earlier, you already got acquainted with the childhood of the writer, with the beginning of his literary activity and read his stories "Vasyutkino Lake", "Horse with a Pink Mane". In this lesson, you will become familiar with his story "A photograph in which I am not."
This is the chapter of the great autobiographical work of Viktor Petrovich Astafiev "The Last Bow".
"The last bow" - remembering the writer about people close to him, about childhood, about his native Siberia (Fig. 2). Here's how he writes about it:
“I had a desire to tell about my Siberia, to prove that both I and my fellow countrymen are not Ivans who do not remember kinship. Moreover, here we are somehow related by kinship, perhaps stronger than anywhere else. "
Rice. 2. The nature of Siberia ()
The book "The Last Bow" was formed by 1967. About this time Astafiev (Fig. 3) writes:
“Basically, I finished off the pages of my childhood, which I started back in 1956. I see that this is my best book. I put a lot of myself into the book. "
Rice. 3.V. P. Astafiev ()
Victor Petrovich Astafiev started as a children's writer. And about this period of literary activity he wrote:
“For children, I always write with bright joy and will try my whole life not to deprive myself of this joy.”
And the writer Yevgeny Nosov (Fig. 4), a close friend of Astafiev, said about him:
“There is something in him that heals mental wounds, turmoil and other human troubles. No, he is not a sorcerer or an old wizard, but he has a special word for people - both in his books and by word of mouth. "
Rice. 4. E.I. Nosov ()
The main characters of the story "A photograph in which I am not" are a simple boy from the taiga village Viktor Potylitsyn and his grandmother. It would seem that these are specific people, real destinies. But the fate of these specific people hides the fate of an entire generation.
Many people, when they read the autobiographical work "The Last Bow", wrote to Astafiev: "You tried to write about yourself and your grandmother, but in fact you described all of us."
The main theme of "The Last Bow" is the growing up of a young man, the formation of a boy's personality. The story "A photograph in which I am not", it would seem, tells about a simple incident that happened to a village boy, but comes out on the main theme - the theme of memory, human and historical.
The story is told from the perspective of the hero. The story begins with the message that a photographer has arrived from the city:
"I didn't just come, on business - I came to take pictures."
It must be said that the arrival of a photographer at the village school at the time described is a great event. The photographer is an important person, they try to please him, arrange him conveniently: so that he will shoot correctly and so that everyone will like the picture.
"And he will not photograph old people and old women, not village people eager to be immortalized, but us, students of the Ovsyansky school."
The whole village decides where to place the photographer:
"Such a person as a photographer is not suitable for teachers to keep."
The teachers do not have conditions that could satisfy the photographer, and therefore everyone tries and finds for this person a competent, businesslike, respected by everyone - Ilya Ivanovich Chekhov:
“He came from exiles. The exiles were either his grandfather or his father. He himself has long married our village young woman, was all godfather, friend and advisor on the part of contracts on the rafting. "
The photographer, of course, will find it most convenient in Chekhov's house. The village people decided that this was the most suitable place. This is where the photographer is determined. Everyone was so satisfied with their find that there is a three-fold repetition:
“The teacher sighed with relief. The disciples sighed. The village sighed. "
Everyone was worried that it would be convenient for the photographer to live, so that this photo took place:
“Everyone wanted to please, so that he would appreciate the care of him and would take pictures of the guys as expected, shoot well."
The life of the guys in the village can tell a lot about the relationships between people of that time. These are the pre-war years - the years before the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. The protagonist was not one of the best students in the class. Here's how he writes about it
“The solution to the question of the routines was not in our favor with Sanka: diligent students will sit in front, middle ones - in the middle, bad ones - back - so it was decided. Neither that winter, nor in all subsequent ones, Sanka and I were not surprised by either diligence or behavior. It was difficult for us to count on the middle either. To be behind us, where you can't tell who is filmed? You or not you? We got into a fight to prove by force that we are not lost people ... But the guys drove us out of their company, they didn't even contact us to fight. Then Sanka and I went to the ridge and began to ride from such a cliff, from which no reasonable person has ever skated. Ukharski, gikaya, swearing, we rushed for a reason, rushed to death, smashed the heads of the sleds against the stones, knocked down the knees, fell out, scooped up full of wire rods in the snow ”.
This became the reason for the very disease, due to which the main character of the story was not in the photo:
“At night there was a reckoning for the desperate revelry: my legs ached. They always ached from "rematism", as my grandmother called the disease, allegedly inherited from my deceased mother. But as soon as I got cold feet, scooped snow in the wire rods - immediately nud at my feet turned into unbearable pain. "
Further, the reader meets people to whom the hero has emotional attachment. First of all, this is his grandmother, who accompanies all his childhood, who took her grandson into education after the death of his mother.
- I knew it! I knew it! - Grandma woke up and grumbled. - Whether I for you, would sting you in the soul and in the liver, did not say: "Do not chill, do not chill!" - she raised her voice. - So he's smarter than everyone! Will he listen to your grandmother? Does he smell kind words? Bend Now! Zagibat, at least ill! Molchi is better! Molchi! "
In this passage, the author very vividly highlights the speech of the grandmother, which is full of dialects, dialects characteristic of this Siberian village. This is both colloquial speech and folk expressions typical of the villagers. Through the behavior of the characters, the reader represents not just a specific life situation, but also a certain social cut, a certain standard of living and a certain era.
“The grandmother rang with dishes, bottles, jars, bottles - she was looking for a suitable medicine. Frightened by her voice and distracted by expectations, I fell into a tired slumber.
- Where are you tutoka?
- Here, ee. - I responded plaintively as possible and stopped moving.
- Here! - my grandmother mimicked and, having groped me in the dark, first of all gave me a slap. Then she rubbed my feet with ammonia for a long time. She rubbed the alcohol thoroughly, dry, and kept making noise: - Didn't I tell you? Did I not anticipate you? And she rubbed it with one hand, and gave it to me with the other: - He tortured him! Did he grip him with a hook? He turned blue, as if on ice, and not sitting on the stove ...
I really didn’t googu, didn’t snap, didn’t contradict my grandmother - she was treating me ”.
Although the grandmother scolds the boy, the reader sees that she also loves him very much, and the hero is kind to his grandmother (Fig. 5).
Rice. 5. Grandmother and grandson, story "A photograph in which I am not" ()
The following phrase speaks of an ironic attitude:
"The doctor was exhausted, fell silent, plugged a faceted long bottle, leaned it against the chimney, wrapped my legs in an old downy shawl, as if she had covered my legs with a warm sponge, and even put on a sheepskin coat on top and wiped the tears from my face with an effervescent palm of alcohol."
Despite the fact that the grandmother is angry that the child is sick, she is ready to help him and is ready to cure him. She wakes up the old man (grandfather), sends him to light the bathhouse. By the morning the bath is ready, the child is soared with birch brooms, wrapped, rubbed.
But it is worth remembering that not only Vitka rode down the mountain, but his friend Sanka was with him. And this is such a childish friendship that Sanka is ready to support his friend and also not go to be photographed:
“My sight also plunged Sanka into dejection. He crumpled, crumpled, hesitated, hesitated, and took off his new brown quilted jacket, given to him by Uncle Levontius on the occasion of the photograph.
- Okay! - Sanka said resolutely. - Okay! he repeated even more emphatically. “If so, I won’t go either! Everything! "And under the approving gaze of grandmother Katerina Petrovna I proceeded to the middle one."
In addition to the grandmother, her warmth, attention to the child, we can talk about other people in the village. Very interesting is the story of the author about what the village houses, village windows are like. In particular, he talks about all the housewives who decorated and insulated the village window in their own way. And again, on the other hand, the facet of the grandmother's personality is highlighted:
“A rustic window, sealed for the winter, is a kind of work of art. By the window, without ever entering the house, you can determine what kind of hostess lives here, what her character is and what is the everyday life in the hut.
Grandmother inserted frames into the winter with plain and discreet beauty. In the upper room, between the frames, I used a roller to put cotton wool and threw three or four rowan sockets with leaves on top of the white one - and that was all. No frills. In the middle and in the kuti, the grandmother put moss interspersed with lingonberry between the frames. There are several birch coals on the moss, a heap of mountain ash between the coals - and already without leaves.
Grandma explained this quirk as follows:
- Moss sucks in dampness. The coal does not freeze the glass, but the mountain ash from the frenzy. There is a stove with kuti chad.
My grandmother sometimes made fun of me, invented various gizmos, but many years later, from the writer Alexander Yashin, I read the same thing: mountain ash is the first remedy for stinking. "
We see how the author carefully and subtly describes folk signs, wisdom accumulated over the years. But at the same time, two points of view should be noted: on the one hand, this is the understanding of the situation by a small child - Vitya, and on the other hand, the look of an adult person appears - a writer who has lived his life. No wonder the author introduces the figure of the writer Alexander Yashin.
One of those close people who left a mark on the soul of the hero is the teacher. Here is how the hero tells about the village teacher at the moment when the teacher brings the photo to the still ill boy:
“- What kind of a leshak is breaking there? .. You are welcome! Welcome! - the grandmother sang in a completely different, church voice. I understood: an important guest came to us, quickly hid on the stove and from a height I saw a school teacher who swept the wire rods with a broom and aimed at where to hang his hat. The grandmother accepted the hat, coat, ran away the guest's clothes to the upper room, because she believed that it was indecent to hang in the kuti's clothes, she invited the teacher to pass. "
We see what a respectful attitude the grandmother has towards the teacher. Even clothes are indecent to hang in the kuti; they must be taken to a more appropriate place.
Not only the hero's grandmother treats the teacher with respect, but the whole village and all the students. Here is how Astafiev describes the teacher:
“The teacher’s face, albeit inconspicuous, I have not forgotten until now. It was pale in comparison with the rustic, hot wind, roughly hewn faces. Hairstyle for "politics" - the hair is combed back. And so there was nothing more special, except perhaps a little sad and therefore unusually kind eyes, but ears sticking out. "
This person remained in the child's memory precisely because of his spiritual and professional qualities.
Rice. 6. The teacher is visiting the main character ()
“Teachers are respected for their politeness, for the fact that they greet everyone in a row, not disassembling either the poor or the rich, or the exiles, or self-propelled vehicles. They are also respected for the fact that at any time of the day or night you can come to the teacher and ask him to write the necessary paper. "
Consider how the villagers behave, what they do in relation to the teachers:
“Silently, sideways, village women will seep into the teacher’s hut and forget there a crinkle of milk or sour cream, cottage cheese, lingonberry tuesok. The child will be watched, treated, if necessary, the teacher will be innocently scolded for ineptitude in everyday life with the child. Once a teacher came to school wearing wire rods sewn over the edge. The women stole the wire rods - and they took down to the shoemaker Zherebtsov, who did not take a dime, and by morning, everything was ready for school. "
Already from the standpoint of his time, Viktor Petrovich Astafiev is surprised at what school these teachers worked in. With surprise, he writes about how these urban, intelligent people ended up in a village school.
The reader can easily imagine what the pre-war school was like in a distant Russian Siberian village:
“And in what school did our teachers start working!
In a country house with carbon monoxide ovens. There were no parts, no benches, no textbooks, notebooks, no pencils either. One primer for the whole first grade and one red pencil. The guys from the house brought stools, benches, sat in a circle, listened to the teacher, then he gave us a neatly sharpened red pencil, and we, perched on the windowsill, wrote our sticks one by one. They learned counting on matches and sticks, carved out of a torch with their own hands. "
The author seems to be restoring the features of the past, the features of the life of our people. Look at how he says that it is difficult now, perhaps, to imagine - how the teacher organized the appearance of notebooks and pencils at school:
“The teacher once left for the city and returned with three carts. On one of them were scales, on the other two boxes with all kinds of goods. In the schoolyard, a temporary stall "Utilsyrye" was erected from the blocks. The schoolchildren turned the village upside down. Attics, sheds, barns were cleared of the accumulated good for centuries - old samovars, plows, bones, rags.
At school, pencils, notebooks, paints like buttons glued to cardboard boxes, and decals appeared. We tried sweet cockerels on sticks, the women got hold of needles, threads, buttons. "
In such circumstances, the character of a teenager is formed, his future idea of life:
“The teacher still and again traveled to the city on the village soviet nag, procured and brought textbooks, one textbook for every five. Then there was still relief - one textbook for two. The village families are large, therefore, a textbook has appeared in every house. "
It is surprising that the hero remembers how the teacher not only taught, but sometimes learned from the children himself, how he respected the knowledge that the village boys possessed. Here is a description of visiting the forest:
“The teacher began to lead us through the forest and talk about trees, about flowers, about herbs, about rivers and about the sky.
How much he knew! And that the rings of a tree are the years of its life, and that pine sulfur goes to rosin, and that needles are treated for nerves, and that plywood is made of birch; from conifers - he said so - not from forests, but from species! - they make paper that forests retain moisture in the soil, and therefore the life of rivers.
But we also knew the forest, albeit in our own way, in a village way, but we knew what the teacher did not know, and he listened to us attentively, praised us, even thanked us. "
There is a case in the forest when the teacher sees a snake and protects the children:
"He beat and beat the snake until it stopped moving."
Later, the children realize that the teacher saw the snake for the first time, but this did not stop him:
"The Teacher followed us, and kept looking around, ready to defend us again if the snake came to life and chase."
The last paragraphs of the story become the ideological center of the story:
“Years have passed, many, oh, a lot of them have passed. And this is how I remember the village teacher - with a slightly guilty smile, polite, shy, but always ready to rush forward and defend his students, help them in trouble, make life easier and better. While working on this book, I learned that the names of our teachers were Evgeny Nikolaevich and Evgenia Nikolaevna. My fellow countrymen assure that not only by name and patronymic, but also by face, they resembled each other. “Purely brother and sister! ..” Here, I think, a grateful human memory worked, bringing dear people closer and akin. And every person who dreams of becoming a teacher, let him live to such an honor as our teachers, in order to dissolve in the memory of the people.
School photography is still alive. She turned yellow, broke off in the corners. But I recognize all the guys on it. Many of them were killed in the war. The whole world knows the famous name - Siberian.
As women fussed about the village, hastily collecting fur coats, quilted jackets from neighbors and relatives, all the same, the children are poorly dressed, very poorly dressed. But how firmly they hold the matter nailed to two sticks. On the cloth is written in karakulisto: “Ovsyanskaya beginning. school of the 1st stage ". Against the background of a village house with white shutters, there are children: some with a dumbfounded face, some laughing, some pursing their lips, some opening their mouths, some sitting, some standing, some lying in the snow.
I look, sometimes smile, remembering, but I can't laugh and even more so mock the village photographs, no matter how ridiculous they may be at times. "(fig. 7) .
Rice. 7. The photograph referred to in the story of V.P. Astafieva ()
"Rural photography is an original chronicle of our people, its wall history."
The author argues that history is not only wars, not only coups. The history of a country is formed from the fate of individual people living in this country. Childhood is dear to the writer. This photo captured not only time, it was able to enable a person to remember some moments of his life. Photos are the memory of a person and the memory of the people.
The story of Viktor Petrovich Astafiev is a kind of portrait of the era, depicted by verbal means.
Flip through your family's photo albums. What events are depicted in your family photos? What story can an old photograph tell? How has a person's fate been reflected in the history of the country? If you do not know the history of your family photographs, ask your relatives to tell you, because photography is our memory.
Bibliography
- Korovina V.Ya. and other literature. 8th grade. Textbook in 2 hours - 8th ed. - M .: Education, 2009.
- Merkin G.S. Literature. 8th grade. Textbook in 2 parts. - 9th ed. - M .: 2013.
- Kritarova Zh.N. Analysis of works of Russian literature. 8th grade. - 2nd ed., Rev. - M .: 2014.
- Internet portal "Astafiev.ru" ()
- Internet portal "Festival of pedagogical ideas" Open lesson "" ()
- Internet portal "Nsportal.ru" ()
Homework
- Make a description of the images of the main character, his grandmother and teacher from the story "A photograph in which I am not."
- Bring a photo from your family album and prepare a story about it.
- Read 2-3 stories from V.P. Astafieva "The Last Bow".
The book "The Last Bow" by the Soviet writer Viktor Astafiev is a story in stories that has a folk character, composed of compassion, conscience, duty and beauty. Many heroes are involved in the story, but the main ones are the grandmother and her grandson. The orphan boy Vitya lives with his grandmother Katerina Petrovna, who has become a generalized image of all Russian grandmothers, the embodiment of love, kindness, care, morality and warmth. And at the same time, she was a stern and sometimes even stern woman. Sometimes she could make fun of her grandson, but nevertheless she loved him very much and took care of him infinitely.
Values instilled in childhood
True friendship is the most precious and very rare reward for a person, Astafyev believed. "A photograph in which I am not" is a story in which the writer wanted to show how the hero treats his friends. This was important for the author. After all, friendship is sometimes stronger than family ties.
The story "A photograph in which I am not" is presented as a separate part in the story "The Last Bow". In it, the author depicted all the exciting moments of his childhood.
To analyze the story, you need to read the summary.
"The photograph in which I am not": the plot
The plot tells that once a photographer came to take pictures of the schoolchildren. The children immediately began to think about how and where to stand. They decided that diligent good students should sit in the foreground, those who study satisfactorily - in the middle, and bad ones should be placed in the back.
Vitka and his Sanka, in theory, should have stood behind, since they did not differ in diligent study and even more so in behavior. To prove to everyone that they are completely abnormal people, the boys went to ride in the snow from such a cliff, from which no normal person would ever begin. As a result, having rolled in the snow, they dispersed to their homes. Payback for such fervor was not long in coming, and in the evening Vitka's legs ached.
His grandmother diagnosed him with remission on her own. The boy could not get to his feet, howled and moaned in pain. Katerina Petrovna was very angry with her grandson and lamented: "I told you, don't get cold!" However, she immediately went to get medicine.
Although the grandmother grumbles at her grandson and mimics him, she treats him with great tenderness and strong affection. After giving him a slap, she begins to rub her grandson's feet with ammonia for a long time. Katerina Petrovna deeply sympathizes with him, since he is an orphan: his mother, by fatal accident, drowned in the river, and his father had already formed another family in the city.
friendship
This is how the summary began. "The photograph in which I am not" as a literary work tells that because of his illness the boy Vitya still misses one of the most important events - taking pictures with the class. He very much regrets this, meanwhile the grandmother consoles her grandson and says that as soon as he recovers, they themselves will go to the city to the "best" photographer Volkov, and he will take any pictures, even for a portrait, even for a "patchport", even on the "eroplane", even on horseback, at least on anything.
And here the plot comes to the most important moment. The summary ("The photo in which I am not") describes that Vitka's friend Sanka in the morning comes for his friend and sees that he cannot stand on his feet, and then he immediately decides not to go to be photographed either. Sanka acts like a true friend who does not want to upset Vitka even more and therefore also misses this event. Even despite the fact that Sanka was getting ready and put on a new jacket, he begins to reassure Vitka that the photographer is not coming to them for the last time, and next time they will be in the frame.
"The photo in which I am not": feedback and analysis
Although the friendship of village boys is considered here at a very childish level, this episode will affect the development of the hero's personality. In the future, he will be very important: not only grandmother's upbringing and care influenced his attitude to the world around him, but also respectable relations with friends.
The work "A photograph in which I am not" reveals the image of true Russian grandmothers, how they lived in their villages, managed their household, decorated and insulated their windows with moss, because it "sucks in dampness", put a coal so that the glass would not freeze, and mountain ash was hung from the waste. They judged by the window what kind of mistress lives in the house.
Teacher
Vitya did not go to school for more than a week. One day a teacher came to them and brought a photograph. Katerina Petrovna greeted him with great cordiality and hospitality, talked sweetly, treated him to tea and put on the table treats that can be found in the village: "cowberry", "stripes" (candies in a tin can), city gingerbread and dryers.
The teacher in their village was the most respected person, because he taught children to read and write, and also helped local residents write the necessary letters and documents. For such goodwill, people helped him with firewood, milk, to look after the child, and grandmother Ekaterina Petrovna spoke to his baby's navel.
Conclusion
Here on this, perhaps, you can end the summary. "A photograph in which I am not" is a short story that helps the reader to understand as best as possible the images of the main characters, to see their moral souls, priorities and life values.
In addition, we understand how important photography is for these people, because it constitutes a kind of chronicle and wall history of the Russian people. And no matter how funny, sometimes ridiculous and pompous these old photographs are, there is still no desire to laugh at them, you just want to smile, because you understand that many of those who posed died in the war, defending their land.
Astafiev writes that the house in which his school was located and against which the photograph was taken was built by his great-grandfather, dispossessed by the Bolsheviks. The families of the dispossessed at that time were driven straight out into the street, but their relatives did not allow them to perish, and they settled in other people's homes.
Astafiev tried to write about all this in his work. "A photograph in which I am not" is a small episode from the life of a writer and all that is simple, but truly great people.
Summary of a lesson in literature for grade 8 according to V.Ya. Korovina.
Burykina Oksana Sergeevna, 10.09.2017
1244 126
Development content
Topic: V.P. Astafiev "A photograph in which I am not."
Lesson discovering new knowledge
Class 8
UMK V.Ya. Korovin
Target: Educational the goal is to conduct a detailed analysis of the literary text, based on assignments and questions; contribute to the formation of the need to read fiction literature carefully and thoughtfully. Developing- create conditions for independent creative activity of students, contribute to the formation of analytical thinking and emotional potential, intellectual skills of generalization, structuring, development of speech skills. Educational- to contribute to the process of spiritual development, the formation of moral values, referring to historical memory, human memory. Education of independence, cooperation, collectivism, communication.
Epigraph:
By fire, hostility
The earth is full,
(N. Rubtsov)
Lesson plan
During the classes
Organizational moment
Teacher's word : Hello guys. Is everyone ready for the lesson? Let's start then.
Knowledge update
Dramatization of a fragment (children read) (photo presentation on the screen)
I brought you a photograph, ”the teacher said and looked around for the briefcase.
Grandmother threw up her hands, rushed to kut - the briefcase remained there. And here it is, the photograph is on the table.
I look. Grandma looks. The teacher looks. The guys and girls in the photo are like seeds in a sunflower! And faces the size of sunflower seeds, but you can recognize them all. I run my eyes over the photograph: here is Vaska Yushkov, here is Vitka Kasyanov, here is Kolka the Khokhol, here is Vanka Sidorov, here is Ninka Shakhmatovskaya, her brother Sanya ... In the midst of the guys, in the very middle, there is a teacher and a teacher. He is in a hat and a coat, she is in a half-shirt. The teacher and the teacher are smiling at something. The guys froze something funny. What do they want? Their legs don't hurt.
Sanka didn't get into the photo because of me. And why did he pin himself? Either he mocks me, harms me, and then he felt it. So you can't see it in the photo. And you can't see me. More and more I run from face to face. No, it’s not visible. And where would I come from, if I was lying on the stove and bending me.
Nothing, nothing! - the teacher reassured me. - The photographer will probably come again.
And what am I telling him? I also interpret the same ...
I turned away, blinking at the Russian stove, thrusting out a thick bleached bottom into the middle one, my lips trembling. What should I interpret? Why interpret? I'm not in this photo. And it won't!
III ... Formulating the topic of the lesson
Teacher's word: You, of course, recognized the work from which this fragment was taken.
(Astafiev "A photograph in which I am not")
Why is our hero so upset that he is not and will not be in this photo? After all, he was promised that he would definitely be photographed next time.
(memory of the past)
What is memory?
(particle of human soul)
Now, systematizing everything that we said, let's try to formulate the topic of our lesson and the tasks on which we will work.
(children try to formulate the topic of the lesson, writing numbers in a notebook, topics).
IV ... Explanation of the new material
Teacher's word: One of the tasks that you received at home was to pick up quotes related to the concept of memory
(The word MEMORY is written on the board, the children paste their quotes)
Teacher's word: We will talk about the topic of memory using the example of Astafiev's story "A photograph in which I am not."
Modern literature is rich in favorite names, but for those who are related to Siberia, the name of Viktor Petrovich Astafiev is especially dear. Each of his works is a social event, he is taught at school, it is included in the anthology, it is difficult to find a language into which his works would not have been translated.
Let's fast forward to the distant, uncomfortable, hungry 30s. The distant port of Igarka. Three guys of a suspicious appearance, looking around, make their way through the snow-covered courtyard, then climb onto the roof of the shed, open the window and, under the cover of the thick northern crown of the head, enter the room. Everything has been thought out, everything has been taken into account: in the daytime the window was prudently "on the other side" unlocked, the necessary handy means were prepared.
But all fears and fears are over. The guys safely return to their shelter, trying not to betray the excitement that has not yet faded away, since they have just committed the theft. Finally, they are at home, if you can call this a random refuge of homeless boys, united by a common sorrowful fate. Sitting around, they look forward to sweet moments: now they will start reading and will read for a long time ... Today they climbed into ... the local library.
The guys are fascinated by looking at the agile moving lips of their comrade, from which words fly off, instantly burning in a small flame of a home-made smokehouse. As if some kind of magic music is pouring, immersing the children in a world full of beauty, mystery and dangers. And this world keeps growing, imperceptibly becoming your own.
And in the morning, the traces, trodden from the barn to the shelter, brought the district police officer here. Dreams, heated by a violent fantasy, break off at once, and now you are surrounded by the state walls of the orphanage.
Many, many years will pass, and a former homeless child, a former orphanage, a former faculty member, a former soldier Viktor Astafyev will begin to lay “his” words on white sheets of paper in order to tell not only friends, but also thousands of strangers about what they have experienced and felt for the rich events life.
Let's get to know each other, remember the life of this wonderful writer.
(report prepared by the student)
Teacher's word:Astafyev admitted: "For children, I always write with bright joy and I will try all my life not to deprive myself of this joy."
Astafiev's stories about childhood go beyond personal impressions and are interesting not only by the material itself, by what the writer tells us about the difficult pre-war childhood, but also by the emotional and moral charge that awakens bright feelings in the reader.
Stories about childhood made up a single and complete book of the writer "The Last Bow". The work was formed in 1967. According to the author himself, this is his best work, the creation of which began back in 1956. The author said: "I put a lot of myself into the book." According to critic A. Lanshchikov, "The last bow" - "This is a conversation about childhood and about those people who warmed this childhood with the warmth of their hearts and the caress of their laboring hands ..." ".
Let's try to cover as many of the topics raised by the author as possible. For this we sat down with you in groups. And each group will receive an individual task.
V ... Group work
Task for group 1
Make a coherent story about the hero's grandmother, including quotes, your observations, conclusions.
How does a grandmother feel about her grandson and how does this characterize her?
Pay attention to the speech of the grandmother, rich in folk expressions, colloquial, colloquial words. Give examples. For what purpose does the author exactly reproduce the speech of the grandmother, without replacing it with the correct literary speech?
How does grandmother's love for flowers and decorating winter windows characterize her?
Assignment to group 2
Make a coherent story about the teacher of the Ovsyansky elementary school, including quotes, your observations, conclusions.
Pay attention to the teacher's appearance. What can you say about a person by the expression of his eyes, the details of his appearance?
How teachers describe his actions, attitude towards people:
a) taking care of the school;
b) attitude towards children and villagers;
c) the case of the snake.
What is the attitude towards a teacher in the village? Give examples. Why?
Start your story with the words:
Task for group 3
Make a coherent story about the school of the 30s and students, including quotes, your observations, conclusions.
Describe the school in which the hero studied. What details did you pay attention to? What feelings did you experience?
Reread the description of school photography. How do you imagine the students of the “Ovsyansky elementary school”? What does this photo make you think about?
Pay attention to one of the students of the school, Sanka. Describe it.
Start your story with the words:
Task for group 4
Write a coherent story about your protagonist, including quotes, observations, and conclusions.
How do you imagine the main character? Describe it by analyzing the following episodes of the story:
a) arrival of the photographer;
b) illness;
c) observation of the flower;
d) attitude towards school photography.
Find definitions. What is he, the hero of the story?
Start your story with the words: “
(students work in groups, answer)
VI ... Statement of a problematic question. Building a way out of a problem situation
Teacher's word: Answer my question: What is human beauty and what is it?
(After reading V. Astafiev's story "A photograph in which I am not," you begin to understand what the inner beauty of a village man is.
Astafiev's story describes the people of a simple village. They do not live well, their life is very simple. But the main thing is that, living in difficult conditions, they retained their warmth and give it to others. The villagers, as portrayed by the author, are illiterate, their speech is simple, they always speak with a soul. Isn't this the beauty of man? Really kind people, always ready to help. Astafiev especially emphasizes the life and simplicity of the village. Without any frills and amenities at home, courtyards. People living in a village are not always beautiful in appearance. Astafyev's friend did not go to be photographed because his friend is sick. Sanka feels that he too is to blame for his friend's illness. He overcomes the great temptation, because the photographer is a rare occasion in the village. This is an example of friendship, devotion, conscience. The village women help the teacher and his wife, bring food, take care of the child, and mentor the young teacher. An example of respect, help and mutual assistance. It is very rare to find such a thing these days when neighbors help each other. Without any fee, they sew up felt boots for the school teacher. He is respected and loved already because he greets everyone and will never refuse anything.
The village lives like one big family, friendly and strong. Let there be sometimes quarrels in her, but by the power of good, helping and forgiving, you can overcome all adversity. A kind, open person, everyone always likes him, he brings light with him to the society he finds himself in. There are a lot of outwardly beautiful people, but some of them may be with a cold soul, which very often repels and offends others. But a truly beautiful person is one who is beautiful in soul, beautiful in his actions, in the words with which he expresses his thoughts, in his smile. Beauty lies in the heart!)
Vii ... Physical education
“Sit back more comfortably, close your eyes. Imagine that you are lying in a beautiful meadow. Take a deep breath and exhale slowly, let all tension go away. Around there is green grass, in the distance there is a large forest, birds are singing. You feel how warm the earth is. The bright sun is shining. One warm ray fell on your face. The face became warm and relaxed. And the ray of light went to walk further through your body. It is good and pleasant for you to bask in the sun. Around there is green grass, in the distance there is a large forest, birds are singing. You feel how warm the earth is. The earth gives you strength and confidence. Take a deep breath and exhale slowly, let all tension go away. Once again, inhale and exhale ... At the expense of 5, you will be back. 1 - you feel how good it is to lie down and rest. 2,3,4 - your eyes open, 5 - you return to the lesson full of strength and confidence.
Teacher's word:Let's turn to the ending of the story and read from the words
School photography is still alive. She turned yellow, broke off in the corners. But I recognize all the guys on it. Many of them were killed in the war. The whole world knows the famous name - Siberian.
I look, sometimes smile, remembering, but I can’t laugh and even more so mock the village photographs, no matter how ridiculous they may be at times. Let the pompous soldier or non-commissioned officer be filmed at a flirty nightstand, in belts, in polished boots - most of them are on the walls of Russian huts, because only soldiers could be seen on a card before; let my aunts and uncles flaunt in a plywood car, one aunt in a hat like a crow's nest, an uncle in a leather helmet over his eyes; let the Cossack, or rather, my little brother Kesha, with his head sticking out into the hole in the fabric, portray a Cossack with gazyry and a dagger; Let people with harmonicas, balalaikas, guitars, watches protruding from under their sleeves, and other objects that demonstrate wealth in the house stare at the photographs.
I'm not laughing anyway.
Rural photography is an original chronicle of our people, its wall history, and it’s still not funny because the photo was taken against the background of a patrimonial, ruined nest.
Teacher's word:As you understand the last line of the story "Village photography is an original chronicle of our people, its wall history, and it’s still not funny because the photo was taken against the background of a patrimonial, ruined nest."? Why is photography so dear to the already matured hero?
(The history of the country is made up of the stories and destinies of individual people. The writer cherishes the time of his childhood, which has become history. Photo of those yearsbecome a reflection of the history of the village and the people in general.But only photography is capable of capturing an era, creating a portrait of it, but also a person's memory).
VIII ... Incorporation of new material into the knowledge system
Teacher's word:Listen to a poem by our contemporary author Anna Chebotnikova.
Old photos.
There are photos in the old album -
It's scary to think how old they are! -
Time has stopped in everyone's frame.
Black and white strict color is very dear to me.
And still younger in this color!
Memories are streaming again.
And these faces are close to me, though stricter
Eyes look, which are kinder in the world!
Let's turn to our memory. You brought the oldest photograph of your family to class. Time cannot be stopped, but capturing a moment of time, a moment is possible, and photography helps us in this. Your photographs show the imprint of time with its characteristic aura, atmosphere, and its inherent details of everyday life.
(students talk about their photos)
Teacher's word:I ask you to return to the beginning of the lesson and once again pay attention to the epigraph. Why, in your opinion, I took these lines for our lesson?(30 years - difficult, pre-war, the whole fate of Russia is not easy).
Teacher's word:Let's work in groups again, and I have a task for you: to compose syncwines with the concepts that we talked about today. Group 1 - memory, group 2 - beauty, group 3 - photography, group 4 - past.
I remind you how sinkwine is made... (slide)
Teacher's word:The story we talked about today is a story about memory, about the past, including childhood. And an integral part of this blessed memory is remembering about the school and about your class. Now I will ask you to think about what you will take with you from the lesson, but along the way, look at the photo presentation of your class, prepared by_______ (students prepare a presentation from photos of their class in advance).
IX ... Reflection
What did you learn in class today?
What are you thinking about?
What happened?
What else needs to be worked on?
Development content
V.P. Astafiev "A photograph in which I am not"
How many yellow pictures in Russia
With such a simple and delicate frame!
And suddenly he opened up to me and amazed
Orphan meaning of family photos:
By fire, hostility
The earth is full,
And the soul will not forget all loved ones ...
(N. Rubtsov)
Task for group 1 Make a coherent story about the hero's grandmother, including quotes, your observations, conclusions. How does a grandmother feel about her grandson and how does this characterize her? Pay attention to the speech of the grandmother, rich in folk expressions, colloquial, colloquial words. Give examples. For what purpose does the author exactly reproduce the speech of the grandmother, without replacing it with the correct literary speech? How does grandmother's love for flowers and decorating winter windows characterize her? Start your story with the words: “The main thing that the writer draws in close-up is human characters ...”.
Assignment to group 2 Make a coherent story about the teacher of the Ovsyansky elementary school, including quotes, your observations, conclusions. Pay attention to the teacher's appearance. What can you say about a person by the expression of his eyes, the details of his appearance? How do teachers characterize his actions, attitude towards people: a) caring for the school; b) attitude towards children and villagers; c) the case of the snake. What is the attitude towards a teacher in the village? Give examples. Why? Start your story with the words: "In memories of distant childhood, one of the main places is occupied by the teacher ..."
Task for group 3 Make a coherent story about the school of the 30s and students, including quotes, your observations, conclusions. Describe the school in which the hero studied. What details did you pay attention to? What feelings did you experience? Reread the description of school photography. How do you imagine the students of the “Ovsyansky elementary school”? What does this photo make you think about? Pay attention to one of the students of the school, Sanka. Describe it. Start your story with the words: “The writer restores the past years with strokes, details ...”.
Task for group 4 Write a coherent story about your protagonist, including quotes, observations, and conclusions. How do you imagine the main character? Describe it by analyzing the following episodes of the story: a) arrival of the photographer; b) illness; c) observation of the flower; d) attitude towards school photography. Find definitions. What is he, the hero of the story? Start your story with the words: “ Recalling his distant childhood, the author talks about human characters, human relationships, and from these memories we can judge the storyteller himself ... ”.
Sinkwine
1 noun
2 adjectives
4-word phrase
New sound
1 noun
