Every day a person is faced with a mass of life tasks that must be solved logically. These include the correct construction of the work schedule, office moments and even personal life. It would seem that everything is quite simple: exclude unimportant details, focus on serious aspects, thereby setting priorities correctly. However, in practice, the situation requires some effort. You can develop logic on your own without signing up for special courses. Let's consider all the nuances in more detail.

Logical thinking: what is it?

The concept of "logical thinking" is easier to explain if you break the word combination into "logic" and "thinking". Let's try to figure it out together, highlighting the main thing.

Logics
The concept comes from the Greek "reasoning", "thought", "the art of reasoning correctly", "the science of thinking." Let's break down the concept, taking the science of correct thinking as a basis. It consists of several aspects, such as laws, methods and forms of human intelligence, namely his thoughts.

Logic is needed in order to achieve truth in the process of reasoning. Thanks to active brain activity, a certain scheme is launched that leads a person to the final point. The result is taken not by intuition, but from previously acquired knowledge.

For this reason, logic is often referred to as the science that allows you to reach inferences through multiple inferences and their connection. The main task of logic is to generalize the available fragments together. As a result, a person receives true knowledge with regards to the subject of reflection.

Thinking

The concept is directly related to the mental activity of a person. It forces you to process information at a subconscious level. This must be done in order to establish a connection between the studied objects, to highlight their forms and meaning among other bodies of the environment.

Thinking allows you to find a connection between aspects of reality. However, for the process to take place at the "correct" level, you need to think objectively. That is, before the main tasks, it is important to put yourself in the center of the current process, and not to observe everything from the outside. Objective, or logical thinking must obey the basic laws of logic.

Logical thinking
From the above, we can conclude about what "logical thinking" is. As a result of the thought process, a person applies the knowledge gained earlier. Then, by reasoning, they are processed. All constructions are linked in a logical chain in order. Conclusions are based not on assumptions, but on clear evidence, facts, prudence, objectivity, general laws of logic. Ultimately, on the basis of the existing premises, the truth is obtained.

Why develop logical thinking

It is human by nature to process information by brainstorming. Simply put, all people think this is a completely natural process. Thinking allows you to build a chain of personal behavior, draw the right conclusions in a given situation, and take action. These aspects play an important role in situations where an urgent decision needs to be made. Ultimately, the goal will be achieved by logical reasoning.

When you fully learn the art of analyzing information, questions will be resolved many times faster. Thanks to the correct collection and processing of information, you can build a long-term perspective regarding your own actions. Aspects like this help people feel comfortable in any situation. You will calculate possible nuances in advance, then immediately exclude them in your head by looking for a new solution. You should always think logically, no matter if you are at work or at home.

The world's greatest minds every year come up with new ways to develop logical thinking. Experienced business coaches, politicians, psychologists - they all help people develop. The most relevant ways to achieve the desired are puzzles aimed at the manifestation of logic. Also effective are games, a set of exercises for objective thinking, reading scientific and fictional literature, and learning foreign languages.

Method number 1. Reading

  1. Many people know that books allow you to gain wisdom, become a versatile and well-read person. However, success can only be achieved through fiction or non-fiction. It is in such publications that there is more knowledge than in numerous reference books.
  2. To develop logical thinking, read at least 10 sheets daily. At the same time, it is important to analyze each line, gradually accumulating information in your head. The brain has selective properties, so at a certain moment you will be able to retrieve the necessary information.
  3. In the process of reading, analyze the chapters, try to initially think logically. Place your bets on what the end of the book will be, how this or that character will act in a particular situation. The world bestseller is the book by A. Conan Doyle "Sherlock Holmes". The work helps to develop logical thinking and while away the evening in pleasant company.

Method number 2. Games

  1. The most common games aimed at developing logical thinking are checkers and chess. In the process of rivalry, opponents calculate their actions many steps forward. It is this move that allows you to win, nothing else. It is not difficult to learn tactics; it is enough to devote 2-3 hours daily to this matter. Since the age of technology leaves its mark on society, you can play on your computer, phone or tablet. In this case, you will have access to the logic simulator around the clock, regardless of the place and other "live" rivals.
  2. The next most popular game is the "Scrabble" game. Many have heard about her since childhood. Linguistic trainer for people who have a small vocabulary and slow logic. As a result of the manipulations, you will learn how to make words from the available letters, laying them out in a certain sequence. As in the previous case, you can play on a PC or smartphone. In addition to developing logic, you will become more concentrated, more attentive.
  3. To improve logical thinking, you can play with words. There are several variations of such an adventure, we will consider them in order. Some people prefer to name one long word (the number of letters is from 10), after which the task of other participants is to compose other words from the “raw material”. The winner is the one with the largest number. The second option is as follows: a person names a word, the next one pronounces another word, starting with the last letter of the previous one. For example, you said "sailor", the opponent answered "apartment".
  4. The World Wide Web is literally replete with various banners that offer to go to a site with logical riddles. Such a move will allow developing thinking not only in adults, but also in children. Also popular games are crosswords, sudoku, rebuses, reverse. Download applications to your smartphone that help develop logical thinking. Such a move will allow you to train your brain on public transport or in a traffic jam. This is much more useful than studying flyers and tired faces of people.
  5. Take a closer look at games like "Rubik's cube" or backgammon, collect a puzzle, play poker. Thanks to increased concentration, memory and logical thinking develop. The World Wide Web allows you to play without a second partner, which is an indisputable plus. You can solve the Rubik's Cube while taking a break between classes or at lunchtime. The main thing in any business is regularity. Perform simple manipulations daily to achieve maximum results.

Method number 3. Exercises

  1. Math problems and logical chains from the school (institute) curriculum will help develop logic quickly enough. Find old textbooks and start manipulating. Do the exercise daily for 30-60 minutes. It will be especially difficult for the humanities, for whom mathematics is a bone in their throats. The analogue is the search for analogies or the decoding of anagrams.
  2. Consider an exercise that involves arranging words or phrases on the same subject. The main task is as follows: it is necessary to arrange words from smallest to largest. That is, the first designation characterizes a specific species, and the last one is a generalized concept. Let's take an example with the word "violet". Violet - name - flower - plant. The more you pick up words and arrange them in one chain, the more logical thinking will be involved. The complex must be performed at least 2 times a day for 15 minutes.
  3. Another exercise is aimed not only at logical thinking, but also the development of intellectual abilities, attentiveness, observation, concentration and general perception. The main point is considered to be that you need to determine how correct the conclusion is. Is it logical based on the connection between judgments.

For example: “Cats meow. Alice is a cat, therefore, she is able to meow! " The judgment is logically correct. If we talk about the wrong logic, then it looks like this: “Woolen clothes are warm. The boots are also warm, so they are made of wool! " Misjudgment, boots may not be made of wool, but their thermal qualities will surpass all expectations.

This exercise is often used by parents when working with children. It is important to ask your child to explain this or that conclusion. In this case, the child will quickly come to the desired conclusion.

Method number 4. Foreign language

  1. It is known that new information received activates brain activity, as a result of which all processes take place at the highest level. The sounds of foreign languages \u200b\u200bwill make you think logically, make associations between native and foreign speech.
  2. Find an online course on the Internet or download video tutorials, practice daily. Sign up for a language school, thoroughly learn English, Spanish or even Chinese.
  3. The effect of the knowledge gained will not be long in coming. Plus, you will be able to travel across countries, talking freely with the locals. Communicate in chats and forums with the inhabitants of Europe or America, develop the knowledge gained.

It is quite difficult to develop logical thinking, but the procedure cannot be called unrealistic. Consider popular games such as backgammon, checkers, chess, poker. Solve math problems, build logical chains using electronic resources, learn a foreign language.

Video: how to develop logic and speed of thinking

We often hear people complain about poor memory or complain of distraction. And, accordingly, they are looking for an opportunity to improve the memorization process, develop their attention and observation. But I have never heard someone say that they cannot think and would like to learn thinking. This is very strange, because thinking ability is important in any activity. Maybe this is happening because thinking is such a valuable gift that it is a shame to admit its lack?

Perhaps another equally important reason for unwillingness to develop thinking is the belief that it is impossible to do this in an adult. And the only way to become even a little smarter is to accumulate knowledge.

But this point of view is wrong. It is not only possible, but also necessary to develop thinking in an adult, and knowledge alone will not go far. Information, regardless of its volume, is only a building material for thinking. Bricks alone are not enough for a bricklayer to build a beautiful castle; he also needs skills, abilities, knowledge of techniques and craftsmanship as an alloy of all this put together.

You can, of course, recall the developers' statement that it does not change with age. But thinking is not really intelligence. Thinking is an activity, and any one requires mastering and developing skills. The process of forming thinking skills not only enriches a person with new ways and methods of thinking, but also develops and complicates the brain itself.

Our brain is a very flexible and sensitive instrument that is designed to be constantly active. The efficiency and quality of our thinking depends on it. Indeed, in the process of brain work, new connections are formed between neurons, neural networks become more complex, which means that the ability to think develops.

So, the answer to the question "is it necessary to develop thinking" is obvious. It remains to figure out how to do this.

Development of abstract logical thinking

It is considered the highest form of the thought process, although one can argue with this, since it is connected not with it, but with figurative thinking. But, one way or another, logic is necessary for an adult to solve a wide variety of problems: from everyday, everyday, to professional and scientific.

What to develop

Logical thinking is based on several mental operations:

  • Analysis is the division of a single whole into separate significant elements, an understanding of the structure of things and phenomena, their systemic organization.
  • Comparison is a comparison of individual elements of a system, individual things and phenomena in order to determine their similarities and differences.
  • Synthesis is the transition from individual elements to the whole, the unification of parts, often associated with their combination in a new combination.
  • Abstraction is a distraction from the inessential or the transition from objective thinking to thinking using abstract concepts (numbers, formulas), replacing concrete images with abstract concepts.

The first three basic operations can be illustrated by the common children's game of the colored pyramid. The child disassembles the already assembled pyramid and examines its rings - this is an analysis. Then, during the assembly process, he compares the rings in size, sometimes in color and shape - this is a comparison. Then he assembles a pyramid from separate elements - synthesis. This is how the thought process proceeds at the level of visual-effective thinking accessible to the baby. And we want to develop logical, so we will perform operations not with rings and cubes, but with concepts.

For logical thinking, developed speech is also necessary, since this thinking proceeds in a conceptual form. Moreover, this applies not only to oral, but also to written speech, which in itself is more logical and orderly.

How to develop

Logical thinking is based on strict laws and rules that were developed by ancient philosophers, and logic has always been considered the art of thinking. Although theoretical knowledge is useful, it is not sufficient for development. If you do not know them, then this is not an obstacle to development. Practice, mastering skills is more important here. And thinking skills, like any other skills, are formed in the process of training. And for those looking to develop their logic skills, there are several exercises to offer.

Exercises to develop logical thinking

There are many ways to develop logical thinking in activities. For example, psychologists advise reading more. And it doesn't matter, fiction or scientific literature, the main thing is to comprehend what you read, write down your thoughts, conclusions, argue with the author, catch him on contradictions. Board and computer games based on logic help well in the development of logic, for example, chess, checkers, sea battle and others.

You can also use specially designed exercises for this purpose.

Logic Chaining Exercise

This is one of the most common training tasks for the development of logic. It has many forms, types, modifications for different ages. Its goal is to learn how to establish logical connections between things, phenomena, concepts.

Option 1

Example: given two objects - a fish and a bottle. Find what connects them. Possible answers include the following:

  • both objects have a similar streamlined shape;
  • both fish and bottle are associated with water;
  • if the bottle is plastic, then, like a fish, it can swim;
  • fish and bottle may have the same color;
  • both objects contain substances useful to humans, etc.

Option 2

Two events take place, separated by a relatively short period of time:

  1. A pencil falls from the head of the firm's desk to the floor.
  2. A fire breaks out in the room of one of the southern resorts.

Establish a logical connection between the first and second event. See how many intermediate events there will be in your logical chain. Try to build another, where there are more or less events.

If the exercise is conducted in a group, it will be interesting to compare and analyze the logical chains of all participants, to choose the most interesting one. You can continue the exercise by inventing the next event and establishing a connection between the fire and it.

Exercise "Writing Proposals"

Logical thinking is closely related to speech activity; in general, it proceeds mainly in conceptual and sign form. Therefore, for the development of logical thinking, it is useful to write short (and long) stories, essays, notes, and keep a diary.

And for those who are not very good at it or feel sorry for the time, you can start with individual sentences. But not simple, but uniting unrelated concepts and objects. Your task is not just to write a sentence, but so that it looks quite logical.

Let's choose three objects that are not connected to each other as much as possible. For example: "squirrel", "helicopter" and "cup of cappuccino." Now create a phrase that would logically combine these objects. For example, you can write such a sentence: "I was relaxing on the veranda when a squirrel fell out of a helicopter flying over me and flopped right into my cup of cappuccino."

Try to come up with your own proposal or select the other three objects. For example: scissors, shark, shish kebab; book, lemon, circus, etc.

Exercise "I'll say it differently"

This exercise is also for the development of verbal thinking, which is the basis of logical thinking. Come up with some simple, even banal phrase regarding an ordinary event. For example: "We love Friday because it is the last day of the work week."

Now express the same idea, but in different words. The main condition: not a single word from the original phrase should be repeated. How many of these new sentences with the same meaning can you make?

Logical thinking is undoubtedly important, and it is impossible to do without it in any area of \u200b\u200blife. But imaginative thinking is no less significant.

Imaginative thinking and its development

Imaginative thinking is controlled by the right hemisphere of the brain, and the center of a person is also located there. This, in general, says it all. But the problem is that the right hemisphere first outstrips the left in development, and at the age of 3-5 it dominates in mental activity. But then the active development of the sign function (speech, writing, counting) stimulates the development of the left hemisphere, which is responsible for abstract-logical thinking. The activity of the right hemisphere decreases, and figurative thinking fades into the background.

"But what about creativity?" - you ask. That's it. , the development of creative potential is impossible without operations with images. And outside of creativity, this thinking is necessary. Associated with it is the ability to reproduce pictures, sounds, smells, movements, to analyze them, combine them, and include them in mental and objective activity. Moreover, it has been proven that any act of thought begins with the birth of images, and proceeds in close connection with them.

What to develop

Returning to the question of the development of figurative thinking, we will determine in which direction to move, what properties and qualities of our psyche need to be developed:

  • figurative;
  • operations with images, their analysis, comparison, combination;
  • imagination as the ability to create new images;
  • combinatorial activity - the ability to consciously and purposefully construct images from the elements of what is stored in memory;
  • to see the qualities and properties of things hidden from logical thinking;
  • ability to fantasize.

One of the most effective ways to develop imaginative thinking is to engage in creativity. It helps keep the right hemisphere in good shape at all times, so many of the exercises contain an element of creativity.

Exercise "Recreation of images"

Most of us are concerned with the accumulation of knowledge. We strive to memorize the necessary information, names, dates, numbers, rules. Do we often try to remember and consciously preserve images in our memory? Are they less important? For example, the image of an autumn park in your hometown or the face of a loved one, the smell of grandma's pies or the sound of the surf. After all, most often what we remember is random scraps of impressions. Let's try to change this and practice rendering the images.

Let's start simple. Think of the face of a loved one. Try to reproduce it in detail, remembering every stroke, wrinkle, mole. Now imagine that this person is smiling, sad, frowning, winking at you.

Now let's move on to more difficult tasks.

Imagine five colored objects. First, five red, for example, a strawberry, a balloon, etc. Then five orange, and so on along the entire spectrum. To avoid confusion, write down these seven groups of objects in order.

Imagine the image of a tree you are familiar with (birch under the window, maple on the way to work). Try to remember it in detail and pay attention to what time of year you see this tree. Now imagine how the image will change at another time - in autumn, winter, spring, summer. The image of a tree can be replaced with the image of a house or street, river or courtyard.

Remember and imagine different sounds: 5 sounds of nature (the sound of rain, rustle of autumn leaves, etc.), 5 sounds of the city, 5 sounds made by animals, 5 sounds of mechanisms.

Remember and imagine in detail some event (holiday, family dinner, meeting with the boss, etc.). Try to remember images of people, furniture, utensils, trying to imagine colors, sounds, tastes and smells.

Exercises "Fantastic Images"

Creative is the "aerobatics" of figurative thinking, so we will practice creating new images. Of what? And from everything that is in our memory. But to facilitate the process, let's take some basis. For example, a sign. This is an attribute of logical thinking, the more interesting it is to use it for the development of figurative thinking.

A sign - it can be a number, a letter or some kind of mathematical symbol such as an integral - an abstract object, it does not exist in the objective world. But we will remove this injustice. Imagine, for example, the number 4 as a material and living being, endowed with its own characteristics, character, habits, preferences. And write a short story. Try to keep the image of the four as realistic as possible. Think about where she lives, what she prefers for lunch, who she is friends with, what she does.

At first, this may seem difficult and even strange. But do not give up, this left hemisphere, outraged by the illogical thinking, blocks the flight of fantasy. Do not let him suppress your imagination, connect him to work. What is more logical for the number 4? Which activity would suit her better?

You can also create an image of sound, such as the noise of a vacuum cleaner. What is he - good or evil, warm or cold? What color is the sound of the vacuum cleaner? Why are cats afraid of him? Maybe they see some kind of evil creature? What does it look like?

Both children and adults love games with images, but these are not just games, they are a very powerful tool for the development of our thinking and psyche in general. After all, everything that goes beyond the boring and gray routine makes the gears of our brain spin faster. Don't let them rust without work. After all, even the medieval philosopher Rene Descartes said: "Сogito ergo sum" - "I think, therefore I exist."

In previous articles, we talked about how to develop thinking in a child. But what about adults? Can't the level of thinking that we achieved in childhood and school years be improved here? Is it really only necessary to improve memory, attention, perception, gain new knowledge, and thinking will remain at the same level?

We are glad to dissuade you: thinking is a process of cognition, it is an activity that requires mastering and improvement, the formation of thinking skills. Forming these skills, we are enriched with new techniques and ways of thinking and, which is important, we contribute to the development of our brain. How is it?

How to develop thinking in an adult

By developing the brain, we create the prerequisites for the development of thinking, and by improving the functioning of the brain, we improve thinking.

The fact is that our brain is designed for active work, it has the property of plasticity, that is, until a ripe old age, it is able to process new information, adapt to new, changed conditions, create new connections between neurons, recover from injuries and even replenish lost neural connections ... Providing the brain for processing interesting, important information - "food" - we contribute to the creation of new neural networks, ensure the activity of the brain. You can read about what nutrition is needed to improve brain function.

How to develop abstract logical thinking

The development of abstract-logical thinking presupposes the development of speech, because it is the conceptual form that distinguishes this type of thinking. To develop speech, you need to read more. You can develop speech by retelling the text. Poetic or prosaic, artistic, scientific or journalistic, oral or written - it doesn't matter, just choose what suits you and try it.

Written speech is good for its orderliness, it is easier to logically build it. Remember how you wrote an essay at school: after reading what was written, I often wanted to make edits to the draft, remove one piece, move the other, add something, correct something. You can't work like that verbally.

Logical thinking involves the use of certain operations. They are well known, and yet let's call them:

Analysis is the process of dividing the whole into its constituent parts, understanding the structure and principles of organization.

Synthesis is a process of transition from parts to a whole, unification, and often combining these parts in a new way.

Comparison - comparing with something, identifying similarities and differences.

Abstraction - replacing concrete objects and images with abstract concepts, or operating with formulas and numbers (that is, abstract concepts), or abstraction from something insignificant.

How to develop logical thinking through exercise?

Let's try to play a little.

Logic Chaining Exercise

Your task is to find what any two objects can have in common, the names of which come to your mind. Try to select several objects that are completely different from each other, and try to find something that could connect them. For example, a sugar bowl and tweezers:

- these are devices;

- before their manufacture, it is required to complete the drawings;

- they are solid;

- they are of comparable size;

- they can be used in the kitchen;

- they can be used together (for example, get sugar lumps out of a sugar bowl with tweezers);

- their surfaces may be shiny;

Or consider another example, a cactus and a hammer:

- both can be injured;

Are material objects;

- both of organic material (if the hammer has a wooden handle);

- commensurate in size;

- can have an elongated, elongated shape;

- can be used within the apartment

The second variant of "Logical Chains":

Think of any two events between which relatively little time has elapsed. For instance:

1. Zinaida Ivanovna's morning coffee "ran away" by filling the stove.

2. A yellow leaf fell from the poplar.

Assignment: Try to find intermediate events that logically follow from each other and lead in the end from the first event to the second. For instance:

Zinaida Ivanovna's morning coffee "ran away", flooding the stove \u003d\u003e so she hesitated and was late for work \u003d\u003e she was annoyed \u003d\u003e took the evil out on a colleague \u003d\u003e received a negative emotion in response \u003d\u003e ran out, upset, not making out the road \u003d\u003e ran into a young woman poplar tree \u003d\u003e a yellow leaf fell from the poplar.

If there are a lot of players, you can come up with and compare several options and choose the most interesting one, which will become the "winner".

How to develop logical thinking in another way?

Try to enter a diary, or do poetry, or try to tell about something in writing. It doesn't matter if the story will turn out, or a note, or a sketch, or a poem (a blank verse is also welcome!)

Why does it work? Because logical thinking is inextricably linked with speech, and is realized mainly in the form of signs and concepts.

What if creativity is "not your strong point"?

First, it's worth trying, and if you don't even want to try, you can go the other way. To do this, name any three objects at random, for example: elephant, chair, fan. Now come up with a sentence that logically fits all three selected objects. For instance:

There was a plate of sliced \u200b\u200bfruit on a chair, and Timka was sitting on the carpet, watching a cartoon about an elephant, chewing on a slice of apple and waving his grandmother's fan.

Or show your imagination by combining the words hammer, fish, geyser in a sentence. For example, like this: "Grandfather threw a hammer into the geyser, and from the depths to the very top of the fountain a real fish flew up, and not simple, but golden, and threatened Grandfather with a fin."

How to develop verbal thinking in an adult?

Verbal thinking (thinking based on words) is the basis of logical thinking. He can be trained with or without a company. It's very simple: you take any sentence containing a complete thought, and try to retell it in such a way as not to use a single word from those contained in the original sentence. For instance:

Water lilies have opened up on the lake.

White lilies bloomed in the pond.

Above the surface of the reservoir, there was a blooming overgrowth-grass.

The power of imaginative thinking

Imaginative thinking, controlled by the right hemisphere of the brain, also needs to be developed. As children, we actively use it (at about the age of three or five), but then abstract-logical thinking comes to replace it, helping to master counting, writing, speech - and this is the sphere of responsibility of the left hemisphere. But creativity, creativity without working with images is impossible. Imaginative thinking allows us to remember and reproduce smells and sounds, pictures and movements, combine them and analyze them. It is proved that the thought process not only proceeds, being closely related to the image, but also begins with its birth. Creativity is the most effective way to develop imaginative thinking. The right hemisphere is actively involved in the creative process, so many of the exercises and assignments contain creative elements.

How to develop thinking?

Thanks to books, teachers, the Internet and other sources, our knowledge is constantly updated. Some information is outdated and replaced by another. Knowledge, of course, is very important, but even more important is how we will be able to dispose of it, that is, developed thinking, because it is thanks to it that we can work with the information received, use it, invent something new, improve what has already been done, get benefit, solve current tasks and problems, find a way out of this situation. Whenever we are interested in something, curious, studying, asking new questions, we train our thinking.

You can develop thinking, memory, perception, attention in a fun way with the help of educational games. You just need to do it every day and with pleasure!

We sincerely wish you success in your self-development!

Thinking - a tool that every person has, solving various problems in life. Thinking can be developed, change its speed, depth, freedom, meaningfulness. Also, thinking can become more interesting and positive.

Development of logical thinking

Logical thinking very useful for every person. It will facilitate the understanding of any laws in science or society. Logic is often needed in everyday life.

The brain needs constant training in order to maintain its mental activity, to have good thinking and memory. Regular exercise can improve your thinking performance.

Have fun with good

  1. Start solving logic puzzles for children and adults (puzzles, find 10 differences, riddles for attention).
  2. Find games that develop attention and logic that you can play with your friends and no matter how old you are, it will be fun and enjoyable with your friends.
  3. Use IQ tests. There are interesting tasks that require a lot of logical thinking. Although, in addition to IQ tests, there are many others.

Educate yourself

For example, you can start with the mega-useful course Money and the Millionaire Mind.

Developing critical thinking

Critical thinking is a step towards active, creative methods. What is critical thinking?

  1. Thinking is independent, and the owner puts his ideas, assesses the situation, has his own beliefs independently of others.
  2. Obtaining information is just the beginning, and the end will be processing, that is. generating a complex thought as a conclusion. Another thought is subjected to critical thinking.
  3. This kind of thinking starts with asking questions and defining problems.
  4. Critical thinking is a convincing argument, evidence, conclusion.
  5. Such thinking helps to produce an exchange of opinions, points of view.

How to develop critical thinking?

  1. Assess reality. Reality is a world independent of your desires. Your thinking will be most effective if you learn to understand and "translate" this reality.
  2. Mass hobbies. A concept becomes popular, a large number of people accept it, that is, create a crowd. And there can be no question of critical thinking, but only of consistency. Think before you join.
  3. Draw parallels between observation and inference.
  4. Don't judge a situation or a person until you've verified your information.
  5. Don't lose your sense of humor.
  6. Be curious. There are many unknown, interesting, shocking things in the world. The presence of curiosity indicates the presence of the mind. A curious person is looking for new ways, ways of solving problems, for example, which gives him new opportunities.
  7. Don't let your emotions run wild because they can cloud your mind. A prime example is anger, which can cause you to do things that you will regret.
  8. Don't overestimate your self-esteem.
  9. Learn to listen to people.
  10. Use your intuition, don't ignore. Because such thoughts can occur to you on a subconscious level. This is the result of once accepted information, which you probably already do not remember.

Thinking tasks

1) What number is hidden under the car?

2) Find an extra piece. Only 15% of people can handle this task.

3) Where does the bus go?

1. 87, just flip the photo.
2. Answer -1, because it is a standard, because the rest of the figures are modified, either the shape, or the color, or the frame are changed.
3. While the bus is going forward and moving on the right side, as usual, it moves to the left. Because the door is not visible.

Development of speed reading

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Verbal counting

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Development of creative thinking

Creative thinking - thinking in which the owner finds unusual solutions, improved or shorter, the best. Creative thinking will allow you to generate new ideas.

Thinking creatively will give you the opportunity to try your hand at art. You must be able to find yourself in music or drawing, poetry or something unusual. For example, creating sculptures from improvised means and so on.

Here are some interesting exercises for developing creative thinking:

  1. Find a drama or horror movie and convert it into a comedy genre.
  2. Also try the opposite. Make a comedy into a drama.
  3. Come up with a script for the movie. Take 2-3 pairs of people who have disagreements with each other and develop this story.
  4. Imagine a person or animal or object that could become a serial killer.

Thus, scripts for films and books can appear. And the very process of such a game will be fun for you and the circle of people with whom you will try to discuss it. This exercise is more interesting to perform in the company of friends and acquaintances.

Development of thinking in children

The mental activity of a child has a special structure of cognition. When the baby is born, he begins to study everything around, draw parallels, look for connections between his discoveries. Gradually developing, the child begins to reason, imagine, a fantasy world appears, and speech not only appears, but also becomes more literate over time.

Anagrams

Gorbov-Schulte tables

Color matrix game

The "color matrix" game will be an excellent trainer for your thinking. A field of cells will open in front of you, each of which will be painted over with one of two colors.

Your aim: determine which color is more. The game is, of course, for a while and therefore you have to try. As the game progresses, the field will expand if the answers are correct or narrow if the answers are incorrect.

Game "Quick Count"

A quick score game will help you improve your thinking... The essence of the game is that in the picture presented to you, you will need to choose the answer "yes" or "no" to the question "are there 5 identical fruits?" Follow your goal, and this game will help you with this.

Simplification game

The Simplification game is a wonderful simulator, not only for verbal counting, but also for logic. You will come across examples both simple and complex. But not everything is so difficult in fact, you just need to guess how to simplify or find the answer from the proposed answers. For this you have to think logically!

Numeric Reach: Revolution Game

An interesting and useful game "Numeric Reach: Revolution", which will help you improve and develop memory... The essence of the game is that the monitor will display numbers in order, one by one, which you should remember and then reproduce. Such strings will consist of 4, 5 and even 6 digits. Time is limited. How many points can you score in this game?

Memory Matrix game

Memory Matrices is an excellent game to train and develop your memory. In the presented game, you will need to remember the placement of the filled cells, and then reproduce them from memory. How many levels can you pass? Remember, time is limited!

Game "2 back"

Memory comparison game

Another game that can be attributed to exercises for memory is "Comparison from memory". Good exercise for memory development and quickness of thought. At the beginning, a number is given that should be remembered, then the second is given, and you will need to answer a question that does not change during the game. A wonderful game to train your brain. Let's try to improve your memory with us!

Thinking development lessons

A good exercise in creativity, as you finally fill in the field, you will understand how highly developed your thinking is. Below you will see a field of crosses. Your goal is to add a picture to each cross. Thinking, creativity and imagination come into play:

When filling out, pay attention to this picture (below), maybe you will find some drawing from the ones you just drew.

Also try a field not with crosses, but with other shapes, or, simply, with a different blank. These can be triangles, circles, squares, and so on. For instance:

And another example:

Exercise - Architect

Imagine that you are an architect. Your goal is to design a house. It doesn't matter whether you can draw or not, whether you can draw, it doesn't matter. The point is completely different and no less interesting: Place a piece of paper in front of you and write ten nouns on it. They can be absolutely anything: Orange, water, tomato, cloud, smoke and so on ... Then the fun begins. These ten words become customer terms. If it's an orange, then you can paint the roof of the house orange. Water? Make the river behind the house. Tomato? Paint the floor in your home red. Here your imagination and thinking are released. Try to make it as interesting as possible, make up words as hard as possible.

Thinking development technologies

The technology for the development of critical thinking is represented by three stages:

1. Call. In the knowledge or experience gained earlier, a gap is sought, which is now the goal of eliminating. That is, the goal is set to close this knowledge gap.

2. Comprehension. A person with a serious goal of developing critical thinking should realize that it is necessary to keep a diary, draw tables in order to determine the level of understanding of a certain topic, information.

3. Reflection. At the stage of thinking, a person forms his attitude to text, information, book, picture. This attitude is often recorded or discussed with someone. This method will help not only in the development of critical thinking, but also in the development of communication skills.

The development of thinking in children 4-5 years old

There are good exercises for children to help them develop and train their thinking. These are the simplest exercises that will surely help them think and apply thinking to answer a question. If the child finds it difficult, then just push him.

Examples of Thinking Exercises

Exercise 1. The child's goal is to find an extra word. Below are rows of 4 words, and one of them is superfluous and your child must determine which one. Ask him the question "why did he choose this word?"

Birch, pine, linden, apple tree.
Bed, table, chest of drawers, spoon.
Oak, chamomile, rose, tulip.
Fork, spoon, chair, knife.
Candy, soup, halva, jam.
Skirt, hat, dress, slippers.
Apple, beet, pear, grapes.

Exercise 2. You come up with a word for the child, and he answers what this person needs from things. It may not be a person at all, but an animal or a bird, and the child names their elements. For instance:

Sparrow - branches, grains, puddle.
Doctor - gown, mask, syringe.
Janitor - broom, bucket, rake.
Little baby - rattle, diaper, pacifier.
Dog - booth, bone, leash.
Seller - cash desk, product, calculator.
Bee - flowers, nectar, beehive.
Artist - paints, brushes, canvas.
Mother - ...?
And you will learn a lot of interesting things about your status :)

Exercise 3. Name the constituent parts of certain objects, objects. The task is very difficult. During the exercise, the child's vocabulary will be replenished, since not all words are yet known to him, and you will help him with this. So:

The car - wheels, body, headlights, steering wheel (let the kid name as many elements as possible) ship - ...
airplane - ...
a train - ...
bike - ...
trolleybus - ...
table - ...
armchair - ...
book - ...
a computer - ...
guitar - ...
piano - ...
drum - ...
house - ...
fence - ...
flower - ...
wood - ...
mushroom - ...
bug - ...
butterfly - ...
dog - ...
person - ...
apple - ...
watermelon - ...

The development of thinking in children 6-7 years old

Exercise 1: Which means of transportation is superfluous out of four?

Exercise 2: Logical problem. Petya is stronger than Misha, but weaker than Kolya. Which of the guys is the weakest?

Exercise # 3: There are three buckets: green, yellow, blue. Grandfather, grandmother and grandson carried water in different buckets (each has its own color). Grandpa was neither green nor blue. Granny has neither green nor yellow. What did the grandson have?

It would also be helpful to teach your child how to play chess. This game perfectly develops a sense of thinking, logic, verbal counting and many other senses.

For the game "chess" a lot of problems are constantly composed and invented. For example: checkmate in 1 move or checkmate in 2 moves, it can be so in 4. Problems are very interesting, and to be able to solve them means to have good thinking.

The development of thinking in children 8-9 years old

The older the child gets, the more difficult the tasks must be for him. Below are exercises that will help the child to strain, think, reflect and reason for their answer:

Exercise 1: What can be in common and what is the difference between the following pairs of words?

  1. table chair
  2. Bird, plane
  3. Heaven, earth
  4. Day Night
  5. Hill, fossa
  6. skis, skates
  7. Tree, bush

Let them explain their position.

Exercise 2: How can 6 children be seated on 2 sofas? How to seat on 3 sofas? The answer should be given in numbers, and all possible answers should be used.

Exercise # 3: The child is called a series of words, and the child's goal is to combine words with one concept:

  1. perch, crucian carp, pike (fish)
  2. elephant, giraffe, ant (animals)
  3. autumn, summer, winter (seasons)
  4. shovel, rake, broom (tools)
  5. cheese, sour cream, butter (dairy products)
  6. hand, ears, legs (body parts)

Properties of thinking

There are several properties of thinking, which we have discussed below:

Thinking speed

Each person has their own speed of thinking, and therefore each person copes with the task in a different way. There are techniques for increasing the speed of thinking:

  1. Do facial gymnastics, that is. normal warming up of the facial muscles.
  2. Stop being lethargic, sleepy, and expressionless. The more lively you and your facial expressions, the more lively and thinking!
  3. Increase the speed of your inner reasoning and thoughts. This will help speed up your thinking.
  4. Try to massage your scalp regularly. Massage stimulates the blood vessels in the brain, which improves their work, and at this moment great thoughts may come to your head.
  5. Speed \u200b\u200breading training. By perceiving text faster, you not only improve your reading speed, but also your thought speed. Indeed, if you read faster and remember what you read, then your thoughts also speed up.

Meaningfulness of thinking

The most common type of thinking - internal chatter - is negative thinking, it "kind of fills" the spiritual emptiness, it is an illusion. This kind of thinking is a problem, a hindrance to concentrating on something. To keep thinking clear, you need to perform actions fully comprehending them. It is also advisable to write down thoughts, draw, narrate to friends, acquaintances, relatives.

    Take notes and drawings Get in the habit of expressing your thoughts in writing or drawing. Some people, explaining or telling something, not only speaks, but also draws, that is, puts you a picture, clarifies the situation.

    Share Your Thoughts It is helpful to share your thoughts with others who are really interested in it. Telling this to someone can help you get feedback. And another plus is that the more you tell your thoughts, the more understandable they will be for you (if there were any points that were not clear).

    Discuss Discussion of thoughts is effective. One head it's good, but two better. The main thing is that the discussion does not turn into a quarrel. If you suddenly disagree with the thesis of the interlocutor, then make up your own, but do not start a heated argument, but lead a calm conversation.

    Monitor Speech Thinking and speaking are closely related to each other. Therefore, in order to contribute to the development of thinking, it is worth building your speech correctly. Tip: exclude the words "problems", "horror", "difficult", include "interesting", "goal".

Why are speech and thinking closely related? Thinking is fleeting, it is difficult to remember, but speech is a different story. Speech is remembered and easier to follow. Want to improve your thinking? Pay attention to your speech.

    Pay attention to someone else's speech It's easier to follow someone else's speech than your own. Because someone else's speech is something new and all the flaws and failures in logic are heard in it. Studying the mistakes of someone else's speech will help you in finding mistakes in your speech.

    Improve your writing skills Analyzing text is like listening to someone else's speech. In both cases, you look for errors, roughness and take note of it. Improved thinking depends on word processing skills.

Depth and freedom of thought

People use their thinking in different ways and with varying degrees of freedom. It all depends on the position of perception. The depth and freedom of thinking can be represented in the form of several criteria:

  1. Patterned thinking, as a rule, this is the look of an egoist: “I forgot - it means does not respect”, “I didn’t kiss - it means that it doesn’t love” and so on.
  2. My interests: Does this concern me and my plans? "I cooked dinner, but he did not distract me - well, okay. If I wanted to kiss, then this is what I wanted, which means I will kiss when he comes."
  3. Interests of loved ones: "He was in such a hurry that he even forgot to kiss me. I love him :)"
  4. Objectivity: "The world is a stream of neutral events, nothing serious happened, it was just in a hurry."
  5. Systems view: He ran to work, takes care of us! My favorite!
  6. Angel position: My husband works for people, and this is very important. I'm proud of him!

Thinking efficiency

To create more effective thinking, you need to master meaningful thinking, and then master the directions of increasing the efficiency of thinking:

  1. Move from your feelings to specifics.
  2. Replace negative thinking with positive thinking.
  3. Find the bridge from good thinking to productive thinking.

Thinking management

Management of thinking is primarily related to the development of thinking and higher functions of human psychology, the development of will and attention.

It happens that useless and unnecessary thoughts are spinning in my head that I want to discard. Don't bother to root them out, but try:

  1. Think positively and constructively
  2. Engage in some kind of business so that thoughts are involved in this matter.
  3. Start remembering funny moments, positive stories and pleasant things that will create a good atmosphere.

Courses for the development and training of thinking

In addition to games, we have interesting courses that will perfectly pump your brain and improve memory, thinking, concentration of attention:

Money and Millionaire Mindset

Why are there problems with money? In this course, we will answer this question in detail, look deep into the problem, consider our relationship with money from a psychological, economic and emotional point of view. From the course you will learn what you need to do to solve all your financial problems, start accumulating money and invest it in the future.

Development of memory and attention in a child 5-10 years old

Purpose of the course: to develop memory and attention in a child so that it would be easier for him to study at school, so that he could better remember.

After completing the course, the child will be able to:

  1. 2-5 times better to memorize texts, faces, numbers, words
  2. Learn to memorize for a longer period
  3. The speed of remembering the necessary information will increase

Brain fitness secrets, train memory, attention, thinking, counting

If you want to speed up your brain, improve its performance, pump up memory, attention, concentration, develop more creativity, perform exciting exercises, train in a playful way and solve interesting problems, then sign up! 30 days of powerful brain fitness are guaranteed to you :)

Super memory in 30 days

As soon as you sign up for this course, you will begin a powerful 30-day training for the development of super-memory and pumping the brain.

Within 30 days after subscribing, you will receive interesting exercises and educational games to your mail, which you can apply in your life.

We will learn to memorize everything that may be required in work or personal life: learn to memorize texts, sequences of words, numbers, images, events that happened during the day, week, month, and even road maps.

Have you ever wondered what is the difference between analytical and critical thinking? Unfortunately, most people do not see much of a difference here and therefore do not fully exploit the possibility of a critical attitude to reality, or the potential of analysis that underlies logic.

Meanwhile, understanding these intellectual tools and developing them, we acquire the ability not only to learn more about the world, but also to transform it more effectively! How exactly do these intellectual processes help our brain?

Criticism VS Analytics

Critical thinking helps us:

  • assess whether the event actually took place,
  • make sure whether the information received can be trusted, and to what extent,
  • find out whether a given phenomenon, object, object or situation is useful or not for us,
  • make a conclusion, conclusion and give your assessment.

In other words, critical thinking helps us to form our opinion or belief about this or that information... Critical thinking can be conditionally called evaluative.

In turn, thinking analytically means:

  • understand the essence of the phenomenon;
  • understand causal relationships;
  • be able to decompose a complex problem into its component parts;
  • compare the probable solutions to the problem and choose the optimal one.

We use our ability for analytical thinking when we are required to decompose voluminous information into separate "pieces" and, moving step by step, to understand its essence and logic. Analytical thinking can be conventionally called rational, logical.

But how do you develop analytical thinking?

Developed analytical skills are useful to us both in everyday life and in professional activities.

A highly qualified specialist, regardless of the field in which he works, should be able to:

  • quickly determine the main and secondary in the incoming information,
  • solve complex problems,
  • find strengths and weaknesses in the event that happened,
  • identify opportunities and limitations,
  • make reasonable conclusions and conclusions,
  • make decisions based on statistical data,
  • design your activities in accordance with the goals,
  • divide the process into stages.

Let's play!

Let's look at special games for the development of analytical thinking.

  1. Jigsaw puzzles... Usually, it is recommended to collect jigsaw puzzles for mental training. But, if you really strive to develop your attention and ability for mental analysis, it is better not to collect puzzles, but ... to do them yourself. Such a creative way of training is much more difficult and therefore more productive for the mental development of a person.
  2. Quest... If your family loves to spend time together, then treasure hunt on the map is a great developmental exercise for everyone. If this game is intended only for children, then a map should be made that is understandable for the child. But nevertheless, the best solution would be a joint quest, in which children and their parents will join their efforts, reading the map and moving step by step to the place where the treasured treasure is hidden. Reading maps requires mentally translating real objects into symbols that represent them, and vice versa. That is why such a game is equally useful for those who draw and mark the map, and for those who will subsequently try to read and decipher this map.
  3. Ciphers and codes... By the way, any ciphers can also act as simulators for analytical thinking. Comparison of the cipher and the key to it, translation from one conventional language to another are wonderful playful ways of mental development.
  4. Puzzle... Let it be even the usual "Rubik's Cube". But its various variations have appeared long ago. The good thing about the puzzle is that it forces us to calculate our actions several steps ahead.
  5. Board games... It may seem archaic to some, but traditional board games are a very effective means of developing the ability to analyze. However, we are not talking about those games where success is determined solely by luck, as, for example, in children's games with throwing a dice indicating the number of moves allowed by the player. Only those games are really useful where players are required to carefully consider each of their next moves, taking into account the actions of the enemy and, if possible, foreseeing or even provoking the enemy to certain moves. In such games, skills are hone:
  • recognize the motives of others' actions,
  • understand the logic of other people's actions,
  • anticipate the likely decisions of others,
  • choose precise ways to react to the actions of others.

With Wikium, you can develop analytical thinking online

Online games like "Scrabble" contribute to the development of the skill of quickly analyzing and evaluating information, as well as choosing the correct wording or the right word.

And, of course, one should not forget about such a game that has been tested for centuries like chess! Chess belongs to those types of games that require the player to be able to analyze the situation on the board and develop a strategy for their actions, while trying to reveal the opponent's intentions. So, in addition to analytical thought, it also requires a strategic vision.

But perhaps the most effective brain training is due to our tendency to mental experimentation... This troubling question "What if ...?" captivates not only scientists, but also all those who like to pamper their minds with unusual tasks. Quite a lot of them have been accumulated, for every taste and different levels of complexity.

The most famous of these puzzle games is Prisoner's Dilemma.

However, it is no less exciting to try to figure it out, for example, with an experiment called "Mary's Room". Maria is a scientific researcher, very talented and capable. She sits in a special room or cell and observes the world around her through special windows, which are arranged in such a way that Mary sees the world only in black and white colors. She knows everything about light waves and how color arises and changes. But, alas, her knowledge is purely theoretical. She had never left her room in her life. What happens when Mary leaves the room and sees the real world in all its colors? Will she be able to recognize colors? For example, distinguish a red apple from a gray one? The essence of this thought experiment is, after analyzing the situation, to develop and substantiate all possible strategies for Mary's cognition of the world of colors.

And the experiment-game "Ideological Turing Test" will not only entertain the players, but also serve as a worthy trainer for developing the skills of analyzing the position of their opponent. In order to win, the first participant in the discussion must carefully analyze the argumentation of his opponent in the dispute and apply it in his speech so that the judges do not guess who the author of these arguments is - the first participant or his opponent.

The more sophisticated scholars may be attracted by unresolved scientific problems. There are still unanswered questions of a philosophical plan that continue to haunt our minds. Trying to simply grasp the depth of the question and enjoy the play of our mind trying to find the answer stimulates our brain activity.

Such questions include, for example:

  • Why is there always "something", but there is never "nothing"?
  • Why does our brain consist of atoms, but consciousness, which is a product of the brain, does not consist of atoms?
  • What gives us the right to assert that we and our whole world are really real, and not a simulacrum, an illusion?
  • Do we have free will, or are we something like a zombie without knowing it?
  • Are we able to be objective and, if so, in what situations?

There are not so many talented analysts. But regular exercise, even if it's just games, may well help you become just a good analyst. Which, in principle, is not so little.