Asia is the largest part of the world, forming Eurasia together with Europe. If we calculate the approximate area of \u200b\u200bAsia, then together with all the islands it will amount to 43.4 million square kilometers. As for the population, as of 2009, its number was 4.117 billion people, which corresponds to more than 60% of the total population of the planet.
The mainland of Asia is located in the northern and eastern hemispheres, with the exception of the Chukchi Peninsula. The Isthmus of Suez connects it with Africa, and North America is separated from Asia only by the narrow Bering Strait.
At the present time, the border between Europe and Asia is determined conditionally, taking into account, first of all, administrative units. Traditionally, it is believed that the eastern foot of the Ural Mountains is such a line, which further extends to the southern continuation of the Urals - Mugodzhary - mountains located in the western part of Kazakhstan. Then it continues along the Embe River, which starts at western slope Mugodzhar and lost in salt marshes just five kilometers from the Caspian Sea. Further, the border goes along the Araks River, the upper reaches of which are located on the territory of Turkey, separating most of the Ararat plain to Armenia, while the lower reaches already belong to Azerbaijan. Likewise, the Black and Marmara Seas are intermediate points between Asia Minor and Europe, in particular the Bosporus Strait, as well as further - the Dardanelles Strait, connecting the Sea of \u200b\u200bMarmara with the Aegean.
In addition to these seas, Asia in its western part is washed by other inland seas belonging to the Atlantic Ocean: the Azov and Mediterranean. However, this part of Eurasia is washed by all the other oceans - both the Pacific and Indian, and the Arctic.
The coast of Asia is relatively weakly dissected - a number of large peninsulas are distinguished in it: Asia Minor, which makes up the middle part of Turkey, and in the southwest of the mainland is the Arabian Peninsula, with the southern part of Iraq and Jordan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates and Oman ; Hindustan, most of which is occupied by the Deccan plateau; The Korean Peninsula - between the Japanese and Yellow Seas; and in Russia - Taimyr, Chukotka and Kamchatka.
More than two million square kilometers in Asia are occupied by large islands, mostly of continental origin, such as, for example, Sri Lanka; The Great Sunda Islands, which form the Malay Archipelago, which includes the islands of Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan and Sulawesi; Japanese, the largest of which are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku; Taiwan and the adjacent Pescadores; an archipelago of the Philippine Islands, consisting of more than seven thousand islands, the largest of which are Luzon, Mindanao, Mindoro, Leite, Samar, Negros and Panay.
There are 54 states on the territory of Asia, of which four are only partially recognized: these are Abkhazia, South Ossetia, Turkish Republic Northern Cyprus and the Republic of China (Taiwan). Several countries geographic location could belong to this continent, but for socio-cultural reasons, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Turkey and Cyprus are still often referred to as Europe.
Asia is the greatest part of the world, which is located on the same continent Eurasia with a part of the world Europe and covers an area of \u200b\u200babout 43.4 million km² (30% of the entire dry land of the globe). The highlight of this part of the world is due to the presence of historical and geographical barriers (which are always contested) between these parts of the world. Asia has a great length from north to south from Cape Chelyuskin on the Taimyr Peninsula to Cape Piai on the Malacca Peninsula.
Population of Asia: 4.3 billion people
Population density: 96 p./km²
Territory of Asia: 44,579,000 km²
The eastern border of Asia (and Eurasia) is Cape Dezhnev with America, the western border is on the Asia Minor peninsula - the Bosphorus and Dardanelles, only in the west Asia has land borders with Europe (Ural and Caucasus) and on the Isthmus of Suez with Africa. The main part of its territory goes directly to the seas and oceans.
Leaders in the number of Tourists:
1 PRC 57.58 million
2 Malaysia Malaysia 24.71 million
3 Hong Kong 22.32 million
4 Thailand 19.10 million
5 Macau 12.93 million
6 Singapore 10.39 million
7 South Korea 9.80 million
8 Indonesia 7.65 million
9 India 6.29 million
10 Japan 6.22 million
1 Saudi Arabia 17.34 million
2 Egypt 9.50 million
3 United Arab Emirates 8.13 million
Asia - the only part of the world that is washed by the waters of all four oceans. The seas here and there cut deeply into the Asian dry land. However, the influence of the oceans on its nature is limited. This is explained by the huge size of Asia, thanks to which significant areas of this part of the world are very remote from the oceans. The most remote hinterlands of Asia are several thousand kilometers from the oceans, while in Western Europe this distance is only 600 km.
Asia has the highest average height on Earth - 950 m (for comparison: Europe - 340 m), highest point the whole Earth, the famous Chomolungma (8848m). 2. Asia has the deepest oceanic trench - the Mariana in the Pacific Ocean (11022 m). In Asia, the deepest lake in the world - Baikal In Asia - the deepest depression of the Dead Sea (-395 m)
The shores of Asia are very cut. In the north, there are two large peninsulas - Taimyr and Chukotka, in the east, huge seas separated by the Kamchatka and Korea peninsulas, as well as chains of islands. In the south, there are three large peninsulas - Arabian, Hindustan, Indochina. They are separated by the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, wide open to the Indian Ocean, and, conversely, by the almost locked bodies of water of the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. To the southeast of Asia lies the huge archipelago of the Sunda Islands.
Asia accounts for more than 40% of the world's potential hydropower resources, of which China - 540 million kW, India - 75 million kW. 2. The utilization of river energy is very different: in Japan - by 70%, in India - by 14%, in Myanmar - by 1%. 3. The population density in the Yangtze Valley, the largest of the Asian rivers, reaches 500-600 people. On 1 sq. Km, in the Ganges delta - 400 people.
Most of the countries of Asia have direct access to one of the oceans, with an extended and fairly dissected coastline... The countries of Central Asia, as well as Afghanistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Mongolia, Laos, are landlocked. Asia is a crossroads of important sea communications. Most of the seas, bays and straits are living sea lanes.
Asia is rich in a variety of natural resources, but they are very unevenly located. The most important mineral resources are the reserves of fossil fuels. In the Persian Gulf region and a number of adjacent territories, the largest oil and gas province is located, including the territories of Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, and Qatar. Coal deposits are of great importance, the largest deposits of which are concentrated in the territory of two Asian giants - China and India. The richer countries of South, Southeast and East Asia are better off with ore minerals.
Fresh water resources are large, but their distribution is also uneven. Land availability is a problem for most regions. Southeast Asia is provided with forest resources better than other regions, where huge tracts of tropical forests are located. Among the trees you can find such valuable species as iron, sandalwood, black, red, camphor.
Many countries have significant recreational resources.
The number of inhabitants in Asia is constantly growing. This is due to the high natural increase, which in most countries exceeds 15 people per 1000 inhabitants. Asia has a colossal workforce. In 26 countries, more than a third of people are employed in agriculture. The population density in Asia varies quite widely (from 2 people / km2 in Central and South-West Asia to 300 people / km2 in East and Southeast Asia, in Bangladesh - 900 people / km2).
Asia is the world leader in the number of millionaire cities, the largest of which are Tokyo, Osaka, Chongqing, Shanghai, Seoul, Tehran, Beijing, Istanbul, Jakarta, Mumbai (Bombay), Kolkata, Manila, Karachi, Chennai (Madras), Dhaka, Bangkok.
Asia is the birthplace of three world and many national religions. The main confessions are Islam (Southwest Asia, partly South and Southeast Asia), Buddhism (South, Southeast and East Asia), Hinduism (India), Confucianism (China), Shintoism (Japan), Christianity (Philippines and some other countries), Judaism (Israel).
Detailed map Asia in Russian. Explore a satellite map of Asia. Zoom in and view streets, houses and landmarks on the map of Asia.
Asia - the largest part of the world on the planet. It stretches from the Mediterranean coast of the Middle East to the far shores of the Pacific Ocean, including China, Korea, Japan and India. The humid hot regions in southern Asia are separated from the cooler ones by a giant mountain range - the Himalayas.
Asia forms a continent with Europe Eurasia... The dividing border between Asia and Europe runs through the Ural Mountains. Asia is washed by the rhinestone waters of three oceans: the Pacific, the Arctic and the Indian. Also, many regions of Asia have access to the seas of the Atlantic Ocean. 54 states are located in this part of the world.
The highest mountain peak on Earth is Chomolungma (Everest). Its height above sea level is 8848 meters. This peak is part of the Himalayan system - a mountain range separating Nepal and China.
Asia is a very extended part of the world, so the climate in Asian countries is different and differs depending on the landscape and relief. In Asia, there are states with both subarctic and equatorial climatic zones. In the south of Asia, powerful winds blow from the sea - monsoons. Moisture-saturated air masses bring heavy rains.
Central Asia is located gobi desert, which is called cold. Its lifeless, windswept expanses are covered with rubble and sand. Orangutans, the only large apes living in Asia, live in the humid rainforests of Sumatra. This species is endangered today.
Asia- it is also the most populous part of the world, because more than 60% of the world's inhabitants live there. The largest population is in three Asian countries - India, Japan and China. However, there are also regions that are completely deserted.
Asia - this is the cradle of civilization of the entire planet, as Asia is home to the largest number of ethnic groups and peoples. Each of the Asian countries is unique in its own way, with its own traditions. Most of them live along the banks of rivers and oceans and are engaged in fishing and agriculture. Today, many peasants are moving from the countryside to the cities, which are highly expanding.
About 2/3 of the world's rice is grown in just two countries - China and India. Rice fields where young shoots are planted are covered with water.
The Ganges River in India is the busiest trading spot with numerous "floating markets". Hindus consider this river sacred and make massive pilgrimages to its banks.
The streets of Chinese cities are filled with cyclists. Bicycles are the most popular form of transportation in China. Almost all of the world's tea is grown in Asia. Tea plantations are processed by hand, only young leaves are picked and dried. Asia is home to religions such as Buddhism, Hinduism and Islam. There is a giant Buddha statue in Thailand.
The list of Central Asian countries is not too extensive, but the regions themselves occupy a sufficient part of the land in their territory. These regions have their own economies, rich history and unique cultural heritage. Before traveling to rest in these regions, you should familiarize yourself with the basic geographical information, superficially study the culture, economic nuances and many other useful aspects.
Asia is conditionally divided into the following regions: South part, North part, East Asia, South-East part, Western part, Central Asia, Central part, South-West part.
South Asia's composition: Bangladesh, Afghanistan, India, Iran, Nepal, Pakistan, Bhutan, Maldives and Sri Lanka.
The central part includes: Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and the eastern Russian part.
Countries of Central-East Asia: the same as in the central part, but additionally all of Korea, China, Japan and Mongolia join from the east.
Western part: Armenia, Palestine, Azerbaijan, Saudi Arabia, Georgia, Turkey, Bahrain, Syria, Israel, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Oman, Kuwait, Cyprus, Lebanon and Iraq.
The southeastern part consists of: Malaysia, Vietnam, Indonesia, Myanmar, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Singapore, Laos, Philippines, Cambodia, Laos.
The central part of Asia is the middle territory of the region, familiar to the majority of people who previously lived on the former borders of the USSR, into which Kazakhstan did not previously fit. Based on ethnic and cultural characteristics, the territorial composition of the Asian middle part may also include eastern Turkic peoples, such as the inhabitants of Tibet and the Mongols. Central Asia is surrounded by land on all sides, there is no exit to large bodies of water. The Caspian Sea does not flow anywhere, the reservoir has no outlet. The geographic center of Asia is the Republic of Tuva, located on the territory of the Russian Federation.
In any case, the central part of Asia will consist of the Central Asian republics of the previously known USSR and Kazakhstan. Also, this conditionally divided territorial markup includes partially or fully other states. List of Central Asian countries:
- - depending on different geographical sources, this country can be fully or partially included in other centers, for example, in the front or southern part of Asia;
- Indian region Ladakh;
- The central part is only partially included, but still most of it belongs to the western region;
- - partially;
- - completely;
- is part of the territorial composition of Central Asia, but if we consider the political aspect, then this site belongs to the eastern side;
- - closer to the eastern center than to the middle;
- geographically - central, but the political aspect relates it to the eastern territories;
- Part of the Russian Federation;
Historical and cultural heritage in the central countries
Today central part Asia consists of five full-fledged states: Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. Earlier, according to the Soviet state, Kazakhstan was not included in the list of the above Islamic states, it was equated closer to the Siberian region in Russia. Nonetheless, modern world believes otherwise that Kazakhstan is the middle part of Asia, and not otherwise. The total territorial area of \u200b\u200bthe Central Asian region is 3 million 994 thousand 300 square kilometers.
The region also includes some of the smallest countries in the world. In general, the population does not exceed 51 million inhabitants, and this number includes more than a hundred known to the world nationalities. Among them are also Tibetans, Koreans, Germans and Austrians. The largest nation in the central region is the Uzbeks. The population of Uzbekistan today exceeds 30 million inhabitants, and in neighboring countries they are also found as national minorities, therefore this nation is recognized as the most numerous.
For the period of 1992, more than 10 million Russian residents lived in the territory of the Central Asian region, but after the collapse of the USSR, large-scale migration began, as a result of which the number of Russians greatly decreased in the territories of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan.
In the most populous country - Uzbekistan - there are famous ancient historical cities that carry all the safety of the country's culture. In the past, these are great states with a rich history - imperial nomadic civilizations and centers of the development of Islam in the Central Asian part.
For centuries, students have come from all over the continent to get better education, as this region was famous for its good Islamic colleges. Also in the center of Asia Sufism originated, a widespread Islamic movement of the 7-8th century AD. In addition to all this, the central part was famous for its pilgrimage sites, and the development of the countries prospered compared to neighboring regions.
"Dance of the Dervishes" - a ritual to achieve unity with God. This is the main goal of Sufism - classical Muslim philosophy.
Asia is washed by the Arctic, Indian and Pacific oceans, as well as - in the west - by the inland seas of the Atlantic Ocean (Azov, Black, Marmara, Aegean, Mediterranean). At the same time, there are vast areas of internal flow - the basins of the Caspian and Aral seas, Lake Balkhash, etc. Lake Baikal in terms of the volume of fresh water surpasses all lakes in the world; Baikal contains 20% of the world's fresh water reserves (excluding glaciers). The Dead Sea is the deepest tectonic depression in the world (-405 meters below sea level). The coast of Asia as a whole is relatively weakly dissected, large peninsulas stand out - Asia Minor, Arabian, Indian Subcontinent, Korean, Kamchatka, Chukotka, Taimyr, etc. Near the coast of Asia there are large islands (Big Sunda, Novosibirsk, Sakhalin, Severnaya Zemlya, Taiwan, Philippine, Hainan, Sri Lanka, Japanese, etc.), occupying a total area of \u200b\u200bmore than 2 million km2.
At the base of Asia lie four huge platforms - the Arabian, Indian, Chinese and Siberian. Up to ¾ of the territory of the part of the world is occupied by mountains and plateaus, the highest of which are concentrated in Central and Central Asia. In general, Asia is a contrasting region in terms of absolute elevation marks. On the one hand, there is the highest peak in the world - Mount Chomolungma (8848 m), on the other hand, the deepest depressions - Lake Baikal with a depth of 1620 m and the Dead Sea, whose level is 392 m below sea level.East Asia is an area of \u200b\u200bactive volcanism ...
Asia is rich in various minerals (especially fuel and energy raw materials).
Almost all types of climate are represented on the territory of Asia - from arctic in the far north to equatorial in the southeast. In East, South and Southeast Asia, the climate is monsoon (within Asia, the wettest place on Earth is located - the place of Cherrapunji in the Himalayas), while in Western Siberia it is continental, in Eastern Siberia and on Saryarka - sharply continental, and on the plains of Central, Central and Western Asia - semi-desert and desert climate of the temperate and subtropical zones. Southwest Asia - tropical desert, the hottest in Asia.
The extreme north of Asia is occupied by tundra. Taiga is located to the south. Fertile black earth steppes are located in western Asia. Most of Central Asia, from the Red Sea to Mongolia, is desert. The largest of them is the Gobi Desert. The Himalayas separate Central Asia from the tropics of South and Southeast Asia.
The Himalayas are the highest mountain system in the world. Rivers, in the territory of which the Himalayas are located, carry silt to the fields of the south, forming fertile soils
